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Adaptive Multi Rate Ericsson Network19thApril, 2011
NSN NPO
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Contents
AMR Overview
AMR Requirements and Network Considerations
AMR Parameters
AMR Measurements
Potential Impact on Network MCCI NSN Tehran AMR Trends
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AMR Overview
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AMR Introduction
AMR (Adaptive Multi Rate) consists of a family of codecs with different bit-ratesoperating in GSM FR and HR
The aim is to improve channel (FR/HR) quality by adapting the most appropriatechannel codec based on current radio condition
The trade off made between quality and robustness by varying bit-rates.
Codec mode adaptation (link adaptation) is based on received channel quality in
both MS and BTS.
The basic AMR codec mode sets for MS and BTS are provided by BSC via layer3 signalling.
MS shall support all speech codec modes, although only a set of up to 4 speechcodec modes are used during a call
New GSM standard based voice coding in phone and network. Implementationin radio network and phone is needed to realize the benefits.
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AMR Introduction
At low C/I, a large amount of channel coding is applied and less speech coding. When the C/Iincreases the speech coding is increased and the channel coding is decreased. So the speech
coding (data) and channel coding rates (Error correction) are adapted to the existing RFenvironment, hence the term adaptive.
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AMR Introduction Codec Data Rates Channel cross bit-rate is 22.8 kbit/s in GSM FR/EFR:
13 kbit/s speech coding and
9.8 kbit/channel coding
(HR channel gross bit rate 11.4 kbit/s) In the AMR case, codec mode can be changed and more error correction bits can be used
whenever channel requires
0
5
10
15
20
25
FR
12.2
FR
10.2
FR
7.95
FR 7.4 FR 6.7 FR 5.9 FR
5.15
FR
4.75
HR
7.95
HR 7.4 HR 6.7 HR 5.9 HR
5.15
HR
4.75
AMR codec mode
Channelbit-rate
(kb
it/s) Channel coding
Speech coding
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AMR Introduction Codec Data Rates
Voice quality
Robustness
AMR codecs:
8 for Full rate and 6 for Half RateUpto 4 codecs in one Active Codec Set
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
No Errors 16 dB C/I 13 dB C/I 10 dB C/I 7 dB C/I 4 dB C/I
MOS (Mean Opinion Score)
EFRAMR FR
AMR Full Rate performance compared toFull Rate EFR in Clean Speech
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
No Errors19 dB C/I16 dB C/I13 dB C/I10 dB C/I 7 dB C/I 4 dB C/I
FRAMR HR
MOS (Mean Opinion Score)
AMR Half Rate performance compared toFull Rate in Clean Speech
5CODEC
MODEforHR
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C/I vs. FER performance, AMR FR
Frame Error Rates (FER) for ARM, EFR and FR Codecs
on Different C/I conditions (FR -Channel)
0.00%
2.00%
4.00%
6.00%
8.00%
10.00%
12.00%
14.00%
12345678910111213141516
C/I [dB]
FER[%]
GSM EFR
GSM FR
AMR 12.2 kbit/s
AMR 10.2 kbit/s
AMR 7.95 kbit/s
AMR 7.4 kbit/s
AMR 6.7 kbit/s
AMR 5.9 kbit/s
AMR 5.15 kbit/s
AMR 4.75 kbit/s
GSM HR
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C/I vs. FER performance, AMR HR
Frame Error Rates (FER) for ARM HR Codecs
on Different C/I conditions (HR -Channel)
0.00%
2.00%
4.00%
6.00%
8.00%
10.00%
12.00%
14.00%
12345678910111213141516
C/I [dB]
FER[%]
GSM HR
AMR 7.95 kbit/s
AMR 7.4 kbit/s
AMR 6.7 kbit/s
AMR 5.9 kbit/s
AMR 5.15 kbit/s
AMR 4.75 kbit/s
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AMR FR codec mode adaptation example
speechcoding
chan.coding
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time[s]
[dB]
C/I EFR operation AMR mode
12.2 kbit/s
7.95 kbit/s
6.70 kbit/s
5.90 kbit/s
AMRC/I
AMRFR HR
12.2
10.2
7.95
7.4 7.4
6.7 6.7
5.9 5.9
5.15 5.15
4.75 4.75
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AMR Introduction
AMR Capacity benefits:
Improved robustness in Full Rate allows tightening of re-use patterns -increased spectral efficiency
Operation of Half Rate channels will free available capacity for data traffic -reduced blocking
AMR Coverage benefits: Improved performance at
cell edge7.4
5.9
5.15
4.75
12.2
7.95
5.9
4.75
HO
HO
HO
Current Full Rate &AMR Half Rate AMR Full Rate
Base Station Cell Coverage
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Benefits of AMR 1/2
Speech quality enhancement:AMR maintains good speech quality in thesituation where the connection faces low C/I or low signal level
Capacity and coverage gain:Link level simulation results illustratedimprovement in terms of TCH FER (up to 6dB at 1% FER in C/I)
Improved BCCH plan:tighter frequency reuse or better quality with samefrequency reuse, potentially releasing frequencies to be used on the non-
BCCH layer. This is applicable when EFRlegacy terminals do notrepresent a significant portion of the traffic.
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Benefits of AMR 2/2
Mixed EFR AMR traffic networks:use more aggressive power control forAMR mobiles in order to decrease the average interference level in the network.
Due to better error correction capability against the channel errors lower C/Itarget can be set for AMR mobiles hence lower PC thresholds can be used.Therefore, the overall interference decreases in the network (smaller averagetransmission power) and thus the quality of the existing EFR connectionsincrease.
When compare AMR HRto previous GSM HR codec, it is noticed that AMR HRobtains remarkable better speech quality
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AMR Requirements & Network Considerations
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AMR HW Support
Below are the HW requirements for AMR deployment.
RBSAll RBS2000 base stations support AMR, except for early versions of RBS2301 (< R6A)
No support in RBS200
BSC
AXE810 supports AMR (TRA R6)BYB501 supports AMR on TRA R5B
BYB202 dont support AMR, except in BYB501 expansions
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AMR Enhancements in Ericsson System
R9.1
Two predefined Active Codec Sets
R10
Define own Active Codec Sets Included modes
Mode change thresholds
AMR statistics
Codec mode utilization Call drop rate
BSSR12
Adaptive Multi Rate introduced anew predefined codec set consisting of the codec modes: 4.75,5.9, 7.4, 12.2 for Full Rate AMR
G10 A Improved configuration capability for FR-AMR and HR-AMR Configurable initial codec mode
Possible to start with a codec mode with a higher bit rate (compared to the default settingdefined in 3GPP) after changing channels
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AMR Parameters
G SC
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2G AMR Parameters BSC Level
AMRFRSUPPORT
Indicates if AMR FR is turned ON or OFF and also which full rate codec set that shall be used within the BSC.
Default value: 0Value range: 0-5Unit: 0=off
1=Full rate codec set 12=Full rate codec set 23=Full rate codec set 34=Full rate codec set 45=Full rate codec set 5
AMRHRSUPPORT
Indicates if AMR HR is turned ON or OFF and also which half rate codec set that shall be used within the BSC
Default value: 0Value range: 0-4Unit: 0=off
1=Half rate codec set 12=Half rate codec set 23=Half rate codec set 34=Half rate codec set 4
SET
Indicates which of the codec sets for a specific channel rate that shall be modified.
Value Range:FR3, FR4, HR3, HR4Unit: Codec Set
2G AMR P t BSC L l
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2G AMR Parameters BSC Level
MODE
Specifies the codec modes that shall be included in the codec set. For Full Rate all 8 codec modes can be used, expressed as anumeral between 1 and 8, and defined in ascending order
Value range: 0-8Unit: CODEC MODE
THR
Specifies the thresholds between the codec modes in the codec set, expressed as a numeral between 0 and 63, in steps of 0.5 dB.
Value Range: 0 to 63Unit: Threshold
HYST
Specifies the hysteresis values for the threshold in the codec set. It is expressed as a numeral between 0 and 15, in steps o f 0.5dB.
Value Range: 0 to 15Unit: Hysteresis
AMRSPEECHVERUSE
This is used to decide if the used speech version for AMR shall be placed at the top in the list of allowed speech version at
handover.
Value Range: 0 and 10: Do not place the used speech version for AMR at the top in the list of allowed speech versions.1: The used speech version for AMR shall be plated at the top of the list of allowed speech versions.
C d M d d D i i th h ld
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Codec Modes and Decision thresholds
When C/I drops below decision threshold THR_3, codec mode 3 (CODEC_MODE_3) will be in operation insteadof codec mode 4 (CODEC_MODE_4). The sum of the decision threshold and hysteresis constitutes the upperthreshold between two codec modes, e.g when C/I exceeds THR_3 + HYST_3 codec mode 4
(CODEC_MODE_4) will be in operation instead of codec mode 3 (CODEC_MODE_3).
P d fi d F ll R t d S t
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Predefined Full Rate codec Sets
P d fi d H lf R t d S t
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Predefined Half Rate codec Sets
Parameter Summary Cell Level
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Parameter Summary Cell LevelParameter Radio Feature
AMRPCSTATE BTS and MS Power Control
QDESULAFR
MS Power ControlQDESULAHR
SSDESULAFRSSDESULAHR
QDESDLAFR
BTS Power ControlQDESDLAHR
SSDESDLAFR
SSDESDLAHR
SSOFFSETULAFR
Intra Cell HandoverSSOFFSETDLAFR
QOFFSETULAFRQOFFSETDLAFR
QLIMULAFR
Bad Quality Urgency HO conditionsQLIMDLAFR
BQOFFSETAFR
RLINKTAFR
Radio Link Timeout TimersRLINKTAHR
RLINKUPAFR
RLINKUPAHR
DTHAMR Dynamic Half Rate
DMTHAMRDynamic Mode AdaptationDMQBAMR
DMQGAMR
AMR Features
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AMR Features
AMR Power ControlAMR HR
AMR Radio Link Timers
AMR Wideband
Dynamic HR allocation
Dynamic Mode adaptationLocating
Intra cell Handover and Urgency Conditions
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AMR Power Control
AMR Power Control
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AMR Power Control
SummaryThe feature AMR power control is used to minimize the interference in the radio
network by controlling the output power for terminals using the AMR speech codecseparately. The result is a possibility to increase the radio network capacity as wellas improve speech quality due to reduced interference.
BenefitsIncreased capacity in networks with a mix of AMR and non-AMR capable handsets.Enhanced speech quality for connections not using AMR full rate.
Optimized power consumption for AMR full rate compatible handsets.
AMR Power Control
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AMR Power Control
Introduced in R10,enhanced in R12 with AMRHR
Separate regulation targets for MS/BTS Power Control
AMR connection can use less powerAMR codec can handle the increased bit error
AMR Power Control
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AMR Power Control
The AMR FR speech coding is more robust and can perform well on low C/Ilevels. This results in a possibility to down regulate the output power of AMR FR
connections more than for non-AMR or AMR HR connections.
AMR Power Control
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AMR Power Control
Increased capacity in mixed EFR/AMR scenarios Same speech quality for EFR and AMR users
Separate AMR Power Control Algorithm
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Separate AMR Power Control Algorithm
Separate regulation targets for AMR : More aggressive settings can be usedcompared to EFR
AMR-HR calls are controlled by the same settings as EFR until BSS R12. AMRPower Control introduces separate regulation targets in the power controlalgorithm for calls using Half Rate AMR, optimizing the performance in BSSR12.
Parameter Description Range
AMRPCSTATE Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) power control state. ACTIVE or INACTIVE
SSDESULAFR Target value for AMR FR connections for the desired signal strength uplink 47 to 110
SSDESDLAFR Target value for AMR FR connections for the desired signal strength downlink 47 to 110
QDESULAFR Desired quality uplink for AMR FR connections 0 to 76
QDESDLAFR Desired quality downlink for AMR FR connections. 0 to 76
Last 4 parameters available for HR also
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AMR Radio Link Timers
AMR Radio Link Timers
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AMR Radio Link Timers
AMR Radio Link Timers feature introduces separate radio link timers for calls usingAMR where the parameter RLINKT will be replaced with RLINKTAFR for connections
using the codec type AMR FR,RLINKTAHR for connections using the codec type AMRHR and parameter RLINKUP will be replaced with RLINKUPAFR for connections usingthe codec type AMR FR,RLINKUPAHR for connections using the codec type AMR HR.
In the uplink, the algorithm is the same, but managed by the BSC and basing thedecisions on successfully decoded measurement results on the uplink, that is in the basestation parameter RLINKUP controls the algorithm, unless the connections are usingcodec type AMR FR where RLINKUPAFR are used.
The algorithm is of the type "leaky bucket", and bases the decisions on successfullydecoded SACCH messages (480 ms). There is a "bucket", initially containing a numbergiven by parameter RLINKT, RLINKTAFR or RLINKTAHR for downlink andRLINKUP, RLINKUPAFRor RLINKUPAHRfor uplink.
AMR Radio Link Timers
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ad o e s
When a SACCH message has been received but not successfully decoded, the "bucket"counter is decreased by one unit. When a frame is successfully decoded, it is increasedby two units. If the "bucket" becomes empty, that is the "bucket" counter runs down tozero, the MS terminates the connection.
AMR Radio Link Timers
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RLINKTAFR :The maximum value of the radio downlink counter for AMR FR connections. Range:8 to 64 in steps of 4
Unit:SACCH periods (480 ms).
RLINKTAHR :The maximum value of the radio downlink counter for AMR HR connections. Range:8 to 64 in steps of 4
Unit:SACCH periods (480 ms).
RLINKUPAFR:The maximum value of the radio link counter on the uplink for AMR FRconnections. Range:1 to 63
Unit:SACCH periods (480 ms).
RLIKUPAHR:The maximum value of the radio link counter on the uplink for AMR HRconnections. Range:1 to 63
Unit:SACCH periods (480 ms)
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AMR Half Rate
AMR Half Rate
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Introduced in BSS R10, Enhanced in G10A
Summary
The AMR Half Rate speech codec provides significantly better speech qualityfor half rate channels than the standard Half Rate codec. With AMR Half Rate,the use of half rate traffic channels becomes a more attractive solution toincrease radio network capacity.
Operator Benefits Reduced cost of ownership and Increased revenue
BSS G1A Enhancements
In BSS G10A, AMR HR is enhanced with Improved configuration capability.
Increased speech quality: Possible to start with a codec mode
AMR Half Rate
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Two predefined Active Codec Sets
Define own Active Codec Sets Included modes
Mode change thresholds
AMR statistics Codec mode utilization
Call drop rate
AMR Half Rate
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Speech quality between EFR and FR
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AMR Wideband
AMR Wideband-Introduction
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The feature AMR Wide Band was introduced in BSS R08A.
AMR Wide Band (AMR-WB) is a new speech codec that providessignificantly improved speech quality. This is accomplished byusing a speech bandwidth of 0.1 to 7 kHz compared to thetraditional 0.3 to 3.4 kHz bandwidth used for the existing GSMcodecs and in the fixed networks. By adding both low and highfrequencies to the speech a much clearer and more pleasantspeech is achieved.
AMR-WB is implemented for the GSM Full Rate channel usingGMSK modulation with three codec modes as defined in the 3GPPstandards.
AMR-WB
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Significant speech quality improvement for mobile to mobile calls Better than todays wireline networks
Audio spectrum 100-7000 Hz instead of 300-3400 Hz Seamless support in and between GSM and WCDMA
Feature Overview
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All nodes involved in a call from one subscriber to another musthave support for AMR-WB, this includes all MSs, RBSs,BSCs,MGwsand MSC servers.
3 codec modes for AMR-WB / FR channel with GMSK modulation Codec modes: 6.60, 8.85, 12.65 kbps
New TRA pool is required for AMR-WB
Fallback to FR_AMR at AMR-WB establishment failure is possible. If AMR-WB can not be established end to end, the call is changed
to use the next available full rate codec supported in the network
Possibility to inhibit FR->HR adaptation for AMR-WB due to a big
difference in speech quality.
Performance comparisonEFR FR AMR AMR WB
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EFR, FR_AMR, AMR-WB
Always better than EFR
About same radio capacity and error robustness as FR_AMR
Network Impact / Dependencies
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1) TRA R6B is available in BSS R122) TRA R7 is available in BSS 06B
No of channels per board
BSC HW ImpactTRA R6 or later is required.
BTS HW ImpactsTRU/dTRU or similar TRU is required
BSS Character ist ics
Dependencies to o ther BSS featuresNone
Dependencies to oth er NESupport in core network is requi red.
Term inalsSuppo rt in terminals is required.
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DYNAMIC HALF RATE
DYNAMIC HALF RATE ALLOCATION
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A separate traffic load threshold introduced that only applies toterminals that supports the AMR half rate speech codec.
Use HR only when and where it is needed
Better utilization of AMR HR
DHA parameters
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DTHAMRis the threshold parameter for AMR HR capable MSs at channel allocation below whichan AMR MS will be allocated a HR channel. The parameter expresses the ratio between idle andde-blocked TCHs in percent and is set per cell. It can be set per priority level if using Speech Quality
Priority. DTHNAMRis the threshold parameter for non AMR HR but DR capable MSs at channel allocation
below which a DR capable MS will be allocated a HR channel. The parameter expresses the ratiobetween idle and de-blocked TCHs in percent and is set per cell. It can be set per priority level ifusing Speech Quality Priority.
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Dynamic Mode Adaptation
Mode adaptation
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New feature in R10, Enhanced in R07B, by introducing Traffic load threshold to initiate HR to FRhandover
Capacity boost from HR only when needed to avoid congestion
Operator settable thresholds for AMR.
Parameters
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Parameter Description Range
DMTHAMR HR packing threshold parameter for AMR HR capable mobiles. 0 to 100
DMQBAMRChannel quality threshold for Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) capable mobilesusing a HR traffic channel.
0 to 100
DMQGAMR
Channel quality threshold for Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) capable mobiles
using a FR traffic channel. 0 to 100
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Intra-cell Handovers and Urgency Conditions
Separate Intra-cell HO parameters
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Separate triggers in Intra-cell Handover
More aggressive settings for AMR FR to reduce Intra-cell Handovers
Parameters: SSOFFSETULAFR, SSOFFSETDLAFR, QOFFSETULAFR,QOFFSETDLAFR
Locating: Separate Bad Quality Urgency HOparameters
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parameters
Separate triggers in Bad Quality Urgency Handover
More aggressive settings for AMR FR to reduce quality urgencyHandovers
Parameters: QLIMULAFR, QLIMDLAFR, BQOFFSETAFR
AMR Impact (Locating, Handover Bad Quality UrgencyConditions)
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Conditions)
For connections using the codec type AMR Full Rate there areseparate bad quality limits for the urgency detection (QLIMDLAFRin downlink and QLIMULAFR in uplink). The greater robustness ofthe AMR FR channel, suggests higher values, if compared withthe ones used at present, of these parameters for reducing thenumbers of unnecessary inter cell handovers for bad quality
reasons.
It is not allowed to perform a bad quality urgency handover to aworse cell from anywhere in the serving cell. The parameterBQOFFSETAFR regulates the Urgency handovers borders.
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Self Configuring Transcoder Pools
Self Configuring Transcoder Pools
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Efficient use of Transcoderresources
Simplified O&M
OSS required
TRA R5A, R5B & TRA R6
The feature offers automatic reconfiguration of Transcoder HW andTranscoder pools based on Transcoder pool usage statistics.
Self Configuring Transcoder Pool
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Automatically re-dimension the transcoder pools based on usagein each pool
Benefits: Reduced operation and maintenance activities
More efficient transcoder HW usage
Two Modes: Immediate Mode Reconfiguration
Delayed Mode Reconfiguration: Operator to specify time andfrequency
Event log maintained in the BSC for the operator to review
Parameters: TTRAREQUIRED, TTRAEXCESS, MINPOOLSIZE,RECMODE, RECTIME, NDAYS
Self Configuring Transcoder Pools: Parameters
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The percentage idle resources in each transcoder pool shall be reported every10th second and the mean percentage of idle resources overthe last
TIMERECONFminutes is calculated. The TIMERECONFis set to 2 minutes for immediate reconfiguration and 60
minutes for delayed reconfiguration. Every 10th second isthe frequencyfor accumulating STS counters today.
TIMERECONFis an application parameter and can not be changed by theoperator.
A transcoder pool with the mean percentage of idle resources below athreshold, TTRAREQ, shall be a candidate to receive transcoder resources.
A transcoder pool with the mean percentage of idle resources equal to or abovea threshold, TTRAEXexcluding the idle transcoder resources to remove,shall be a candidate to steal transcoder resources from.
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AMR Measurements
Object Types
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Transcoder level statistics are available on TRAPEVENT
Traffic counters belong to object types CLTCHFV3 andCLTCHHV3
Codec mode utilization counters (uplink and downlink), belong toobject types CLTCHFV3C and CLTCHHV3C.
FER counters, belong to object types CELLAFFER and
CELLAHFER. Dropped call counters, belong to object types CLTCHDRAF and
CLTCHDRAH.
SQI counters, belong to object types CELLSQI and CELLSQIDL.
TRAPEVENT
Counter Name Description
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Cou e a e esc p o
TPACC Number of accumulations
TPACTTR Active Transcoder Resources
TPAVTR Available Transcoder Resources
TPIDLTR Idle Transcoder Resources
TPALLOC Transcoder Resource Allocation Attempts
TPCONG Transcoder Resource Congestion
TPCTIME Transcoder Resource Congestion Time
TPSYNCF V.110 Synchronization Failure for pooled transcoder devices
TPTFOESTATT Number of TFO establishment attempts
TPTFOEST Number of successful TFO establishments
TPTFOTIME Accumulated number of seconds all TFO capable devices have been used in a speech call
TPTFOOPETIME Accumulated number of seconds all TFO capable devices have been in TFO operation mode
CLTCHFV3 and CLTCHHV3
Object Type Counter Name Description
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CLTCHFV3 TFV3CALLS Call attempt counter
CLTCHFV3 TFV3CALLSSUB Call attempt counter for overlaid subcell
CLTCHFV3 TFV3TCONGS TCH congestion time
CLTCHFV3 TFV3TCONSUB TCH congestion time for overlaid subcell
CLTCHFV3 TFV3TRALACC Traffic level accumulator
CLTCHFV3 TFV3NSCAN Number of accumulations of traffic level counter
CLTCHFV3 TFV3TRALSUB TCH traffic level accumulated in overlaid subcell
CLTCHFV3 TFV3CONGSAS Number of congestion at assignment
CLTCHFV3 TFV3CONGSASSUB Number of congestion at assignment, overlaid subcell
CLTCHFV3 TFV3CONGSHO Number of congestion at handover
CLTCHFV3 TFV3CONGSHOSUB Number of congestion at handover, overlaid subcell
CLTCHHV3 THV3CALLS Call attempt counter
CLTCHHV3 THV3CALLSSUB Call attempt counter for overlaid subcell
CLTCHHV3 THV3TCONGS TCH congestion time
CLTCHHV3 THV3TCONSUB TCH congestion time for overlaid subcell
CLTCHHV3 THV3TRALACC Traffic level accumulator
CLTCHHV3 THV3NSCAN Number of accumulations of traffic level counter
CLTCHHV3 THV3TRALSUB TCH traffic level accumulated in overlaid subcell
CLTCHHV3 THV3CONGSAS Number of congestion at assignment
CLTCHHV3 THV3CONGSASSUB Number of congestion at assignment, overlaid subcell
CLTCHHV3 THV3CONGSHO Number of congestion at handover
CLTCHHV3 THV3CONGSHOSUB Number of congestion at handover, overlaid subcell
CLTCHFV3C and CLTCHHV3C
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Object Type Counter Name Description
CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM1UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 1 uplink
CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM2UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 2 uplink
CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM3UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 3 uplink
CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM4UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 4 uplink
CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM1DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 1 downlink
CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM2DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 2 downlink
CLTCHFV3CTFV3CM3DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 3 downlink
CLTCHFV3C TFV3CM4DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/F SPV3 Mode 4 downlink
CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM1UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 1 uplink
CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM2UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 2 uplink
CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM3UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 3 uplink
CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM4UL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 4 uplink
CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM1DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 1 downlink
CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM2DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 2 downlink
CLTCHHV3C
THV3CM3DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 3 downlink
CLTCHHV3CTHV3CM4DL Time (number of frames) on TCH/H SPV3 Mode 4 downlink
CELLAFFER and CELLAHFERObject Type Counter Name Description
CELLAxFER TAx1ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range 0 FERTHR1 UL
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CELLAxFER TAx1ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range 0-FERTHR1, UL
CELLAxFER TAx2ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR1-FERTHR2, UL
CELLAxFER TAx3ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR2-FERTHR3, UL
CELLAxFER TAx4ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR3-FERTHR4, UL
CELLAxFER TAx5ULFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR4-96, UL
CELLAxFER TAx1ULSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range 0-FERTHR1, overlaid subcell, UL
CELLAxFER TAx2ULSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR1-FERTHR2, overlaid subcell, UL
CELLAxFER TAx3ULSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR2-FERTHR3, overlaid subcell, UL
CELLAxFER TAx4ULSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR3-FERTHR4, overlaid subcell, UL
CELLAxFER TAx5ULSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR4-96, overlaid subcell, UL
CELLAxFER TAx1DLFER Number of FER occurrences in the range 0-FERTHR1, DL
CELLAxFER TAx2DLFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR1-FERTHR2, DL
CELLAxFER TAxDL3FER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR2-FERTHR3, DL
CELLAxFER TAx4DLFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR3-FERTHR4, DL
CELLAxFER TAx5DLFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR4-96, DL
CELLAxFER TAx1DLSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range 0-FERTHR1, overlaid subcell, DL
CELLAxFER TAx2DLSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR1-FERTHR2, overlaid subcell, DL
CELLAxFER TAx3DLSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR2-FERTHR3, overlaid subcell, DL
CELLAxFER TAx4DLSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR3-FERTHR4, overlaid subcell, DL
CELLAxFER TAx5DLSUBFER Number of FER occurrences in the range FERTHR4-96, overlaid subcell, DL
X = F for FR and H for HR
CLTCHDRAF and CLTCHDRAH
Object Type Counter Name Description
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X = F for FR and H for HR
CLTCHDRAx TxDISTAA Dropped connections at excessive TA
CLTCHDRAx TxSUDLOSA Suddenly lost connections
CLTCHDRAx TxSUDLOSSUBA Suddenly lost connections in overlaid subcell
CLTCHDRAx TxDISSDLA Dropped connections at low signal strength downlink
CLTCHDRAx TxDISSDLSUBA Dropped connections at low signal strength downlink in overlaid subcell
CLTCHDRAx TxDISSULA Dropped connections at low signal strength uplink
CLTCHDRAx TxDISSULSUBA Dropped connections at low signal strength uplink in overlaid subcell
CLTCHDRAx TxDISSBLA Dropped connections at low signal strength bothlink
CLTCHDRAx TxDISSBLSUBA Dropped connections at low signal strength bothlink in overlaid subcell
CLTCHDRAx TxDISQADLA Dropped connections at bad quality downlink
CLTCHDRAx TxDISQADLSUBA Dropped connections at bad quality downlink in overlaid subcell
CLTCHDRAx TxDISQAULA Dropped connections at bad quality uplink
CLTCHDRAx TxDISQAULSUBA Dropped connections at bad quality uplink in overlaid subcell
CLTCHDRAx TxDISQABLA Dropped connections at bad quality bothlink
CLTCHDRAx TxDISQABLSUBA Dropped connections at bad quality bothlink in overlaid subcell
CELLSQI and CELLSQIDL
Object Type Counter Name Description
CELLSQI TSQIGOODAF Number of measurements with good speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3
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X = F for FR and H for HR
CELLSQI TSQIGOODAF Number of measurements with good speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIGOODAH Number of measurements with good speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIGOODSUBAF Number of measurements with good speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIGOODSUBAH Number of measurements with good speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIACCPTAF Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIACCPTAH Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIACCPTSUBAF Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIACCPTSUBAH Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIBADAF Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIBADAH Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIBADSUBAF Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQI TSQIBADSUBAH Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQID TSQIGOODAFDL Number of measurements with good speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3 on downlink.
CELLSQID TSQIGOODAHDL Number of measurements with good speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3 on downlink.
CELLSQID TSQIGOODSUBAFDL Number of measurements with good speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQID TSQIGOODSUBAHDLNumber of measurements with good speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3 ondownlink.
CELLSQID TSQIACCPTAFDL Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3 on downlink.
CELLSQID TSQIACCPTAHDL Number of measurements with acceptable speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQID TSQIACCPTSUBAFDLNumber of measurements with acceptable speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3 ondownlink.
CELLSQID TSQIACCPTSUBAHDLNumber of measurements with acceptable speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3 ondownlink.
CELLSQID TSQIBADAFDL Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3
CELLSQID TSQIBADAHDL Number of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3 on downlink.
CELLSQID TSQIBADSUBAFDLNumber of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/F and the speech version is SPV3on downlink.
CELLSQID TSQIBADSUBAHDLNumber of measurements with unsatisfactory speech quality in overlaid subcell when the channel rate is TCH/H and the speech version is SPV3on downlink.
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Potential Impact on Network Performance
AMR Effect on Dropped Calls
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The AMR can reduce number of call drops since the RxQual is still good at lowC/I conditions. With the use of lowest codec modes, the call can still sustain due to
high channel coding and low speech coding rates.The AMR Radio Link Timeout value should be higher than the Radio LinkTimeout since AMR is more robust against poor C/I conditions. So a condition mayarise where the Radio Link Timeout decreases rapidly (since SACCH Frames arenot AMR Coded) but the speech might still be good enough to continue the call.
AMR Effect on Busy Hour Congestion
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The use of AMRHR can increase the Network Utilization since at low C/Iconditions, Half Rate can be employed. The same network without AMR shalloffer lesser traffic due to effect of interference. Therefore Busy Hour congestioncan be minimized with the use of AMRHR.
Technical Behavior of AMR vs. EFR
EFR calls get very bad speech quality at C/I ~7dB
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AMR calls get very bad speech quality at C/I ~2 dB
EFR and AMR calls drop due to signaling at C/I ~4 dB
Exactly the same signaling channel (SACCH), AMR has effect on TCH only Call drops occur when signaling channel is too disturbed
same for EFR and AMR
AMR Impact on Subscriber Behavior
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Subscribers experience better speech quality with AMR FR and hold on to thecall until it drops due to bad SAACH performance instead of initiating adisconnection themselves.
For this reason, the parameters RLINKTAFR,RLINKTAHR, RLINKUPAFR,RLINKUPAHR has to be set to a higher value than RLINKT, RLINKUP to give arobust SACCH due to the longer holding time.
AMR Effect on Handovers/Power Control
O f
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RXLEV and Power Budget HO parameters identical for AMR and EFR
There are no separate settings for AMR for Handovers in terms of RxLev. Therefore,RxLev and PBGT based HOs, POC shall take place in identical manner for AMR andnon AMR calls.
Separate thresholds are available for BQ urgency conditions and Intra-Cellhandovers.
Separate power control settings for AMR
Power Control thresholds can be set separately for AMR.
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MCCI Tehran Ericsson Network AMR Trends
Traffic DistributionTest Case: B071E (1st Week of April)
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Traffic Profile for B071E
CODEC MODE UTILIZATIONTest Case: B071E (1st Week of April)
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Full Rate: Downlink Full Rate: Uplink
Half Rate: Downlink Half Rate: Uplink
SQI DistributionTest Case: B071E (1st Week of April)
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AMR FR Samples AMR HR Samples Non- AMR Samples
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