advanced men & material transportation system in underground coal mines
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ADVANCED MEN & MATERIAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IN UNDERGROUND COAL MINESBy: Rohit Kumar Singh 113MN0492
Causewise break-up of Indian coal mines accidents(1989-1999)
Source: https://faculty.franklin.uga.edu/amandal/sites/faculty.franklin.uga.edu.amandal/files/Fatal_accidents_in_Indian_Coal_Mines.pdf
Cause of mine accidents and fatalities per million manshifts in Indian and South-African nomenclature(1989-1997)
Source: https://faculty.franklin.uga.edu/amandal/sites/faculty.franklin.uga.edu.amandal/files/Fatal_accidents_in_Indian_Coal_Mines.pdf
Frequency of mining industry fatalities, by major event group, age 16 years and over, 2004-2008
EVENT FREQUENCY PERCENTTransportation 326 37.8
Contact with objects/equipment 291 33.8Fires and explosions 96 11.1
Exposure to harmful environments 78 9.0All other events 71 8.2
Total 862 100.0Source: U.S. Bureau of Labour Statistics
Choice of transportation system depends on various factors:
Access to mineral deposit Geographical and environmental conditions in the mines Productivity of a mine Which transport system will be profitable for mines Safety of workers working How easily a failure in the system can be rectified and
starts working again Mining method being used
Transportation system in underground mines can be broadly classified into two categories:-
Transportation system for men and equipment
Transportation system for ores/coal, etc.
Image Source : Google Images
Transport system for men and equipment
For persons, equipment and materialTravelling time is less
Maximum carrying load depends on installation
Automatic and Manual
VerticalShafts Generally
inclined at 16 to 18 degree from horizontal
Often used for belt conveyor transport
Large machines can be transported without dismantling
Inclines
Image Source : Google Images
Transport system for men and equipment
Fast transport
Over large distances
Efficiency and speed depends on the standard of roadway grading and installation of trackUsed in mines with drift
Track System To take
men and equipment into mines
Safest way of transportation
If track fails then rail stops working
Man-rider trains
Image Source : Google Images
Transport system for men and equipment
For persons, equipment and materialTravelling time is less and fastest
Runs on electricity
Being used at very few places
Mono Rails
For men transportation inside mines
Works on battery usually
Easy way to roam in bigger and larger mines for inspection
Electric vehicle
s
Image Source : Google Images
Rubber tired vehicles are flexible
Caterpillar track vehicles for special purpose. Usually 2 or 4 seaters e.g RTV1140
RTV’s
Transport system for ore and waste materials
For ores and coals
Loads, hauls, dumps
Run on electricity and diesel. Can be remote controlled too.
Works at face
LHD
For ores and coals
Works at face
Manually operated and can be remote controlled too
SDL
Image Source : Google Images
Transport system for ore and waste materials
Fast transport
Over large distance
Safer and can work continuously.Less maintenance is required
Conveyor belt
To transport slurry, ventilation etc.
Uses a motor pump and pipes.
Hydraulic and mine
pumps
Image Source : Google Images
Transport system for ore and waste materials
Two shafts available, one for men and other for coal
Require pulley, wire ropes and other safety systems.
SHAFT Fast and
easy.
Require motors, wire ropes, railway tracks etc.Different haulages have different speeds, benefits etc.
Mine cars
Image Source : Google Images
Transport system for ore and waste materials
For materials and coalsRailway tracks needed
Fast way of transportation
Stops working if track problems
Mine Rails
Rubber tyred vehicles
Usually for transportation from face to shafts If galleries are spacious soil has good grip. e.g RTV900xt
RTV’S
Image Source : Google Images
Future of transport system in minesIn order to • Minimize input cost• Improve production• Improve safety• Sustainable miningSeveral research and developments are being done by severalMining industries.
Image Source : Google Images
Future of transport system in minesFew concept projects on which people are working are:
• Airships: Used to transport personnel and equipment to remote areas where there is no road and electricity. It will reduce the input cost significantly and help companies to start earning profit at an early stage. It can be used for asteroid mining too.
• Mining bots: Used at severe and dangerous conditions so that worker’s safety is not neglected and extraction can be done efficiently. E.g. in very deep mines where daily transportation of workers will take time.
Image Source : Google Images
Importance of transportation system in mines• To have access to mine deposits.• To continue the mining activity.• To extract ores from mines.• To increase the production of ores.• To make a mine earn profit.• To transport man power safely.• To transport equipment and materials properly.• To reduce the number of accidents due to transportation system
BIBLIOGRAPHYhttp://www.geovia.com/blog/future-mining-equipment-transportationhttp://www2.liikennevirasto.fi/julkaisut/pdf3/ls_2013-02_transport_needs_web.pdfhttp://www.infomine.com/library/publications/docs/InternationalMining/Budniok2010.pdfhttp://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/ch8en/conc8en/ch8c2en.htmlElements of mining technology, Vol-3 by Deshmukh D.Jhttp://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c05/e6-37-06-07.pdfhttp://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/cwc/transportation-fatalities-in-the-mining-sector-20042008.pdf
THANK YOU
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