adab lesson#10 [m]-(taqwa-piety-godfearing-consciousness)-23-may-2012
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LESSONS ON LESSONS ON ISLAMIC ISLAMIC CONCEPT OF ADABCONCEPT OF ADABBy: Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
Insha’Allah -This is a follow-up course, after completionof 18 weeks course on the kitab “Ta’lim al-Muta’allimTariqit Ta’allum ” of Sheikh Tajuddin Nu’man Zarnuji
( 23 May 2012 )Every Wednesday night @ 8pmWisma Indah 450 Changi Rd,#02-00(Next to Masjid Kassim),
Arabic (plural) of Adab : meanings – “good breeding, decency, nurture, good manners, refinement, cultured, decorum, courteous, etiquette, propriety, social grace, to educate, discipline, the humanities, etc.” sense of proportion and knowledge of their rightful place in the order of things, the absence of which indicates injustice
LESSON# 10 ( m )LESSON# 10 ( m ) IN THE NAME OF ALLAHMOST COMPASSIONATEMOST MERCIFUL.
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2012)All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2012)
CONTINUATION OF THE 2ND RUN MODULE
PART 2
By retracing our life, we start with understanding By retracing our life, we start with understanding
our basic nature as a human being - having our basic nature as a human being - having
inherent powers and their potentialities to be inherent powers and their potentialities to be
developed.developed.
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In our relationship regarding our Education – we In our relationship regarding our Education – we
are to encounter, i.e. assisted by our educators - are to encounter, i.e. assisted by our educators -
with what is referred to as, “with what is referred to as, “knowledgeknowledge”.”.
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Yet, we are born helpless and have to be cared, Yet, we are born helpless and have to be cared,
nurtured, to be inculcated with discipline, taught and nurtured, to be inculcated with discipline, taught and
developed by a developed by a Murabbi’Murabbi’ (EDUCATOR) – the first of (EDUCATOR) – the first of
whom are our PARENTS.whom are our PARENTS.
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TO PROCEED
WE ARE STILL NOW ON THE TOPICWE ARE STILL NOW ON THE TOPIC
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THE WORLDTHE WORLD
TIMETIME
SELFSELFBODYBODY
TONGUETONGUE
MINDMINDDESIREDESIRE
HEARTHEART
NAFS al-AMMARAH NAFS al-AMMARAH (Commanding self)(Commanding self)
Link to various Link to various QuwwahQuwwah (powers): (powers):
[1] [1] shahwiyyashahwiyya (desires)(desires)[2] [2] ghadabiyyaghadabiyya (anger)(anger)[3] [3] WahmiyahWahmiyah (imaginative)(imaginative)[4][4] ‘aqliyya‘aqliyya (thoughts)(thoughts)
Islam: to submit the entire self (body, tongue, heart and Mind) – Freeing it from desire which needs to always be guided to the Will of Allah.
AD-DEENUL-ISLAMAD-DEENUL-ISLAM
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THE WORLDTHE WORLD
TIMETIME
SELFSELFBODYBODY
TONGUETONGUE
MINDMINDDESIREDESIRE
HEARTHEART
Islam: to submit the entire self (body, tongue, heart and Mind) – Freeing it from desire which needs to always be guided to the Will of Allah.
ALLAH RASULULLAH
HEREAFTERHEREAFTERAL-QUR’AN
AS-SUNNAH
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THE WORLDTHE WORLD
TIMETIME
SELFSELFBODYBODY
TONGUETONGUE
MINDMINDDESIREDESIRE
HEARTHEART
Islam: to submit the entire self (body, tongue, heart and Mind) – Freeing it from desire which needs to always be guided to the Will of Allah.
RASULULLAH
HEREAFTERHEREAFTERAL-QUR’AN
AS-SUNNAHALLAH
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II-MANII-MAN
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Definition of iiman :
“Utterance with the tongue (speech);
affirmation with the heart/mind (conviction);
and manifesting through practice (actions).”
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SIL-MI - KAAFAHSIL-MI - KAAFAH
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[1] TONGUE[1] TONGUE
[2] HEARING[2] HEARING
[3] SIGHT[3] SIGHT
[4] HANDS[4] HANDS
[5] LEGS[5] LEGS
[6] STOMACH[6] STOMACH
[7] PRIVATE PARTS[7] PRIVATE PARTS
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AL-IHSANAL-IHSAN
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DZIKRDZIKR
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SHAKURSHAKUR
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KHKHAUFAUF
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KHKHASHI-YAASHI-YA
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RA-JAARA-JAA
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TAWAA-TAWAA-DHDHU’U’
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HAYAA’HAYAA’
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TAU-BAHTAU-BAH
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ISTIGHFARISTIGHFAR
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DU’ADU’A
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SwSwOBR’OBR’
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REDHAREDHA
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ISTIQOMAHISTIQOMAH
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TAF-WIDwTAF-WIDw
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TAWAKKULTAWAKKUL
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IKHLASwIKHLASw
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TAQWALLAHTAQWALLAH
TO PROCEED
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““O MANKIND! Worship your Sustainer, who has O MANKIND! Worship your Sustainer, who has
created you and those who lived before you, so created you and those who lived before you, so
that you might remain conscious of Him (that you might remain conscious of Him (TAQWATAQWA). ).
Who has made the earth a resting-place for you Who has made the earth a resting-place for you
and the sky a canopy, and has sent down water and the sky a canopy, and has sent down water
from the sky and thereby brought forth fruits for from the sky and thereby brought forth fruits for
your sustenance: do not, then, claim that there is your sustenance: do not, then, claim that there is
any power that could rival Allah, when you know any power that could rival Allah, when you know
[that He is One].”[that He is One].”
((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 21-22Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 21-22))
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““O you who have attained to faith! Be conscious of O you who have attained to faith! Be conscious of
Allah (Allah (TAQWATAQWA) with all the consciousness that is ) with all the consciousness that is
due to Him, and do not allow death to overtake due to Him, and do not allow death to overtake
you ere you have surrendered yourselves unto you ere you have surrendered yourselves unto
Him.”Him.”
((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 102Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 102))
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“O YOU who have attained to faith! Remain conscious
of Allah (TAQWA), and seek to come closer unto Him,
and strive hard in His cause, so that you might attain
to a happy state.”
(Qur’an: Maa-idah: 5: 35)
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““O YOU who have attained to faith! Do not put yourselves O YOU who have attained to faith! Do not put yourselves
forward in the presence of [what] Allah and His Messenger forward in the presence of [what] Allah and His Messenger
[may have ordained], but remain conscious of Allah [may have ordained], but remain conscious of Allah
((TAQWATAQWA): for, verily, Allah is all-hearing, all-knowing!”): for, verily, Allah is all-hearing, all-knowing!”
((Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 1Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 1))
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““O YOU who have attained to faith! Remain conscious O YOU who have attained to faith! Remain conscious
of Allah (of Allah (TAQWATAQWA); and let every human being look to ); and let every human being look to
what he sends ahead for the morrow! And [once what he sends ahead for the morrow! And [once
again]: Remain conscious of Allah, for Allah is fully again]: Remain conscious of Allah, for Allah is fully
aware of all that you do; and be not like those who are aware of all that you do; and be not like those who are
oblivious of Allah, and whom He therefore causes to oblivious of Allah, and whom He therefore causes to
be oblivious of [what is good for] their own selves: be oblivious of [what is good for] their own selves:
[for] it is they, they who are truly depraved!”[for] it is they, they who are truly depraved!”
((Qur’an: Hashr: 59: 18-19Qur’an: Hashr: 59: 18-19))
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“Not equal are those who are destined for the fire and
those who are destined for paradise: those who are
destined for paradise - it is they, they [alone] who
shall triumph [on Judgment Day]!”
(Qur’an: Hashr: 59: 20)
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““O YOU who have attained to faith! Remain O YOU who have attained to faith! Remain
conscious of Allah (conscious of Allah (TAQWATAQWA), and believe in His ), and believe in His
Messenger, [and] He will grant you doubly of His Messenger, [and] He will grant you doubly of His
grace, and will light for you a light wherein you grace, and will light for you a light wherein you
shall walk, and will forgive you [your past sins]: shall walk, and will forgive you [your past sins]:
for Allah is much-forgiving, a dispenser of grace.”for Allah is much-forgiving, a dispenser of grace.”
((Qur’an: Hadid: 57: 28Qur’an: Hadid: 57: 28))
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““And remain conscious of Allah (And remain conscious of Allah (TAQWATAQWA), and it is ), and it is
Allah who is teaching you [herewith] - and Allah has Allah who is teaching you [herewith] - and Allah has
full knowledge of everything.”full knowledge of everything.”
((Qur’an: Hashr: 59: 2020))
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““O YOU who have attained to faith! Remain conscious O YOU who have attained to faith! Remain conscious
of Allah (of Allah (TAQWATAQWA), and be among those who are true ), and be among those who are true
to their word!”to their word!”
((Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 119Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 119))
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““O you who have attained to faith! Remain O you who have attained to faith! Remain
conscious of Allah (conscious of Allah (TAQWATAQWA), and [always] speak ), and [always] speak
with a will to bring out [only] what is just and true – with a will to bring out [only] what is just and true –
[whereupon] He will cause your deeds to be [whereupon] He will cause your deeds to be
virtuous, and will forgive you your sins. And [know virtuous, and will forgive you your sins. And [know
that] whoever pays heed unto Allah and His that] whoever pays heed unto Allah and His
Messenger has already attained to a mighty Messenger has already attained to a mighty
triumph.”triumph.”
((Qur’an: Ahzab: 33: 70-71Qur’an: Ahzab: 33: 70-71))
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““Fulfil the personal religious obligations (Fulfil the personal religious obligations (FARDHFARDH’) that has ’) that has
been fixed by Allah (upon Muslims), and this will make you to been fixed by Allah (upon Muslims), and this will make you to
become a person of become a person of TAQWATAQWA (righteous and God-fearing).” (righteous and God-fearing).”
((Hadith reported by TabaraniHadith reported by Tabarani))
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““Be conscious of Allah (Be conscious of Allah (TAQWATAQWA) wherever you may be, ) wherever you may be,
and follow-up whatever misdeeds you may have and follow-up whatever misdeeds you may have
committed (as reparation) by doing (more) righteous committed (as reparation) by doing (more) righteous
deeds (for these) shall efface them (the negative effect deeds (for these) shall efface them (the negative effect
of these misdeeds), and interact with people in the best of these misdeeds), and interact with people in the best
manner of disposition (i.e. adopt a noble character).”manner of disposition (i.e. adopt a noble character).”
((Hadith reported by Tabrani from Abi DzarHadith reported by Tabrani from Abi Dzar))
““Islam (submission to the Will of Allah) is built upon five .... “Islam (submission to the Will of Allah) is built upon five .... “
((Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.wHadith of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.).)
““Do not regard your duty in Do not regard your duty in ‘ibadat ‘ibadat as mere rituals, as mere rituals, for they are for your education and developmental for they are for your education and developmental program to become truly a Muslim”program to become truly a Muslim”
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Aspects of practices, when consistently performed definitely will Aspects of practices, when consistently performed definitely will
leave an indelible impression upon our disposition – sooner or later by leave an indelible impression upon our disposition – sooner or later by
Allah’s leave.Allah’s leave.
To hasten impact, doing an act with knowledge certainly is important. To hasten impact, doing an act with knowledge certainly is important.
Thus acts of devotions which in Islam constitute the essential programme Thus acts of devotions which in Islam constitute the essential programme
for every Muslim’s development. To merely see these aspects purely for every Muslim’s development. To merely see these aspects purely
from the “ from the “ do’s and don’t do’s and don’t ” alone ; or mere ritualistic perspective, would ” alone ; or mere ritualistic perspective, would
be incorrect.be incorrect.
Implicit in all the teaching on the practices is the development of Implicit in all the teaching on the practices is the development of
inner awareness and purity in the inner awareness and purity in the NafsNafs (Self), which would then form (Self), which would then form
that character (disposition) of a person who submits to Allah.that character (disposition) of a person who submits to Allah.
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There is always that inner dimension in the Muslims’ acts of worship , There is always that inner dimension in the Muslims’ acts of worship ,
the spiritual to what is seen as physical.the spiritual to what is seen as physical.
Why It begins with the physical aspects is because man’s inner Why It begins with the physical aspects is because man’s inner
spirituality is usually dimmed by our attraction to the physical and spirituality is usually dimmed by our attraction to the physical and
material outlook in life.material outlook in life.
The development favoured by Islam is for the achievement of a The development favoured by Islam is for the achievement of a
balanced growth, both physical and spiritual: for the material well-being balanced growth, both physical and spiritual: for the material well-being
in this world as well as, more importantly, the eternal happiness in the in this world as well as, more importantly, the eternal happiness in the
Hereafter – the place where our Hereafter – the place where our NAFSNAFS (Self) ultimately will be for (Self) ultimately will be for
eternity.eternity.
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We may taste the higher conditions (We may taste the higher conditions (HAALHAAL), but by our sincere ), but by our sincere
striving we hope Allah may grant us the success (striving we hope Allah may grant us the success (TaufiqTaufiq) to have ) to have
consistency (consistency (ISTIQOMAHISTIQOMAH) to be in this condition such that it becomes our ) to be in this condition such that it becomes our
permanent state or station (permanent state or station (MAQOMMAQOM).”).”
Thus, this basic condition Thus, this basic condition ((HAALHAAL) and state or station () and state or station (MAQOMMAQOM) – of ) – of
““ISLAMISLAM” OR the condition of “” OR the condition of “submission and obedience to Allah’s will submission and obedience to Allah’s will ” ”
must firstly be traversed first prior to attainment of the higher stations.must firstly be traversed first prior to attainment of the higher stations.
The condition of being Muslim is for all to begin with, whereas the The condition of being Muslim is for all to begin with, whereas the
subsequent stations are subsequent conferment or attainment of the subsequent stations are subsequent conferment or attainment of the
degree of nearness to Allah the highest being degree of nearness to Allah the highest being TAQWATAQWA..
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From the word root “From the word root “WAU-QAF-YAWAU-QAF-YA” - we have:” - we have:
“ “WI-QAA-YAWI-QAA-YA” meaning – “” meaning – “to safeguard; shelter; shield; to safeguard; shelter; shield;
take care from; precaution; avert; etc.take care from; precaution; avert; etc.””
Thus the implication is “Thus the implication is “to have regard or being conscious of Allah to have regard or being conscious of Allah
such that we are especially cautious (by safeguarding ourselves such that we are especially cautious (by safeguarding ourselves
and our deeds from all sins), so as not to incur His wrath and and our deeds from all sins), so as not to incur His wrath and
punishmentpunishment..””
TAQWATAQWA
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The usual translation into English is The usual translation into English is ‘reverential fear of Allah’‘reverential fear of Allah’, ,
which may convey some aspect of it, yet the full understanding of which may convey some aspect of it, yet the full understanding of
this term still evades many. I prefer to use term this term still evades many. I prefer to use term “the “the
‘‘consciousness of Allah’consciousness of Allah’, , which entails factors which lead to true which entails factors which lead to true
obedience to Allah s.w.t. and His Messenger Muhammad s.a.w. - obedience to Allah s.w.t. and His Messenger Muhammad s.a.w. -
obedience to what Allah has ordered and staying away from what obedience to what Allah has ordered and staying away from what
Allah forbade.Allah forbade.
TAQWATAQWA
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Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazalie rhmImam Abu Hamid al-Ghazalie rhm. [Ref: “al-Ghazalie – . [Ref: “al-Ghazalie –
Inner Dimensions of Islamic Worship”] has listed six Inner Dimensions of Islamic Worship”] has listed six
important qualities in ‘important qualities in ‘TaqwaTaqwa’ (consciousness of Allah):’ (consciousness of Allah):
TAQWATAQWA
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[1] AWARENESS[1] AWARENESS
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By conscious awareness we mean the state in which one’s By conscious awareness we mean the state in which one’s
mind and feelings are in no way distracted from what one is mind and feelings are in no way distracted from what one is
doing and saying. Perception is united with action and speech. doing and saying. Perception is united with action and speech.
Thoughts do not wonder. When the mind remains attentive to Thoughts do not wonder. When the mind remains attentive to
what one is doing, when one is whole-heartedly involved, and what one is doing, when one is whole-heartedly involved, and
when nothing makes one heedless, that is when one has when nothing makes one heedless, that is when one has
achieved conscious awareness.achieved conscious awareness.
[2] UNDERSTANDING[2] UNDERSTANDING
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Understanding the meaning of one’s words is something that Understanding the meaning of one’s words is something that
goes beyond awareness, for one may be conscious of making an goes beyond awareness, for one may be conscious of making an
utterance, yet not be aware of the meaning of that utterance. utterance, yet not be aware of the meaning of that utterance.
What we mean by understanding therefore is an awareness What we mean by understanding therefore is an awareness
that also include comprehension of the meaning of one’s that also include comprehension of the meaning of one’s
utterance. utterance.
People differ in this respect, not sharing a common People differ in this respect, not sharing a common
understanding of the Qur’an and the glorifications (we uttered).understanding of the Qur’an and the glorifications (we uttered).
[3] REVERENCE[3] REVERENCE
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As for reverence, this is something beyond both awareness As for reverence, this is something beyond both awareness
and understanding. A man may address his servant in full and understanding. A man may address his servant in full
awareness and understanding the meaning of his words, awareness and understanding the meaning of his words,
yet without reverence, for reverence is in additional yet without reverence, for reverence is in additional
element.element.
As for awe, it is over and above reverence. In fact, it represents a As for awe, it is over and above reverence. In fact, it represents a
kind of fear that grows out of the latter (i.e. reverence). Without kind of fear that grows out of the latter (i.e. reverence). Without
experiencing fear, one will not stand in awe. There is an ordinary experiencing fear, one will not stand in awe. There is an ordinary
fear of things we find repugnant, like scorpions or bad temper, fear of things we find repugnant, like scorpions or bad temper,
but this is not awe. What we called awe, is the kind of fear we but this is not awe. What we called awe, is the kind of fear we
have for a mighty king. Awe is the kind of fear induced by a have for a mighty king. Awe is the kind of fear induced by a
sense of majesty.sense of majesty.
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[4] AWE[4] AWE
[5] HOPE[5] HOPE
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As for hope, this is unquestionably something else again. There As for hope, this is unquestionably something else again. There
are many who revere one or other, and who are in awe of him or are many who revere one or other, and who are in awe of him or
afraid of his power, yet do not hope to be rewarded by him. In afraid of his power, yet do not hope to be rewarded by him. In
our prayers, however, we must hope for the reward of God, our prayers, however, we must hope for the reward of God,
Great and Glorious is He, just as we fear His punishment for our Great and Glorious is He, just as we fear His punishment for our
faults.faults.
[6] SHAME[6] SHAME
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As for shame, it is something additional to all the rest, for it As for shame, it is something additional to all the rest, for it
is based on the realization of one’s deficiencies and the is based on the realization of one’s deficiencies and the
apprehension of sin. It is quite possible to conceive of apprehension of sin. It is quite possible to conceive of
reverence, fear and hope, without this element of shame. reverence, fear and hope, without this element of shame.
In summary, In summary, TAQWATAQWA is that state of consciousness of Allah s.w.t. is that state of consciousness of Allah s.w.t.
with:with:
[1] AWARENESS[1] AWARENESS
[2] UNDERSTANDING[2] UNDERSTANDING
[3] REVERENCE[3] REVERENCE
[4] AWE[4] AWE
[5] HOPE [5] HOPE
[6] SHAME[6] SHAME
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MUSLIMMUSLIM
FIRST LEVEL TOWARDS STATE OF FIRST LEVEL TOWARDS STATE OF
TAQWATAQWAWITH ONE’S ACCEPTANCE OF WITH ONE’S ACCEPTANCE OF
AL-ISLAMAL-ISLAM
Submission
TASAWWUR ISLAMTASAWWUR ISLAM
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MUSLIMMUSLIM
LEVELS OF ATTAINMENTLEVELS OF ATTAINMENTTOWARDS STATE OF TOWARDS STATE OF
TAQWATAQWA
Submission
TASAWWUR ISLAMTASAWWUR ISLAM
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MUSLIMMUSLIM
MU’MEENMU’MEEN
LEVELS OF ATTAINMENTLEVELS OF ATTAINMENTTOWARDS STATE OF TOWARDS STATE OF
TAQWATAQWA
Believer
Submission
TASAWWUR ISLAMTASAWWUR ISLAM
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MUSLIMMUSLIM
MU’MEENMU’MEEN
MUMUHHSEENSEEN
LEVELS OF ATTAINMENTLEVELS OF ATTAINMENTTOWARDS STATE OF TOWARDS STATE OF
TAQWATAQWA
Believer
Submission
Best or righteous conduct
TASAWWUR ISLAMTASAWWUR ISLAM
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MUSLIMMUSLIM
MU’MEENMU’MEEN
MUMUHHSEENSEEN
MUKHLISWEEN
LEVELS OF ATTAINMENTLEVELS OF ATTAINMENTTOWARDS STATE OF TOWARDS STATE OF
TAQWATAQWA
Believer
Submission
Best or righteous conduct
Sincerity
TASAWWUR ISLAMTASAWWUR ISLAM
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MUSLIMMUSLIM
MU’MEENMU’MEEN
MUMUHHSEENSEEN
MUKHLISWEEN
MUTTAQEENMUTTAQEENLEVELS OF ATTAINMENTLEVELS OF ATTAINMENTTOWARDS STATE OF TOWARDS STATE OF
TAQWATAQWA
Believer
Submission
Best or righteous conduct
Sincerity
God-consciousness or Piety
TASAWWUR ISLAMTASAWWUR ISLAM
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http://oyoubelievers.blogspot.com/
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