academy conference 2010 ipv6 survival kit
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© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicIPv6 & Packet Tracer 1
Academy Conference 2010 IPv6 Survival Kit
Dr. Jim Bergquist jbergquist@lcsc.org Lakes Country Service CooperativeAugust 2010
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 2© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 Survival Kit Session Goals Brief overview of IPv6 topics to build confidence in
configuring IPv6 Explore ways in which IPv4 and IPv6 can coexist on
devices Use Packet Tracer to build, configure and troubleshoot
a simple IPv6 network Take away knowledge, tips and resources for effectively
adding IPv6 content to Discovery 4 and Exploration 4 Provide your students with fun and interesting facts
about this important protocol
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 3© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
A big “Thank you” to …
Michael McKeever, Computer Networking and Security Instructor, Santa Rosa Junior College, Petaluma, CA
Dallas Shiroma, Manager of Emerging Technologies, Pacific Center for Advanced Technology Training, Honolulu, HI
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 4© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Visualizing the IPv6 Address Space
… and other fun stuff
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 5© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Earth drawing credit: http://flickr.com/photos/ontdesign/http://search.creativecommons.org/
Visualizing the IPv6 Address Space
Assign one IPv6 address per grain of sand
How many grains of sand would be needed to use all IPv6 addresses?
Fill Earth-sized containers with the sand
128 bit addresses2 128 is a very large number
Fill here
HollowEarth-sizedcontainerSand
Grain
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 6© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Visualizing the IPv6 Address SpaceThe filled Earth-sized containers would make 20 circles around the outer orbit of our solar system (Pluto)
Our Solar System
Blue dots are Earth- sized containers
Based on image from public image gallery at
http://www.eso.org/
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 7© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Features Enhanced by IPv6
Address autoconfigurationPlug and Play networking with wide variety of devices
Connectivity to roaming mobile devices Built-in Security – Security is easier Better reliability through multihoming hosts More efficient route aggregation Simpler packet header Many devices and apps already support IPv6
See Chapter 7 of Exploration, Accessing the WAN,Chapter 6 of Discovery, Designing and Supporting Computer Networks
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 8© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 Address Format, Types and Scopes
Just what we need to know
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 9© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 Address Format
128 bits separated into eight blocks of 16 bits, as hex:FC00:00D3:0000:2F00:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5A
In each 16-bit block, leading zeros may be removed:FC00:00D3:0000:0000:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5AFC00:D3:0:0:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A
Adjacent zeroes can be compressed (once):FC00:D3::2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 10© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Prefix Length, Allocation of Bits Example: 2001:DB8:0:2F00:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A/64 Prefix length (number of network bits) is 64 Same notation as CIDR in IPv4, no subnet masks 16 subnet bits, (/49 to /64) given to a site – 65,535 LANs! Usually 64 bits are used for hosts in IPv6
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 11© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Types of IPv6 Addresses Unicast (one to one) Also:
Multicast (one to many) Loopback (0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1) Anycast (one to “nearest,” not widely used)
No broadcasts in IPv6
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 12© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Unicast IPv6 Address Scopes Link-local addresses—only on single link, not routed
FE80 prefix
Unique-local addresses—routed within private networkFC00 prefix
Global unicast addresses—globally routable2001 prefix currently being issued64 bit host portion
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 13© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 Address Assignment
Often, it does the work for us
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 14© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 Stateless Autoconfiguration
Host automatically configures its own link-local address
With link-local address, a host discovers connected routers to obtain a global prefix
A host then builds its own global unicast address
Static assignments are also possible
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 15© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Stateless Autoconfiguration Process Uses MAC Address
00 90 27 FF FE 17 FC 0F
FF FE
00 90 27 17 FC 0F
00 90 27 17 FC 0F
000000U0 Where U=1 = Unique0 = Not Unique
02 90 27 FF FE 17 FC 0F
U = 1
48 bit MAC Address
64 bits become part of IPv6 address
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 16© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Router(config)#ipv6 unicast-routingRouter(config)#int fa0/1Router(config-if)#ipv6 addr 2001:db8::/64 eui-64Router(config-if)#ipv6 enableRouter(config-if)#no shut
Stateless AutoconfigurationOnly the network part of the address is suppliedin the ipv6 address command
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 17© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Stateless AutoconfigurationRouter’s fa0/1 interface generates its link-local address and global unicast address
Router#sho ipv6 int briFastEthernet0/0 [administratively down/down]FastEthernet0/1 [up/up] FE80::201:42FF:FE44:3C02 2001:DB8::201:42FF:FE44:3C02
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 18© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Good Practice in IPv6 Addressing
Hosts should have globally routable addresses created with stateless autoconfiguration
Use 2001 prefixUse /64 eui-64 to create them
Serial links between routers should not use globally routable addresses
Use FC00 prefix and static addressingUse a prefix length /64However, the prefix length could also be, for example, /112
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 19© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Good Practice in IPv6 AddressingStatic addresses between routersStateless autoconfiguration for hosts
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 20© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Commands for Students to Compare
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 21© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Commands for Students to Compare
show ip interface brief show ipv6 interface briefshow ip route show ipv6 routeshow ip protocols show ipv6 protocols
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 22© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Ping Command for IPv6
Cisco routers, Packet Tracer routers and Packet Tracer PCs use ping
Windows XP uses ping6 Packet Tracer PCs and Windows XP uses ipv6config
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 23© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
ConfiguringIPv6 RIP
Differs slightly from RIP for IPv4
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 24© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Global Commands
Router(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing (enable IPv6)
Router(config)#ipv6 router rip CIRCUS (define a routing process called CIRCUS)
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 25© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Interface Commands- Auto ConfigRouter(config)#int fa0/0Router(config-if)#ipv6 enableRouter(config-if)#ipv6 addr
2001:db8:2:3::/64 eui-64Router(config-if)#ipv6 rip CIRCUS enableRouter(config-if)#no shut
The router is now configured with IPv6 RIP on fa0/0Repeat for other involved interfacesEnsure that the PCs are set for Auto Config in the Config Tab
The IPv4 network command is not used
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 26© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv4 and IPv6 Co-existence
Configuring Dual Stack
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 27© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Dual Stack Example
Dual stack means configuring IPv4 and IPv6 on router interfaces and PCs
No special router commands neededWorks on any router that supports IPv6
Main tasks:Configure IPv4 and IPv6 addresseson appropriate interfaces
Enable RIP and IPv6 RIP routing protocols (or OSPF and OSPFv3)Note: The IPv4 and IPv6 routing tables are separate
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 28© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
PC0 is a Dual Stack Host Ping from an IPv4 host to PC0
Destination
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 29© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
PC0 is a Dual Stack Host Ping from an IPv6 host to PC0
Destination
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 30© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv4 Routing Table, Router1Router1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, …<output omitted>
Gateway of last resort is not set R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.5.2, 00:00:04, Serial0/0/1
C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0C 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1R 192.168.7.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.4.1, 00:00:05, Serial0/0/0
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 31© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 Routing Table, Router1Router1#sho ipv6 routeIPv6 Routing Table - 6 entriesCodes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP
C 2001:DB8:0:1::/64 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0
L 2001:DB8:0:1:202:16FF:FE53:4601/128 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0
R 2001:DB8:0:7::/64 [120/1] via FE80::2D0:BCFF:FEAB:6681, Serial0/0/0
C FC00:0:0:1::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/0L FC00:0:0:1::2/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/0L FF00::/8 [0/0] via ::, Null0
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 32© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Configuring Dual Stack - Lab
Open this lab with Packet Tracer 5.3 Work with a neighbor on questions that arise
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 33© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
ICMPv6 Packet Type Numbers
You can look at packet details with Packet Tracer
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 34© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Some ICMPv6 Type Numbers
Router Advertisement(Neighbor Discovery)- 134
Specific to IPv6Sent periodically to neighbors
v6 Echo Request (ping)- 128Compare with v4: Type 8
v6 Echo Reply (ping)- 129Compare with v4: Type 0
Activity: Use Packet Tracer in Simulation modeClick a packet to see type number
Type 134
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 35© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 Modeling in Packet Tracer
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 36© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 Modeling in Packet Tracer
In PT, click Help. In browser, click Modeling, Layer 3 IP Addressing topics
Click Modeling, Routing IPv6 routing protocols
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 37© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Links to Additional Information
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 38© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Additional Information
“IPv6” (go to)General IPv6 information, FAQ, links
go6, (“The IPv6 portal”) (go to)Upcoming events, blog, wiki, newsletter, member area
IPv6 Task Force (“The IPv6 Portal”) (go to)Introduction, news, pressroom, RSS, IPv6 Guide, and Portal
The IPv6 Forum (go to)Events, news, book recommendations, government news, competitions, and an “IPv4 Exhaustion Counter”!
Portals, Forums, information sites
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 39© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Additional Information
IETF RFC repository (go to)Find an RFC if you know its number
networksorcery.com list of IPv6 RFCs (go to)Excellent searchable list, including obsoleted RFCs
Microsoft IPv6 implementation (go to)RFCs used to implement IPv6 in Windows 2003 Server and XP
Useful RFCs and lists
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 40© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Additional Information Introduction to IPv6 – Why IPv6? (go to)
Overview and In-depth sections
Cisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference (go to)Excellent source for learning and troubleshooting
List of RFCs for IPv6 (go to)Useful for understanding Cisco IPv6 implementations
A description of address types IPv6 Introduction video podcast by Darrel Root
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 41© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Related Academy Conference Sessions
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 42© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Related Academy ConferenceSession Material
IPv6 and Packet Tracer, Dr. Jim Bergquist, 2009 Getting Ready for IPv6, Dr. Ron Kovac and graduate
students, 2010 IPv6 Survival Kit, Julian Carranza, 2010 IPv6 Survival Kit, Michael McKeever, 2010
Will include a lab for configuring NetLabs
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 43© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
List of Activities in IPv6 and Packet Tracer
Stateless AutoconfigurationStateless Autoconfig.pktBuild an IPv6 EUI-64 Address.doc (A separate activity)
IPv6 RIPIPv6 RIP.pkt
IPv6 OSPFIPv6 OSPF CCNP Lab 8-1.pkt
Comparing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 PacketsComparing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 Packet types.doc (and answers)ICMPv4 ICMPv6 packets.pkt
From 2009 conference
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 44© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
List of Activities in IPv6 and Packet Tracer Broken Networks
3 Router-IPv6 RIP-broken1.pktIPv6 RIP-broken2.pkt
Unconfigured NetworkUnconfigured.pkt (Configured.pkt included for reference)
Dual StackDual stack-both IPv6 and IPv4.pkt
Upgrade IOS for PT 2620XM to support IPv6Upgrading IOS of Packet Tracer 2620XM router.docUpgrading IOS of Packet Tracer 2620XM router_ANSWERS.docNo pkt file
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 45© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Obtaining Conference Materials
Go to https://cisco.webex.com/meet/kalderso Click the Files tab Select the + to expand the “2009USAcadConf” folder, OR Select the + to expand the “2010USAcadConf” folder
(It will be posted after completion of all conferences)
Download the files you want
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 46© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Obtaining Conference Materials
Login to the 2010 Virtual Academy Conference In the Resource Room, session materials are posted
for each conference separately
Another method, for 2010 materials
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 47© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Topics Not Covered Here …
… but check the additional resources I’ve referenced
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 48© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Topics Covered in Other Resources
Why IPv6, and why not NAT? Time frame for implementation Details of the parts of the address Special addresses Type and scope of addresses Details of packet header Neighbor discovery
See the links to resources and additional information
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 49© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Topics Covered in Other Resources
IPv6 ACLs Security with IPv6 Mobility with IPv6 IPv4 to IPv6 migration: dual stack, tunneling, translation Current deployment status of IPv6 Some IPv6 sites on internet Tunneling
See the links to resources and additional information
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 50© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Q & A
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 51© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 52© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 53© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
FAQ Area
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 54© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Where is IPv6 covered in Exploration?
Network Fundamentals6.3.6
Routing Protocols and Concepts1.1.3, 3.1.1, 5.1.1, 10.2.3, 11.1.1, 11.7.1
LAN Switching and Wirelessno coverage
Accessing the WAN7.0.1, 7.3, 7.5.1
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 55© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Where is IPv6 covered in Discovery?
Networking for Home and Small BusinessesNo coverage
Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP4.1.6
Introducing Routing and Switching in the Enterprise5.2.1
Designing and Supporting Computer Networks6.3
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 56© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
What are the “Documentation” Addresses? Addresses within 2001:db8::/32 range should be used
only in examples given in documentation for networking scenarios or tutorials
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 57© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Does BGP Support IPv6?
The current version of BGP is BGP4 BGP4 does support IPv6 See http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-idr-bgp4-ipv6-01
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 58© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
What IOS do I need to run IPv6? You need 12.0(21)T, or later, or 12.2(2)T or later To find out when a command was introduced, see the
Cisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference (go to). Locate the command. The listing will show when it was introduced
Also see Cisco IOS Software Release Specifics for IPv6 Features (go to)
The Packet Tracer 2620XM router does not support IPv6 unless you upgrade the IOS image
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 59© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
How many IPv6 addresses can I configure?
Router#show run (part of output)
interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ipv6 address 2001:1:1::/64 eui-64 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:2::1/112 ipv6 address FC00:1:3::1/112 ipv6 address FC00:1:4::1/112
Example, of IPv4 address and four IPv6 addresses, in addition to link-local address (not shown)
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 60© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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