a picture of poverty in horry county april 24, 2014
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A Picture of Poverty in Horry County
April 24, 2014
Notes on Data and Sources
▪ Unless otherwise specified, all data contained in this presentation was taken from the U.S. Census Bureau and the American Community Survey (ACS)
▪ ACS estimates are from 2012, the last full year’s data available at the county level as of 4/25/2014.
▪ Because ACS data are meant to bridge the gaps between census years and are gathered annually, estimates used here are based on the previous 12 months. Thus the ACS 2012 estimates measure poverty in the previous 12 months (2012 calendar year) only.
▪ In measures of race, “White” includes respondents identifying as “Hispanic”
What is Poverty? General Definition:
1. Shortage of commodities or basic needs: food, clothing, shelter
2. Lack of access to education and employment
3. Deprived of goods and services that other members of society take for granted
How Do We Measure Poverty?
▪ 1964: Mollie Orshansky developed measure based on assumption that families spend 1/3 of income for food– In other words, (3 * amount spent on food) = poverty line
▪ What counts as income?– Pre-tax earnings– Social insurance benefits– Cash from public assistance– Pension or retirement incomes– Interest, dividends, royalties, rents, trusts– Educational assistance– Alimony and child support
▪ Increased every year for inflation
What is Poverty? U.S. Specific, Official Definition
Poverty in the United States
Poverty in South Carolina
All persons
18.3%(18.0 – 18.6)
Children (aged 0 – 17)
26.8%(26 – 27.6)
Poverty in Horry County
All persons
19.6%(17.98 – 21.3)
Children (aged 0 – 17)
32.5%(28.7 – 36.3)
1989 1999 20100
5
10
15
20
25
South Carolina
Horry County
Relative Poverty Over Time
Relative Poverty by County
County All Persons
Children
Horry 19.6% 32.5%
Georgetown
19.8% 35.0%
Florence 20.0% 29.1%
Darlington 25.3% 34.7%
Marion 26.0% 44.3%
NeighborsCounty All
PersonsChildren
Dorchester 11.4% 16.9%
York 13.0 17.2
Beaufort 13.1 22.1
Berkeley 13.8 20.9
Lexington 14.6 21.4
Top 5 (least poverty)
County All Persons
Children
Bamberg 29.2% 40.3%
Lee 29.8 40.1
Clarendon 30.0 44.8
Williamsburg 30.9 41.7
Allendale 41.1 50.6
Bottom 5 (most poverty)
Relative Poverty by County
Floyd’s Crossroad
s
Loris
Longs
Little River
Myrtle Beach
Conway East
Conway
Aynor
Poverty by County Subdivision
Why are the Poor Poor?
Social Explanations
▪ Culture of poverty and difficult mobility– Generational problem;
way-of-life
– Rooted in indifference, alienation, apathy, irresponsibility
▪ Family structure
▪ Discrimination
Economic Explanations
▪ Barriers to work (transportation, child
care, substance abuse, domestic instability)
▪ Low productivity– Human capital theory: knowledge, skills,
training, work habits, abilities appropriate to the prevailing economy (e.g., deindustrialization via W.J. Wilson)
▪ Economic stagnation (i.e., no job/wage growth)
▪ Spatial mismatch
Horry County: Poverty by Family Status
PERCENTAGE OF FAMILIES AND PEOPLE WHOSE INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS IS BELOW THE POVERTY LEVEL
All families 11.6%
With related children under 18 years 21.6%
With related children under 5 years only 24.9%
Married couple families 5.1%
With related children under 18 years 8.9%
With related children under 5 years only 7.9%
Families with female householder, no husband present 34.7%
With related children under 18 years 43.7%
With related children under 5 years only 51.9%
Horry County: Poverty By Race (White and Black only)
72%
28%
Poverty by Race
WhiteBlack
15%
85%
Poverty - White only
poornonpoor
38%
63%
Poverty - Black only
poornonpoor
Horry County: Educational Attainment
30%
34%
28%
7%
Educational Attainment of those in Poverty
Less than High SchoolHigh SchoolSome CollegeCollege plus
32.3% 16.1% 11.5% 5.0%
67.7% 83.9% 88.5% 95.0%
Poverty by Educational Attainment
poor nonpoor
Horry County: Poverty and Employment Status
40.7%Of those living below the poverty
line in Horry County are employed
12.8%Of those living below the poverty
line in Horry County are unemployed
46.0%Of those living below the poverty
line in Horry County are not in the labor
force
Horry County: Poverty and Employment Status
15.6%Of married family
households below the poverty line had at least one partner working full time
48.2%Of married family
households below the poverty line had both partners
working at least part-time
61.8%Of single female-headed households below the poverty
line had mom working at least part-time
Horry County: Wages/Earnings and Job Quality?
MEDIAN EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2012 Inflation adjusted Dollars)
Less than high school graduate 16,659
High school graduate (includes equivalency) 22,041
Some college or associate's degree 27,226
Bachelor's degree 37,081
Graduate or professional degree 49,880
Horry
County
median
approx.
$42K
A few other interesting statistics…
34.8%
of the poor in Horry County had no health insurance coverage in 2011 – 2012 (not even Medicaid or Medicare)
34.3%of veterans aged 18 – 54 in Horry County are poor
40.1% The average portion of income a low-income to working poor family
spends on child care each month
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