8th grade ch. 5 sec. 4 noninfectious diseases

Objectives:1.What causes allergies?2.How does diabetes affect the body?3.What are the effects of cancer on the body?

noninfectious diseases• not spread from person to person

• not caused from microorganisms

• examples:

1. allergies

2. diabetes

3. cancer

1. allergy1. allergy• immune immune system system overly overly sensitive to sensitive to foreign foreign substancesubstance

allergen•substance that causes allergy

examples of allergens

pollenpet danderpet dander

Pet dander are tiny flakes of dead skin from family pets. It can cause sneezing, congestion, even asthma. These flakes can be airborne, but more often nestle into carpets and furniture.

histamine• chemical responsible for allergy

symptoms:

–sneezing

–watery eyes

asthma• respiratory passages narrow significantly

• can be caused by inhaling allergens

• pancreas fails to make enough insulin or body’s cells can’t use it properly

• high levels of glucose in blood

• glucose excreted in urine-body cells do not have enough glucose

2.

insulin

• chemical that enables body cells to take in glucose from blood & use it for energy

2 formsof diabetes

Type 1 Type 2

begins in childhoodor early

adulthood

more serious form

develops during

adulthood

• cells multiply uncontrollably

• destroys healthy tissue

3. cancer

oral cancer

causes of cancer1. inherited characteristics

(heredity)

2.environmental factors

3.carcinogens• tar• UV light

cancer treatments

surgery drugs radiation

Before and after cancer surgery

chemotherapy

radiation therapy

radiation therapy

cancer prevention

avoid tobacco

protect skin from sunlight

low fat diet

regularmedical

checkups

fruits &

vegetables