3d data capture

Dan Collins

Professor of Intermedia

Arizona State University

Create an original pattern and scan the image

Create the image entirely on the computer

PRISM Lab, ASU Artist credit: Rinus Roelofs

Mechanical Digitizing (Single Point Digitizer)

3D Laser Digitizing (Cyberware M15, RGB3030,)

3D Optical Digitizing -stereophotogrammetary (3Q, photomodeler)

Geo Sensing Devices (Radar, LIDAR, LandSAT)

Synthetic Data (CAD) Nano and Micro Scale

Imaging (SPM, Confocal)

Medical Diagnostics(MRI, Tomography)

FARO POINT SCANNER

CYBERWARE M15 LASER

LASER ARM Q-PLUS LABS

ZCORP 700 HANDHELD

ROLAND DESKTOP SCANNERS

PICO SCANNERThis 3d scanner uses a standard Canon DSLR camera combined with a Pico projector mounted on the hot shoe that projects a structured light pattern that is interpreted by software from different angles to deliver both surface geometry and RGB

David Laser Scanning

http://www.david-laserscanner.com/

DIY Laser Scanninghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPywgDBjM1Y

3D Scanning with Kinecthttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BjB-glQzNes

3D Scanning with Kinect (2)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CqemWwtKgkI

Using a standard DSLR camera, one can create a 3D model from multiple photographs. This is one of 50 images taken from multiple angles.

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

Software generates model from images taken from many camera positions. Each white camera below indicates the actual position from which a photograph was taken.

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

3D mesh of scene created from 2D photographs. Note strip of photos at base of image.

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

123D Catch model exported as .obj to Geomagic for final polygon repair and diagnosis.

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

Watertight .dxf model exported from Geomagic to RhinoCAM for CNC milling.

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

Simulation of CNC milling (roughing stage)

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

Simulation of CNC milling (roughing stage complete)

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

Simulation of CNC milling (final smoothing stage nearly complete)

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

Method of creating sculpture from multiple layers (76 layers, each 3.175 mm thick)

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

Method of creating sculpture from multiple stacked layers (111 layers, each 1.59 mm thick)

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

Method of creating sculpture from 693 stacked layers (layers are .010 inches or .25 mm thick)

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

Method of creating sculpture from multiple intersecting planes

Sculpture courtesy Wang Xian Gang

Next Engine 3D Scanner This 3d scanner uses laser light to capture both surface geometry and RGB color. Like Cyberware, the object is rotated through a “stripe” of laser light and delivers both geometry and RGB color.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bssjToihGVU

Courtesy of Q-plus Labs

CENTROID's Digitizing will automatically copy any 2D or 3D contour and will automatically create the G code program to machine the reproduction. Great for reproducing machinery Cams, Molds, Plugs, Cylinder head combustion chambers, EDM electrodes, and any free form shape.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IcVv1So1n_8&feature=related

Roland MDX – 40

The machine in our lab converts from a “touch probe” digitizer to a very fine CNC mill. You can “capture” 3D data then turn around and mill out the resulting geometry.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPmp-IkyNcE

This unique approach projects a random light pattern on a person and captures a 3-D image in two thousandths of a second with synchronized digital cameras arranged around the subject at precise angles. By calculating the displacement of the light patterns, the subject's exact surface geometry and accurate surface texture map are built in seconds and then fused mathematically.

For further information visit the 3DMD website at: http://www.3dmd.com

For info on dynamic 3D scanning: http://www.3dmd.com/4d/

Image-based Scanning with Digital Cameras

• Development of algorithms for representation, extraction, segmentation, query and matching of 3D facial shapes for authentication.

• Novel approach took advantage of the 3rd dimension to greatly increase accuracy and reliability of the data.

• Researchers examined face geometry and curvature to analyze facial features that are invariant to expressions and other changes such as facial hair.

• The project involved capturing, creating, and archiving of over 1500 faces in 3D.

• Supported by a 3 year grant from the National Science Foundation.

Dr. Anshuman Razdan (left) standing next to the 3Q Scanner with a candidate for face scan.

To the right is sample data derived from mesh.

3DMD

Cyberware full body scanner

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VOrkZOX2ufk&feature=related

Full Body Security Scanning

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h398qoUFGGM

MRI Scanning

Blood Vessel with Aneurysm, 2009 (illustration by Don Vance)

Image at left is original CT scan with dimensions. Models at right are simulations of same rapid prototyped blood vessel set into fixture for casting in resin and simulation of finished clear resin model.

CT Scanning

SLA of red blood cell

1999 the State institute for the Care of Historical Monuments in Prague with the support of the Czech Ministry of Culture began a long-term project, monitoring the Charles Bridge sculptures.

The Charles Bridge, dating from the 14th century, is not only a significant historical monument, but also a gallery of baroque sculpture.

The sculptures and sculpture groups are affected by degradation and the original objects are being gradually replaced by copies.

Non-destructive measuring methods, including a detailed photo documentation was used. To actually get the 3D form, the "flat pictures" can not give enough information. Therefore an accurate digitizing was needed, producing data which can easily be archived, compared and used for making a replica if needed.

The 6 meter high sandstone sculpture of Saint Vojtech by the 18th c. sculptor Ferdinand Maxmilian Brokoff was the first element to be digitized.

The Czech company, MCAE, utilized the optical measuring systems TRITOP and ATOS from GOM.

Two integrated systems were used:

• ATOS is an optical measuring machine based on the principle of triangulation. Projected fringe patterns are observed with two digital cameras. 3D coordinates for each camera pixel are calculated with high precision, and a polygon mesh of the object’s surface is generated.

• TRITOP is a photogrammetry system that measures the exact position of physical markers placed on the object.

Procedure:

• The markers are placed on the object and some coded markers and one or two scale bars are added.

• Images are taken with the digital camera from different positions.

• Clouds of points from the ATOS system were registered into the predefined grid of marker points defined by TRITOP.

• Evaluation software defines the exact 3D position of the center of the markers on the object.

The final full 3D model has been produced as a rapid prototype sculpture by the Czech company, MCAE.

• Long range 3D laser scanning data courtesy GEFOS, CZ was first read into RapidForm software (.ptx format).

• Modular model created in Maya from single arch data

• Data triangulated and refined in Geomagic.

• Final .stl file output as rapid prototyping model using Dimension BST rapid prototyping system from MCAE, CZ.

This project focuses on digital preservation and non-destructive analysis of ancestral puebloan architecture in the southwest United States. For over 100 years, research within archaeological districts such as the World Heritage site at Mesa Verde has provided valuable origin and cultural information to the current day Native American cultures, the scientific community, and the general public.  The project, in partnership with the National Park Service at Mesa Verde and discipline specialists at the Center for Southwest Studies at Fort Lewis College and Arizona State University, builds upon that significant research through the use of non-invasive laser scanning technologies and development of research tools to digitally preserve and analyze ancestral puebloan architecture and associated artifacts.

Mensi LIDAR at Mesa Verde, Colorado

• Long range LEICA 3D laser scanning courtesy Scott Cedarleaf (USA).

• Reflective targets used for registering multiple scans

• Data triangulated and refined with Leica/Cyclone software.

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• Long range LEICA 3D laser scanning courtesy Scott Cedarleaf and CyArk (USA).

• Reflective targets used for registering multiple scans

• Data triangulated and refined with Leica/Cyclone software.

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More LIDAR

LIDAR: “light detection and ranging” for long range 3D laser scanning.

Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from USGS is used to create 3D terrain model for simulated landscape. TerraGen used to mimic atmospheric and textural effects of actual photo at lower left.

How to create a scientific visualizationAJ Christensen from NCSA's Advanced Visualization Laboratory describes the process the group goes through to transform scientific data into data-driven visualizations for IMAX films, planetarium shows, and documentaries.