2013 enterprise track, building gis, decision support, and location intelligence applications using...
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Turning Big Data into Change You Can See GIS, Decision Support, Monitoring and Evaluation
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Building GIS, Decision Support, and Location Intelligence Applications Using
Open Source Tools
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Turning Data into Actionable Information
Where the Industry was Yesterday
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Where the Industry is Today
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Where the Industry is Headed
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Where the Industry is Headed
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How to build Location Intelligence Applications
Open source now allows us to build industry specific geospatial applications with: • Enhanced spatial analytics • Intelligently aggregate and analyze data from
multiple sources – NO DATA SILOS!
Improve information exchange! TerraFrame 2013© 7
Commercial vs. Open Source GIS Software Commercial GIS Software • Is powerful, mature, but, generic (one size fits all) • Requires a GIS professional to use • Is difficult to build industry specific applications • Is very expensive
Commercial vendors cannot meet the wide demand for industry specific GIS applications
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Commercial vs. Open Source GIS Software Open Source Tools • Have traditionally been software developer toolkits and
not standalone applications • Require software developers to heavily customize • Are more modular for building industry specific
applications Open source software enables us to build industry specific applications for less cost than commercial tools and without any reoccurring licensing fees
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Open Source Tool Landscape
• PostGIS – Geospatial database • GeoServer – Mapping server • OpenLayers – Web mapping front end
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The Case for Open Source • Open standards historically:
– Lead to breakthroughs in information exchange
– Encourage technological innovation – Enrich the masses
• Closed standards historically: – Are understood by an educated elite – Hinder information exchange – Enrich an elite class
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Critical Components to Interoperability
• Compatible
– Data Format – Data Structure – Content Semantics
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Phaistos Disc – 1,700 BC
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Compatible Phaistos Chinese Gutenberg
Data Format Yes Yes Yes
Data Structure/Language
No Not Quite Yes
Semantics No No No
Comparing Movable Type Technologies
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Compatible Commercial Tools
Open Source
Data Format Yes Yes
Data Structure/Language
No No
Semantics No No
GIS Tools
Introduction to Ontologies
• Formally represents knowledge as a set of concepts within a domain
• Used in artificial intelligence • Allows software to make human-like inferences from
data • Ideal for semantic conflict resolution • Can enhance spatial reasoning
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Ontologies
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Subject Object Predicate
Ontologies
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Nathan Person Is a Living
Being Is a
Name Coordinates Nathan POINT <X,Y>
Person Record
Ontologies
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Mapping Attributes with the Ontology
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Mapping Values with the Ontology
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Ontologies
• Describes a domain (e.g. medical)
• Stores relationships – e.g. “is-a”, “has-a”
• Provides knowledge representation about the domain
• Captures human knowledge into machine representation, enables automated reasoning
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Ontologies
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Compatible
Commercial Tools
Open Source Ontologies
Data Format Yes Yes No
Data Structure No No Yes
Semantics No No Yes
Architecting a Location Intelligence Application
It’s the Metadata, Stupid!
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Geo-Universals – Boundary Classifications
TerraFrame 2010©
State Country City Is Allowed In Is Allowed In
Geo-Ontologies
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Colorado
USA
Is Located In Name Coordinates USA MULTI POLYGON<….> Colorado POLYGON <….>
Geoentity
Geo-Universals GeoEntities
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Geo-Ontologies
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Geo-Ontology
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Enhance spatial reasoning by representing locations as an object node graph
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Creating Multi-Thematic Maps with Open Source Tools
Traditional Architecture
Application/Data Source
•Custom Application
•Web Service •MS Access, SQL
Server, PostGIS
Data Conversion
•Shapefile •Excel •CSV •KML, GeoJSON,
etc.
GIS Stack
•ESRI software suite
•GeoServer •Map Server •Quantum GIS
Integrated Architecture
Application Stack
Client
Server
GIS Stack
OpenLayers
GeoServer
PostGIS
The GIS Stack (OpenLayers + GeoServer + PostGIS)
OpenLayers
PostGIS
GeoServer
Client/Browser
JavaScript
HTTP Image
SQL Result Set
Render
Example: A WMS request for a layer defined in PostGIS
The Map Structure
Map
Layer 1
Layer 2
Layer N
A Standard Layer
Layer Data
Geometry
Attribute* Style
A Thematic Layer
Layer
Data
Style
Thematic Attribute Style
Modeling the Style
Style
• Polygon Fill • Polygon Width • Polygon Stroke • Polygon Opacity
• Point Size • Point Stroke • Point Opacity
• Label Size • Label Font • Label Opacity
• Layer Opacity • Text Placement
Generate the style from an intermediary object
SLD
KML
Carto
Automated Map Cycle
Initial Map Request
Generate the SQL and SLD
Create a new layer in GeoServer
Serialize the layer into JSON
Convert the layer JSON into JavaScript
Invoke OpenLayers and request the
layer
GeoServer renders an image (WMS)
OpenLayers places the image in the
DOM
*transactional
Runway SDKtm
• Open source enterprise data management platform – Dynamic type creation – Role based access control – Support for mobile
• Integrated ontology engine
Available now on GitHub under LGPL
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Runway GIStm
• Manages: – PostGIS – Geospatial database – GeoServer – Mapping server – OpenLayers – Web mapping front end
• Integrated GIS and location intelligence
Available soon on GitHub under LGPL
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Runway GeoDashboardtm
Available in early 2014 under LGPL TerraFrame 2013© 44
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Existing Closed Platforms
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