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1University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
2. Person-based evaluation of Transit Preferential Treatments (TPTs)
1.Farid, Y.Z., Christofa, E., and Collura, J. 2015. Person-Based Evaluation of Dedicated Bus Lanes and Queue Jumper Lanes at Signalized Intersections with Near-Side Bus Stops. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2484:182–192.
2.Farid, Y.Z., Christofa, E. , and Collura, J. 2014. A Person-based Evaluation of Transit Preferential Treatments on Signalized Arterials. Transportation Research Board 93rd Annual Meeting, 12–16 January, Washington, D.C., Paper No. 14-2995.
2University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Transit Preferential Treatments (TPTs)
Source: www.kehoe.org
Space Priority Strategies Time Priority Strategies
Source: www.tc.umn.edu
Source: www.mta.infoSource: Viegas, et al (2007)
Source: www.ottawa.ca
3University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Research Objective
Given the lack of a comprehensive person-based evaluation of TPTs :
• Develop an analytical model to investigate the impact of TPTs on person delay and person discharge flow when implemented individually and in combination at signalized intersections
4University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Analytical Model
Assumptions:• The analytical model accounts only for uniform delay
• Traffic operations follow the kinematic wave theory
• There is no platoon dispersion
ITS Technologies needed for real-world implementation: Automated Vehicle Location (AVL) Systems
Source: www.tc.umn.edu
5University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Analytical Model
6University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Phase Extension
Bus Stop
Time
Bus Trajectory
1
2
Bus Stop
Bus Stop
Distance
7University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Phase Extension
Time
Bus Trajectory
Phase Extension1
2
Bus Stop
Bus Stop
Distance
8University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Phase Extension
• Bus detectors upstream intersection
• TSP is activated when a bus can pass the intersection by 10 seconds green extension
9University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Queue Jumper Lane
Time-space diagram illustrating bus utilizing the queue jumper lane.
10University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Queue Jumper Lane
Time-space diagram illustrating bus not utilizing the queue jumper lane.
11University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Test Site: Four-intersection segment of San Pablo Avenue
144
961039
80115884
1179241112
502550
628838
6722489
278191105
210155380
23010555
Offset= 33 sec Offset= 19 sec Offset= 57 sec Offset= 4 sec
San Pablo Avenue
University Avenue Delaware Street Cedar Street Gilman Street
1983 ft. 1300 ft. 977 ft.
Z . H . 2552FS . 51B
72 . 72M . 72R
110
75770
39
104784101
148679 40
641219
11467
128070
1051255
5060
801
Bus Routes
Bus Stops
G
12University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Results: Percent Change in Person Delay
Analytical and Simulation Tests Results for the % Change in Person Delay of San Pablo Avenue Northbound Direction at the Intersection with Gilman Street
-80%
-70%
-60%
-50%
-40%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%QueueJumper
LaneAddition
ExistingGeometry
QueueJumper
LaneAddition
QueueJumper
LaneAddition
ExistingGeometry
QueueJumper
LaneAddition
No Green Extension With Green Extension No Green Extension With Green Extension
Analytical Model Mictosimulation Tests
% C
hang
e in
Per
son
Del
ay
Alternatives
Total Passengers Bus Passengers Auto Passengers
13University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Results: Person & Vehicle Discharge Flow Rate
Analytical and Simulation Tests Results for the Person Discharge Flow of San Pablo Avenue Northbound Direction at the Intersection with Gilman Street
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000Ex
istin
g C
ondi
tion
Que
ue Ju
mpe
r
Lane
Add
ition
Lane
Sub
stitu
tion
Exis
ting
Geo
met
ry
Que
ue Ju
mpe
r
Lane
Add
ition
Lane
Sub
stitu
tion
Exis
ting
Con
ditio
n
Que
ue Ju
mpe
r
Lane
Add
ition
Lane
Sub
stitu
tion
Exis
ting
Geo
met
ry
Que
ue Ju
mpe
r
Lane
Add
ition
Lane
Sub
stitu
tion
No Green Extension With Green Extension No Green Extension With Green Extension
Analytical Model Microsimulation Tests
Dis
char
ge F
low
Rat
e
Alternatives
Vehicle Discharge Flow (persons/hr) Person Discharge Flow (veh/hr)
14University of Massachusetts Transportation Center
Findings
The analytical model can be used to assess preferential treatments for various traffic volumes, bus frequencies, and signal timings
The proposed analytical model can be used to quantitatively assess the impact of space and time preferential treatments on person delay and person discharge flow.
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