1981 four fluoride - isfr - international society for ... dos scion- m~i~xios warren, michlgan...
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Pnrldont Prof. SS. Jolly, M.D.
Medical College Patiria, India
Vice President Dr. ac. med. J. Franb
Orthopedic Clinlc Martin-Luther-Unlvbnity
Halle, QDR, E. Q m a n y
2nd Vl- Pr#idont S.cntary-Tmawrmr Prof. J r c q u r Elsalr Qwrge L. Waldbott, M.D.
institut dos scion- M ~ I ~ X I O S Warren, Michlgan Alger, Algeria
ADVISORY BOARD
Prof. Q. Fradi, M.D. Prof. 0. W. Mlller, Ph. D. Utah State Universlty Institute of Occupational
Modiclne Logan, Utah
Prof. F. Plnet, Y.D. R h h , France
Univmlty of Paiermo, Italy
Prof. G. Haibwachs, Ph. D. institute of Botany
Vlonna, Austria
Prof. Dr. Q. Rownbuger Votdnary University
Hannovu, Wanany
A H. Siddiqui, M.D. Coon Raplds, Minnesota
J. V. Marhold, M.D., Ph. D. Roemarch institute for Organic Synthds
Prrdublca, CSSR
Prof. J. B. Patrick, Ph. D. Mary Baldwln College
Staunton, Virginia
Dr. 8c. mod. J. Frank8 Orthopedic Clinlc
Martin-LuthwUniwdty Halie, QDR
University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas
Prof. Ron6 Truhaut, Ph. D. Facult6 Do pharmacie
Prof. A W. Burgstahler, Ph. D.
Unlwsite do Paris, France
EDITORIAL BOARD
D. J. Ballantyne, Ph. D. University Victoria
Victoria, B.C.
MUDr. G. Balarova CSc. Research Institute for Hygiene
Bratislavr, Czechoslovakia
Federal Agric Research Statlon Llebefdd Bern, Switzerland
National Institute of Nutrltion
Dr. Ernest Bovay, Director
KAV.R Kdshnamachari, M.D.
Hyderabad, India
Prof. Q. Ndi Jmklns Unlv. of N.wustie Upon Tyne, England
J.ny Knchniak, Ph. D. Akdrmla Medyczna
Qda6sk. Poland
Prof. Dr. 0. Obe
M ln , DBR
Dr. Michael N. Egyed
Frolo Univcnsltat Berlin
Kimron Veterinary Institute Bdt Dagan, lsrad
H. Hanhljani, D. D. S. Korpiiahti, Finland
Dr. John A Cooke Sunderland Polytechnlc School of Pharmacy & Biology
Sunderland, England
Prof. Jacqum Eisair lnstitut do8 S c l e n ~ ~ Mbicales
Algr, Algaria
Prof. Frederick W. Odrme, D.V.M., Ph. D. Kansas State Unlverslty
Manhattan, Kansas
Prof. S.P.S’. Twtia, M.D. Medical College
Univ. of Moorut, India
Vol. Fourteen No. Four October, 1081 Pages 147-204
Quarterly Reports Issued by
THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR FLUORIDE RESEARCH
Editor 0. L Wa-.M.D. Warren, Michigan
Co-Editon A W Burastahlu, Ph. D.
Lawre-5ce, Kansas J. A Ykrnouyhnnis, Ph. D.
Delaware, Ohio
CONTENTS EDITORIAL
Urinary Fluoride and Fluoride Toxicity .....................
Chemical Profile of Human Serum in Fluoride Toxicity and Fluorosis: 1. Total Protein-Bound Carbohydrates, Seromucoid and Fluoride Levels - by A. K. Susheela, Y. D. Sharma, M. Jha, K. Rajyalakshmi and N. V. Rama Mohan Rao, New Delhi, India ................................................ 150-154
147-149
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Effect of Administration of Sodium Fluoride on Urinary Excre- tion of Tryptophan Metabolites - by F. Geeraerts, L. Schimp fessel and R. Crokaert, Brussels, Belgium .................
The Effects of Fluoride on Fish in Gabes Gulf - by G. Milhaud, L. El Bahri and A. Dridi, D’Alfort, France and Sidi Thabet, Tunisia .............................................. 161,-168
Fluoride Levels in Soil, Water, Plants and Cattle in the Darmous Zone of Morocco - by M. Kessabi and M. Amouzigh, Rabat- Agdal, Morocco. ...................................... 169-171
Industrial Fluorosis - by B. W. Carnow and S. A. Conibear, Chicago, Illinois ...................................... 172-181
155-160
SPECIAL REPORT Fluorosis: Geographical Pathology and Some Experimental
Findings - by A. A. Zahvoronkov, and L. S. Strochkova, MOSCOW, USSR ....................................... 182-191
ABSTRACTS Fluoride Content of Bone Samples in Dogs - by K. Loeffler, H.
Fluoride in Dogs - by K. Loeffler, C. Brosi, W. Oelschlager L.
Brehm, W. Oelschlager, H. Schenkel, and L. Freyler ......... 192
Feyler ................................................ 192-193
The Effect of Fluoride Intake on the Total Lipid, Cholesterol and Vitamin E Levels in Sera and Liver of Guinea Pigs on High Fat Diet - by G. T. Vatassery, R. H. Ophaug, and L. Singer, Min- neapolis,Minnesota ................................... 193
Fluoride-Induced Damage to Domestic Animals With Special Reference to Feeding and Productivity - by W. Oelschlager, E. Moser, L. Feyler and K. Loeffler, Stuttgart and Rheinfelden. ..
Fluoride Cycles in an Estuarine Ecosystem - by F. Murray,
194
Newcastle, N.S.W. .................................... 195
FLUORIDE BRIEFS ....................... : ............ .154,181,195
IN MEMORIUM - C. C. Gordon ............................. 196-197
The Twelfth Conference of the International Society for Fluoride Research will convene at the Hilton Hotel in St. Petersburg, Florida, May 16th to lath, 1982. Transportation from Tampa Airport to the Hilton is available. The rate per room for double occupancy is $50.00 or $25.00 per person.
The Program Committee is soliciting abstracts (up to 300 words) of papers to be presented at the conference dealing with any phase of fluoride research. Kindly send abstracts to the Society’s office, P.O. Box 692, Warren, Michigan 48090 prior to February 15, 1982
FLUORIDE b pubtishod quwhrly by THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR FLUORIDE RESEARCH, INC.,
MANUSCRIPTS f a p u b l i i o n should k submittad in Englii, doubk-rprrd with gwwwr margins R . f . m r r rhwld k arranged according to tho order in which thy aro cited in tho tact, and writton 8s follows: Author, titlo, joumrl. v d u n n , p.0.r and year. Each papor must contain a summary of not moro thn 12 lina
FLUORIDE is listed in Current Contents Agicultural Food and Veterinsry Sciences
Geeraerts et al. 159
Discussion
Fluoride appears in the blood as early as 10 minutes after inges- tion; its concentration reaches a maximum after 120 minutes (1). It was established by Margolis et al. (15) that at least 80% of the ingested fluoride is excreted in the urine within 24 hours. For this reason, and in order to measure accurately diuresis and daily creatinine excretion, 24-hour samples were collected.
The amount of fluoride given to the rats is fairly high but. in relation to the body weight, it is in the order of magnitude of fluoride intake in accidental intoxication in humans.
We have observed a decrease in the daily creatinine excretion dur- ing the NaF treatment. These results could confirm the lowering effect of fluoride on the basal metabolic rate (16). However, Ophaug et al. (17) did not notice such a decrease, but the doses of fluoride adminis- tered by these investigators were much lower than in our study.
The results of the present experiment concerning the influence of fluoride on tryptophan metabolism could suggest an alteration of an im- portant pathway of this amino acid: the serotonin pathway (Fig. 1). Du- ring fluoride intake, the urinary excretion of 5-hydroxytryptophan, sero- tonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid is less than 50% compared with the value obtained during the control period.
These results are in agreement with the suggestion of Rapaport (9) that fluoride might have an inhibitory effect on the serotonin pathway of tryptophan.
metabolism could be due to a decreased synthesis or to an impaired excretion of the metabolites studied. Further investigations on regulating enzymes and physiological functions involved could elucidate the action mechanism of fluorides on tryptophan metabolism.
The observed effect of sodium fluoride on tryptophan
The importance of the observed changes in the tryptophan metabolism is to be related to the metabolic activity of the tryptophan derivatives. Some of the endogenously produced metabolites of the tryptophan-nicotinic acid pathway are carcinogenic and serotpnin is known to have multiple ac- tivities (neurotransmitter, vasoconstrictor, psychotropic drugs, etc. ) (18). Consequently some of the modifications observed in the general me- tabolism and the physiological state in cases of fluoride poisoning could be correlated with the changes in tryptophan metabolism.
Bibliography
1. Ekstrand, J., Koch, G., and Petersson, L.G.: Plasma Fluoride Concen-
Caries Res. 14: 185-189, 1980. 2. Hoffman, R., Mann, J., Calderone, J., Trumbull, J., and Burkhart, M.:
tration and Urinary Fluoride Excretion Following Application of Fluoride-Containing Varnish DuraphatR.
Acute Fluoride Poisoning in a New Mexico Elementary School. Pediatrics 65:897-900, 1980.
the
FLUORIDE
162 F- i n F i s h
F igure 1
mined by t h e s t u d i e s by Darmoul (2) on t h e f l u o r i a e conraminat ion of t h e t a te r a long t h e beach and on t h e i n f r a l i t t o r a l area (Fig. 1). The wa- ter samples c o l l e c t e d 1.5 m o f f t h e beach showed high f l u o r i d e concen- t r a t i o n s : 250 t o 300 ppm c l o s e t o t h e e f f l u e n t , 70 ppm a t 700 m, 35 ppm a t 2 km with phenomena of d i l u t i o n a t t h e mouths of t h e oueds. Inf ra - l i t t o r a l waters, beyond 200 m from t h e beach, can be d iv ided i n t o 4 areas s e p a r a t e d by f l u o r i d e i s o c o n c e n t r a t i o n l i n e s : 3 mg/l areas A-B; 1 .3 mg/l areas B-C; 1 mg/l areas C-D (Fig. 1).
The f i s h w e r e c o l l e c t e d i n December 1979 a t f o u r d i f f e r e n t sites, s i te 1,200 m south of t h e e f f l u e n t , 100 m from t h e shore , 5 m deep; s i t e 11,2300 m s o u t h of t h e e f f l u e n t from t h e s h o r e , 0.4 m deep; s i t e II1,half-way between t h e two p i e r s of t h e commercial and f i s h i n g harbors , about 3 Ian from t h e shore , 6 m deep; s i t e I V , l O O m from t h e n o r t h p i e r of t h e commercial harbor , 5-6 m deep (F ig . 1). A t t h a t d a t e , on ly I .C.M. I and 11 were i n opera t ion . Work a t S.A.E.P.A. w a s o f f i c i a l l y s t a r t e d on January 4, 1980. As c o n t r o l samples, f i s h were caught i n Tunis bay, 25 m from Gammarth beach, 1 m deep, i n February 1980.
a t t h e mouth of Jara oued, 10 m
Immediately a f t e r being c o l l e c t e d , t h e f i s h ( e s s e n t i a l l y m u l l e t s , o b l a d s and corbs) were i d e n t i f i e d , a f t e r which - w i t h i n 24 hours - they were deep-frozen and r e f r i g e r a t e d a t -18°C i n p l a s t i c bags. During a
Volume 14 Number 4 October 1981
199
Author's Index
Merad, R.: 21-29 Meunier, P.J.: 101 Milhaud, G.: 161-168 Millers, A.: 41 Moll, E.: 143 Norman, M.R. : 128 Moser, E.: 194 Mower, M.M.: 146 Murray, P.: 195
Nagchaudhuri, J.: 86-90 Norris, C.: 95, 141 Nowacki, C.: 61-68
Oelschlager, W.: 192, 193, 194 Olkkonen, 8.: ,144 Ophaug, R.H.: 3, 145, 193 Orzechowski, V.: 101 Orzechowska-Juzwenko, K.: 101
Patel, V.K.: 129-131 Pearson, D.E.: 42 Pohl, L.R.: 181
Pool, M.P.: 41 Polo, B.: 102-107
Pospulka, W.: 61-68
Rajyalkshmi, K.: 150-154
Ramana Rao, J.V.: 115-118 Rao, S.H.: 94
Rebel, A.: 46 Reddy, D.R.: 94-95 Reddy, X.V.R.R.: 94-95 Reggabi, M.: 21-29 Reider, R.: 146 Renier, J.R.: 46 Ri-chuan, Bao: 91-93 Runge, H. : 14-21 Rupert, G.: 143
Salomon, J.: 146
Schenkel, H.: 192 Schifli, H.H.: 96 Schimpfessel, L. : 155-160 Sesikeran, B.: 94 Shahed, A.R.: 41 Sharma, Y.D.: 150-154 Singer, L.: 3, 93, 145, 193'
Rama, N.V.: 150-154
Ray, S.K.: 86-90
Smjlo, D.: 112-114
Singh, M.: 107-112, 132-141 Singh, R.K.: 69-74 Skolarczyk, A. : 10-13, 61-68 Spencer, H.: 95, 141 Stephen, K.W.: 42-43 Strochkova, L.S . : 182-191 Susheela, A.K.: 150-154 S z w z y k , S. : 10-13
Tango, W.J.: 41 Teotia, M.: 69-74 Teotia, S.P.S.: 69-74 Tiwari, I . C . : 86-90
Uslu, B.: 38-41
Venkatakrishna-Bhatt, H . : 129-131 Vatassery, G.H.: 193
Wiatrowski, E.: 95, 141 Wei, S.H.Y.: 143 mite, D.A.: 44 Whitford, G . M . : 42 Worley, R.J.: 154
Zahvoronkov, A.A.: 182-191 Zan-dao, Wei: 91-93 Ziegelbecker, R.: 123-128
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