1781-1789 articles of confederation. structure united states began as a confederation “a firm...
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1781-1789
Articles of Confederation
Structure
United States began as a confederation“A Firm League of Friendship” with a weak
national governmentEach state retained “its sovereignty, freedom
and independence.”Unicameral CongressOne vote per stateNo judiciary, No executive
States handled these functions
Powers of Congress
War and peaceAmbassadorsTreatiesBorrow moneySettle disputes between the states
State obligations
Obey CongressProvide $ and troopsFull faith and creditFair treatment of citizens
Privileges and immunities
Allow open trade and travelSubmit disputes to Congress
Challenges for the Government
Debt from the RevolutionWestward ExpansionAlliancesBritish presence in North America and
Spanish in present day CA and FL
Weaknesses?
The writers of the Articles of Confederation were reluctant to give new government powers they had just denied to Parliament.
No power to tax = no revenue (had to ASK states)
No power to regulate or promote interstate commerce
Lacked both executive and judicial authority9/13 to exercise power13/13 to amend the ArticlesState size not reflected in Congressional vote
Strengths
Peace Treaty with G. Britain Land and recognition
Cabinet precedent Foreign affairs, war and treasury
Northwest Ordinance Fair development of lands west of Appalachians and
new states Support for public education
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