1 maximizing effectiveness using positive behavior support methods in the classroom: self-management
Post on 19-Dec-2015
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Maximizing Effectiveness Using Positive Behavior Support Methods in the Classroom:
Self-Management
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Objectives Understand the importance of self
management Understand ways to help students
manage their own behavior Understand various tools used for
self management techniques
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What is Self-Management? Student awareness of challenging
behavior Student observes and tracks
performance
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Self-Management: Description Students are given a recording form and
instructed to mark down each time a specific behavior occurs
Disruptive behaviors generally decrease and appropriate behaviors increase
Good self-monitoring systems have well defined behaviors, are easy to use, and consist of rewards for appropriate behavior
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Self-Management: Purpose Increase students’ awareness
of their performance of specific behavior (positive and/or negative)
Allow students to take responsibility and control for own behavior and delivery of reinforcement
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Individual Student Tracking…
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Self-Monitoring Steps
1. Identify Behavior2. Self-monitoring Schedule3. Self-monitoring Form4. Begin to Rate Student5. Teach the Student6. Begin Intervention7. Supply Rewards
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Step 1: Identify Behavior Challenging behavior or academic
concern Define in observable terms Effective system for talk-outs, off-
task behavior, classroom rules, etc…
Identify alternative behavior to teach State positive alternative
behavior to increase Identify how and when student
will track new alternative behavior
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Step 2: Self-Monitoring Schedule
Individually determined Teacher best judge of
probable frequency Keep frequency times in
specific times (i.e., math time)
Short frequency counts are harder
Suggestion: Subdivide academic periods into equal intervals
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Step 3: Self-Monitoring Form
Select an appropriate self-monitoring form
Should be easy to use List appropriate goals
at top Well-defined behaviors Specific goals
List item ratings below
Consider age of child
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Step 4: Begin to Rate Student
Collect baseline data
Use student’s self-monitoring sheet
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Step 5: Teach the Student Review behavior
definition and baseline data
Describe and teach self-monitoring procedure
Allow practice opportunities for teacher/student rating agreement
Trial period Determine
reinforcement and criteria
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Step 6: Begin Intervention Ask student to rate own behavior at end
of each chosen rating interval Continue to rate student’s behavior Compare two ratings
Within 1 point--student earns points More than 1 point difference--student loses
points Exact agreement--earn point PLUS bonus
points
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Step 7: Supply Reward(s)
•Self monitoring only changes behavior temporarily
•It is important to have a contingency plan and gradually withdraw over time
•Goal is to TEACH appropriate skills in conjunction with self-monitoring system
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Whole Class Tracking…
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Whole Class Self-Monitoring Adaptation of individual self-
monitoring techniques developed to increase self-control in all students
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Why Whole Class Self-Monitoring Helps prevent the problem of
targeting specific students Model students also benefit from
learning self-control Classroom structures that develop
from self-monitoring benefit all students
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Suggestions for Whole Class Self-Monitoring Adjust class schedule if necessary Decide on a cue (i.e., timer) Design a flexible and simple tracking
sheet Begin the program Teach and model appropriate
behaviors Plan for extinction (i.e., graduation)
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Challenges, Solutions, and Helpful Hints…
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Challenges to Self-Monitoring Student may refuse to self-monitor
the behavior Student keeps missing occurrences
of the behavior to record Dishonest recording of behavior
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Possible Solutions Offer the student an incentive or reward for
using the program appropriately (i.e., classroom privilege)
If the behavior is missed, point it out to the student and prompt him/her to record it.
Check the definition of the behavior Make sure the definition is specific If necessary, model for the student If totals do not match closely (determine
criteria ahead of time) then a reward will be missed
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Fading to Self-Monitoring
Fade frequency of comparison of ratings Continue to record ratings at end of each
interval Comparing ratings drops from 100% to 0
Lengthen rating interval Fade frequency of receiving backup
reinforcement Stretch out time period between when points
earned and when exchanged for backup rewards
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Helpful Hints… Avoid any other conduct systems at the same time Rules and consequences should be maintained Praise honesty in self-reporting Never change a mark a student has given him/herself Teach and model appropriate behaviors Allow students to model appropriate behaviors to
peers Gradually increase time/frequency Work towards extinction Make a big deal about extinction Let parents know what is going on Give the system time to work
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Self-Monitoring Tools…..
Example:
Individual Student Recording Sheet
Example:
Weekly Summary Sheet
Example:
Individual and/or Whole Class Recording Sheet
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