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PENGUATAN PERAN
INDONESIA DALAM AGENDA
PEMBANGUNAN G20
TAHUN 2016
Direktorat
Kerjasama Pembangunan
Internasional (KPI)
Bandung, 18 Februari 2016
1
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OUTLINE
Overview Agenda Pembangunan G20
Best Practices
Implementasi Agenda Pembangunan G20
Lessons Learned bagi Indonesia
2
I
II
III
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OVERVIEWAGENDA PEMBANGUNAN G20
3
I
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MANDAT AGENDA PEMBANGUNAN DI G204
Deklarasi Toronto, Juni 2010
“ Narrowing the development gap and reducing poverty are integral to our broader objective of achieving strong, sustainable and balanced growth (SSBG) and ensuring a more robust and resilient global economy for all ”
Development Working Group (DWG)
KTT Korea, November 2010
Pemimpin negara-negara G20 mengadopsi
Seoul Development Consensus for Shared
Growth, dan the 2010 Multi-Year Action
Plan on Development (MYAP)
“ 9 PILLARS ” OF THE 2010 SEOUL MYAP
1) Infrastructure
2) Food Security & Nutrition (FSN)
3) Financial Inclusion & Remittances
4) Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM)
5) Human Resource Development (HRD)
6) Growth with Resilience
7) Private Investment and Job Creation
8) Trade
9) Knowledge Sharing
10) Inclusive Green Growth (IGG)
G20
Development
Principles
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PERKEMBANGAN AGENDA PEMBANGUNAN PRIORITAS DI G20 DWG5
MYAP establishment
1. Infrastructure
2. Human Resource Development (HRD)
3. Trade
4. Private Investment and Job Creation
5. Food Security
6. Growth with Resilience
7. Financial Inclusion
8. Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM)
9. Knowledge Sharing
1. Infrastructure2. Food Security
3. HRD4. Trade5. Private
Investment and Job Creation
6. Growth with Resilience
7. Financial Inclusion
8. DRM9. Knowledge
Sharing
TRACK I 1. Infrastructure2. Food Security3. Inclusive
Green Growth (IGG)
TRACK II1. HRD2. Trade3. Private
Investment & Job Creation
4. Growth with Resilience
5. Financial Inclusion
6. DRM7. Knowledge
Sharing
1. Food Security2. Financial Inclusion
and Remittances3. Infrastructure4. HRD5. DRM
ST. PETERSBURG DEVELOPMENT
OUTLOOK
6. Accountability7. Post-2015
1. Infrastructure
2. FSN
3. Financial Inclusion and Remittances
4. HRD
5. DRM
BRISBANE DEVELOPMENT
UPDATE
PRIMARY FOCUS:Enhancing the integration of Low-Income and Developing and countries (LIDCs) into the world economy through concrete and growth-oriented actions
PARTICULAR FOCUS:1. Infrastructure2. Financial
Inclusion and Remittances (FIR)
3. DRM4. FSN5. HRD6. Inclusive
Business (IB)
ANTALYA DEVELOPMENT
ROADMAP
1. Contribution to the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
2. Enhancing Coordination and Policy Coherence with other G20 Work Streams“ ACTION IMPACT SECTORS ” DRM FSN HRD Infrastructure FIR
3. Comprehensive Accountability Report (CAR)
4. Supporting Industrialization in African and Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
5. Inclusive Business (IB)
G20 DWGMulti-Year Action Plan (MYAP)
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BEST PRACTICES
IMPLEMENTASI
AGENDA
PEMBANGUNAN G20
6
II
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DOMESTIC RESOURCE MOBILIZATION (DRM)7
Practical toolkits Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) action plan for LIDCs tax incentives; transfer pricing; tax treaty negotiation, etc
1
Automatic Exchange of Information for tax purposes (AEOI) Roadmap and Piloting Philippines restructured EOI Unit in 2013 with assistance from Global Forum. In 2014 Philippines recovered >
US$ 1 million in just 2 cases as result of EOI with treaty partners In 2013, South African Revenue Service collected US$ 62.24 million through a settlement from 1 taxpayer. EOI
process played a determining role in the collection of tax > 90 countries have committed to fight tax evasions in 2017 & 2018 through AEOI. (Indonesia 2018)
2
Strengthening Tax Capacity to ensure LIDCs can participate and take benefit Tax Inspectors Without Borders (TIWB) give assistance to build tax audit capacity in LIDCs
• Significant increase in tax revenue (from US$ 3.3 million in 2011 to 33.20 million in 2014) by assisting transfer pricing audits in Colombia
• Every $ spent on assisting the tax authorities on cracking down on tax avoidance helped to produce over US$ 1000 in increased revenues in Kenya
3
Tax Fairness
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INFRASTRUCTURE8
Assessment of Project Preparation Facilities for Infrastructure in Africa and Asia
Diagnostic and analytical studies PPP Infrascope interactive index that evaluates countries’ capacity to
sustainably develop and implement PPP in transport, water, sanitation and electricity sector
Platforms and forums (i) Global Infrastructure Facility (GIF) to ensure well-structured and bankable
infrastructure projects are brought to market, concentration on finance options and structures that are able to
attract a wide range of private investors; and (ii) Global Infrastructure Hub (GIH) to address data gaps, lower
barriers to investment, increase availability of investment-ready projects, help match potential investors with
projects and improve policy delivery
Toolkits, checklists and other Instruments Policy Indicators on the Enabling Environment for Infrastructure
Investment; Prioritization of Infrastructure Projects
Reduce infrastructure gaps, obstacles to infrastructure investment, develop project pipelines, improve capacity and
facilitate increased finance for infrastructure investment in LIDCs
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FINANCIAL INCLUSION9
Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI) was launched in Seoul, Korea, on 10th December 2010 as “an
inclusive platform for G20, non-G20 countries and relevant stakeholders” to work on financial inclusion, including
implementation of the Financial Inclusion Action Plan (FIAP):
1) SME Finance
2) Regulation and Standard Setting Bodies co-chairs sub-group: Indonesia
3) Financial Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy
4) Markets and Payment Systems
SME Finance Compact to promote the development of innovative models and approaches to address the specific
challenges and constraints faced by LIDCs with regard to SME finance.
Financial inclusion is fundamental to: improving the livelihoods of the poor; supporting SMEs; driving job creation and inclusive sustained growth; and increasing resilience
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REMITTANCES10
7.37 %
Remittances could pull people out of poverty, develop home countries’ economic infrastructure & additional revenue streams.
Leveraging remittances to enhance financial inclusion, and underscores importance of maximizing its economic impact.
Reduce the average cost of transferring remittances to 5 %
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FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION (FSN)11
Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS) and Global Agricultural Monitoring Initiative (GEOGLAM) to improve transparency in agricultural markets
Tropical Agricultural Platform (TAP) to achieve coherence of capacity development and knowledge sharing to improve agricultural production and productivity in tropical countries and smallholders
AgResults aims to enhance food security and food safety, increase smallholder incomes and promote better health and nutrition in developing countries by stimulating private sector agricultural innovation
Pilot project of emergency humanitarian food reserve system through Economic Community of Western African States (ECOWAS).
Technical Platform for sharing information and experiences in measuring and reducing food loss and waste (FLW)
1) Increase responsible investment in food systems
2) Increase incomes and quality employment in food systems
3) Increase productivity sustainably to expand the food supply
3 Multi-year Priority Objectives of G20 FSN agenda
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HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (HRD)12
Knowledge Sharing Platform (KSP) shares good practices on HRD to help guide development of robust training systems
World Indicators of Skills for Employment (WISE) provide support to LIDCs to develop skills strategies to better match skills and training to labor market demand. It contains 64 indicators in 5 broad areas: contextual factors; skill acquisition; skill requirements; skill mismatch; and economic & social outcomes
1) Better skills for employment in LICs
2) Improved job quality and occupational safety and health standards (OSH)
3) More inclusive labor markets and reduced inequalities, in particular for youth and women
4) Better understanding how enhancing national labor mobility can boost growth and employment
4 Outcomes DWG Action Plan on HRD
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GROWTH WITH RESILIENCE13
The first UN Global Pulse Lab in Jakarta, Indonesia, October 2012 In 2010, the G20 committed to supporting
developing countries to strengthen and enhance social protection programs
G20 has since supported initiatives, including the launch of the first Global Pulse Lab in Jakarta was established through a partnership between UN, Australia and Bappenas in late 2012.
The first innovation lab of its kind in Asia, Pulse Lab Jakarta brings together experts from UN agencies, GOI, NGO and private sectors to research and most importantly facilitate the adoption of new approaches for applying new, digital data sources and real-time analysis techniques to social development.
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LESSONS
LEARNED BAGI
INDONESIA
14
III
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PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI NASIONAL15
Agenda DRM sebagai alternatif sumber
penerimaan perpajakan nasional untuk mencapai
tax to GDP ratio 16 % yang akan bermanfaat
sebagai salah satu modal dalam pembangunan13,1 %
1
Agenda penurunan biaya remitansi sebagai salah
satu bentuk perlindungan pekerja migran, sumber
pembiayaan pembangunan, dan devisa bagi negara
2
Agenda infrastruktur di G20 telah menghasilkan
beberapa inisiatif seperti GIH, GIF, dll, yang
diharapkan dapat menjawab kebutuhan dalam
penyiapan maupun pendanaan proyek
infrastruktur domestik
3
• Tersebar ± 4 juta TKI, dan menyumbang devisa
berupa remitansi sebesar US$ 8,34 milyar
• Penurunan biaya rata-rata pengiriman remitansi keIndonesia sebagai receiving market, yaitu 8,31 % (Q-I 2009) menjadi 6,77 % (Q-IV 2015)
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MENDORONG PENINGKATAN DAN PERBAIKAN KEBIJAKAN DI DALAM NEGERI16
Reformasi perpajakan secara komprehensif, dan
penegakan hukum bagi penyelundup pajak (tax
evasion)
1
Perbaikan bidang infrastruktur: persiapan proyek
infrastruktur, iklim investasi, regulasi, pemanfaatan
PPP, termasuk creative financing
2
• Perumusan beberapa BEPS Action Plan dalam regulasi
domestik, seperti: transfer pricing, dll
• First exchange implementasi AEOI di tahun 2018
Peningkatan akses, edukasi dan literasi keuangan,
bagi kelompok rentan, wanita, pemuda dan pekerja
migran, termasuk pengembangan pembiayaan
UMKM
3
Sistem pertanian berkelanjutan dengan beragam
pangan sehat dan produk bernilai tambah tinggi
untuk kedaulatan pangan dan kesejahteraan petani,
dengan data yang baik
4
Penyiapan kapasitas SDM yang kompetitif dalam
pasar internasional
5
• Financial Inclusion Action Plan (FIAP)
• National Remittance Plan mendorong penggunaan Postal
Office Network sebagai RSP termurah (5,88 %)
• Layanan Keuangan Digital (LKD)
• Strategi Nasional Keuangan Inklusif (SNKI)
• PPP Infrascope
• Policy Indicator
• Prioritization Toolkits
• World Indicators of Skills for Employment (WISE)
• Knowledge Sharing Platform (KSP)
• Occupational Safety and Health standards (OSH)
• Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
• Technical Platform to reduce food loss and waste (FLW)
• G20 Action Plan on Food Security and Sustainable Food
Systems
Pengentasan kemiskinan melalui pelibatan
masyarakat base of economic pyramid (BOP) dalam
kerangka kebijakan inclusive business
6
• Global Platform on Inclusive Business (GPIB)
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BERPERAN DALAM DESIGN, AGENDA SETTING,
IMPLEMENTATION GLOBAL POLICIES
17
Sebagai satu-satunya negara ASEAN di forum G20,
Indonesia dapat berperan aktif dalam upaya reformasi
tata kelola ekonomi dan mengurangi gap dalam
pembangunan global
Koordinasi dan koherensi kebijakan antara anggota
G20, workstreams, IOs, dan stakeholders kunci lainnya
dalam mendukung pemulihan ekonomi dan menjaga
terciptanya sistem perekonomian global yang kuat,
berkelanjutan, dan seimbang, serta inklusif
Peningkatan peran dan inisiatif strategis Indonesia di
G20 untuk memperjuangkan kepentingan Indonesia
dan LIDCs, seperti pengembangan BEPS, AEOI, GPFI,
AMIS, dll, termasuk implementasi Agenda
Pembangunan Berkelanjutan 2030
Posisi dan diplomasi di G20 perlu dimanfaatkan
sebaik-baiknya dalam memperkuat kepentingan
ekonomi nasional
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TEMA, TARGET DAN PRIORITAS G20 DI PRESIDENSI TIONGKOK 2016 18
1) G20 Contribution to the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
2) Enhancing Coordination and Policy Coherence with other G20 Work Streams (ACTION IMPACT SECTORS) FSN; DRM; HRD;
Infrastructure; FIR
3) Comprehensive Accountability Report (CAR)
4) Supporting Industrialization in African and Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
5) Inclusive Business (IB)
“ Towards an INNOVATIVE, INVIGORATED, INTERCONNECTED and INCLUSIVE World Economy ” 4 I’s
Breaking a New Path for Growth
1. Short-term Dimension: Maintaining the momentum of world economic recovery
2. Mid-to-Long Term Dimension: Lifting growth potential
More Effective and Efficient Global Economic and Financial Governance
1. Improving international financial architecture to meet future challenges
2. Continuing financial sector reforms
3. Improving international tax regime on equal footing framework
4. Developing green investment
5. Global energy governance
6. Implementing consensus on anti-corruption
Robust International Trade and Investment
1. Strengthening G20 Trade and Investment Mechanism
2. Promoting Global Trade Growth
3. Supporting the Multilateral Trading System (MTS)
4. Promoting Global Investment Policy Cooperation and Coordination
5. Promoting Inclusive and Coordinated Global Value Chains
Inclusive and Interconnected D E V E L O P M E N T
Action-Oriented G20 Out-Reaching G20 World-Embracing G20
1 2 3 4
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KONTRIBUSI IMPLEMENTASI AGENDA PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN 2030 19
Pada KTT G20 di Antalya Turki, pemimpin negara-negaraG20 telah berkomitmen untuk berkontribusi dalamimplementasi Agenda Pembangunan Berkelanjutan 2030, diantaranya adalah Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Hal ini juga menjadi agenda prioritas Presidensi Tiongkok2016 yang mempersiapkan “national action plan” dan“collective action plan” sebagai kontribusi dan keselarasanaksi G20 dalam mendukung pencapaian SDGs.
Infrastructure1
Financial Inclusion and Remittances2
Food Security and Nutrition (FSN)3
Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM)4
Human Resource Development (HRD)5
Inclusive Business6
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PENUTUP 20
Optimalisasi pemanfaatan inisiatif –inisiatif maupun rencana aksi di G20 yang
strategis bagi agenda, kepentingan, kesejahteraan Indonesia dan LIDCs dengan
pertimbangan aspek: economic, political, technical, tactical, innovation,
motivational, hingga reputation
3 hal yang ditekankan Presiden Joko Widodo terhadap keterlibatan
Indonesia dalam forum-forum internasional seperti G20
What do we need?Apa yang kita butuhkan dalam keterlibatan Indonesia padaforum G20?
1
What are the benefits for us?Apa manfaat yang dapat kita ambil melalui keterlibatanIndonesia pada forum G20?
2
How to get the benefits?Bagaimana cara mendapatkan manfaat tersebut bagiIndonesia?
3
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TERIMA KASIH
21
Referensi Beberapa Bacaan Agenda Pembangunan G20 (1/2) 22
# Judul Dokumen Link Website
I. Bahan Utama:
1 G20 Antalya Leaders’ Summit Communiqué http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/G20-Antalya-Leaders-Summit-Communiqu--.pdf
2 Fact Sheet on the G20 Antalya Summit Outcomes http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Fact-Sheet-on-the-G20-Antalya-Summit-Outcomes.pdf
3 Antalya Action Plan http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Antalya-Action-Plan.pdf
4 G20 and Low Income Developing Countries Framework http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/G20-and-Low-Income-Developing-Countries-Framework1.pdf
5 Antalya Development Roadmap: “Inclusive Growth and Development” http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Inclusive-Growth-and-Development-Antalya-Development-Roadmap.pdf
6 DWG 2015 Annual Progress Report http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/DWG-2015-Annual-Progress-Report.pdf
II. Infrastructure:
7 Report on Stock-Taking of Selected Policy Indicators on the Enabling Environment for Infrastructure Investment
http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Report-on-Stock-Taking-of-Selected-Policy-Indicators-on-the-Enabling-Environment-for-Infrastructure-Investment.pdf
8 MDB Presentation on Evaluating Readiness and Capacity for Infrastructure Public Private Partnerships
http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/MDB-Presentation-on-Evaluating-Readiness-and-Capacity-for-Infrastructure-Public-Private-Partnerships.pdf
9 PPP Guidelines – Infrastructure Prioitization Toolkit http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/PPP-Guidelines-Infrastructure-Prioitization-Toolkit.docx
10 Paper on MDB Common Approaches to Supporting Infrastucture Development http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Paper-on-MDB-Common-Approaches-to-Supporting-Infrastucture-Development.pdf
11 Report on Risk and Return Characteristics of Infrastructure Investment in Low Income Countries
http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Report-on-Risk-and-Return-Characteristics-of-Infrastructure-Investment-in-Low-Income-Countries.pdf
III. Financial Inclusion and Remittances:
12 High-Level Statement on Remittances http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/High-Level-Statement-on-Remittances.pdf
13 National Remittance Plan 2015 – Indonesia http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Indonesia.pdf
14 GPFI Progress Report 2015 http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/GPFI-Progress-Report2015.pdf
15 G20 Joint Action Plan on SME Financing http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/G20-Joint-Action-Plan-on-SME-Financing.pdf
Sumber: Resources Current Presidency (Turkish Presidency), G20 official websitehttp://g20.org.tr/resources/current-presidency/
23
# Judul Dokumen Link Website
IV. Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM):
16 Report on Options For Low Income Countries’ Effective and Efficient Use of Tax Incentives for Investment
http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Report-on-Options-For-Low-Income-Countries-Effective-and-Efficient-Use-of-Tax-Incentives-for-Investment.pdf
17 Scoping Paper for a Practical Toolkit on Comparables Data http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Scoping-Paper-for-a-Practical-Toolkit-on-Comparables-Data.pdf
18 Concept Note on the Report on Issues Arising from the Indirect Transfer of Assets http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Concept-Note-on-the-Report-on-Issues-Arising-from-the-Indirect-Transfer-of-Assets.pdf
19 Call to Action for Strengthening Tax Capacity in Developing Countries http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Call-to-Action-for-Strengthening-Tax-Capacity-in-Developing-Countries.pdf
V. Food Security and Nutrition (FSN):
20 G20 Action Plan on Food Security and Sustainable Food Systems http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/G20-Action-Plan-on-Food-Security-and-Sustainable-Food-Systems.pdf
21 Implementation Plan of the G20 Food Security and Nutrition Framework http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Implementation-Plan-of-the-G20-Food-Security-and-Nutrition-Framework.pdf
22 Communique G20 Agriculture Ministers Meeting Istanbul http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Communique-G20-Agriculture-Ministers-Meeting-Istanbul.pdf
VI. Human Resource Development (HRD)
23 A Multi-Year Framework for Policy Coherence and Coordination on Human Resource Development
http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/A-Multi-Year-Framework-for-Policy-Coherence-and-Coordination-on-Human-Resource-Development.pdf
VII. Inclusive Business (IB):
24 G20 Leaders’ Call on Inclusive Business http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/G20-Leaders-Call-on-Inclusive-Business.pdf
25 G20 Inclusive Business Framework http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/G20-Inclusive-Business-Framework.pdf
26 Annexes of the G20 Inclusive Business Framework http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Annexes-of-the-G20-Inclusive-Business-Framework.pdf
27 Concept Note on the G20 Global Platform on Inclusive Business http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Concept-Note-on-the-G20-Global-Platform-on-Inclusive-Business.pdf
VIII. Bahan Pendukung Lainnya:
28 G20 Energy Access Action Plan http://g20.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/G20-Energy-Access-Action-Plan.pdf
Sumber: Resources Current Presidency (Turkish Presidency), G20 official websitehttp://g20.org.tr/resources/current-presidency/
Referensi Beberapa Bacaan Agenda Pembangunan G20 (2/2)
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