08 - knoll
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Southwire Entergy HTS Cable Project
David KnollProject Manager
HTS Cable Systems
Eigth Annual EPRI Superconductivity Conference
Oak Ridge, TN
November 12-13, 2008
Erik Guillot
Project ManagerTransmission EMCC
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Project Partners
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Project Specs
Cable Design HTS TriaxTM - Superconducting
Length 1760 meters (1.1 miles)
Voltage 13.8 kV
Load 48 MVA
Cooling Single Point, Closed Cycle
Splices 2 (Cable Sections = 3)
In-Service Date 1Q2011
Cooling Plant13.8 kV, 2.0 kA (48 MVA) Triax HTS Cable
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Project Location
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Cable Route
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Project Overview:Replace Copper HV Transmission with HTS MV Distribution
Problem:
Saturated 13 kV distribution anticipate high load growth
230/13 subs to north & south of area - Need new sub at mid-point
Challenges:
OH RoW for 230 or 13 kV very difficult or impossible
Small footprint available for new substation
230 kV solution: placing transformer in dense residential area.
13 kV conventional: Voltage drop, power quality
Solution:
13 kV HTS cable to transmit 48 MVA into small footprint station.
1.1 mile HTS cable that meets load growth needs.
Leverage existing transformer capacity No new transformers needed
Single point cooling station.
13 kV HTS replaces 230 kV underground. Cost effective with DOE support.
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Southwire - HTS TriaxTM 2000A Cable
Cryostat
Former Phase 1 HTS
Phase 2 HTS
Dielectric
Phase 3 HTS
Copper Neutral
LN
LN
HTS TriaxTMAdvantage vs Competition:
1. HTS tape usage = substantially cheaper
2. Single Cable = simplified mfg & installation
3. Smaller cold surface area = lower cooling & operating cost
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Southwire Triax Cable Termination
3 Phase Connections
Neutral Connection
- Provides transition from
superconducting materials to
copper materials.- Thermal transition from 200 C to
ambient temperature
- Controls electrical stresses.
- Provides input and/or output
location for LN coolant.- Provisions made for temperature
and pressure measurements and
monitoring.
- Electrical connections to utility
made by means of industry
standard NEMA pad.
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Cable Installation
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On Going Effort - HTS Tape Options
1G BSCCO vs 2G YBCO
Mechanical testing Compatibility with cabling process
Electrical Properties Ic, n-Value, AC Loss
Magnetic Properties Piece Lengths
Wire availability
Per meter costs
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On Going Effort Cable Configuration
1G 2GComposite 1
1G
Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Spare
1G 2G2G 1G
1G 1G
2G2G
1G
1G 1G
2G 2G
Composite 2
All 1G
All 2G
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On Going Thermal / Hydraulic Analysis
Former, RT
Heater - Qknown
Insulation RT
Heater - Qknown
Insulation RT
Heater - Qknown
Insulation RT
Cryostat WallLN2
LN2
Temp
Sensors
THERMAL MODEL
Former, RT
HTS AC Loss, RT
Insulation RT
HTS AC Loss, RT
Insulation RT
HTS AC Loss, RT
Insulation RT
Cryostat WallLN2
LN2
CABLE ASSEMBLY
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
0 500 1000 1500 2000
L [m]
T
[K]
Annulus
Former
Tmax
Ph1
Ph2Ph3
Neutral
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On Going Effort Cryogenic System Design
~ 10kW cooling required
Closed loop cooling system
Cryocooler Options
Pulse Tube
Sterling Cycle Brayton Cycle
RFPs out after AC Loss study
System supplier will performdetailed system design
Heat Exchanger
Closed Cycle
n
HTS Cable
Back-up
Open Cycle
21
Cryocooler Bank
LN2
Tank
Sub-Cooled LN2
Counter Flow Cooling
Out = thru former
In = thru annulus
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Previous Experience AEP, Columbus, OH
AEP-Bixby
200 meters8/2006 to present
13.2 kV, 3.0 kA,
Triax Cable
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5 DAY Bixby Peak Load August 2007
Peak Load = 2,715 A
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
0:00:00 0:00:00 0:00:00 0:00:00 0:00:00
Curre
nt(Amps)
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Neutral
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AEP Data Fault Currents
07/11/2008
01:24:20.500
07/11/2008
01:24:27.425
No measurable thermal response in
HTS cable or terminations.
Transient event: I 3.0 kA (2,121 A-rms)
74 total events
39 events with >4,242 A-pk (3,000 A-rms)
19 events with >5,657 A-pk (4,000 A-rms)
13 events with >7,071 A-pk (5,000 A-rms)
7 events with >14,142 A-pk (10,000 A-rms)
Highest current = 17,765 Apk (222
milliseconds)
Longest duration = 1.785 seconds (5209Apk, 3683 Arms)
HTS cable never taken out of service.
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