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Unit 5- Russia

Analyze natural resources of Russia and understand why and where they come from.

Answer and analyze all questions of geographic history of Russian landforms, vegetation, and climate.

GHW.1.2

Standards and Objectives

Ural Mountains- Mark tradition boundary between European Russia and Asian Russia.

Series of mountains, average height 2,000ft. Rich in iron ore, and mineral fuels such as oil and natural gas.

Caucasus Mountains- Between the Black & Caspian Seas. Area by Black Sea attracted human settlement. Mount Elbrus (extinct volcano) reaches 18,510 feet

(Russia’s Highest Point)

Landforms- Mountains

Ural Mountains

Caucasus Mountains

Central Siberian Plateau- rolling plateau, elevations ranging from 1,600 to 2,300 feet. Swiftly flowing rivers have carved

out canyons. Siberia- Eastern Russia, Arctic and

Subarctic Region of Russia. Kamchatka Peninsula has more

than 100 volcanoes, 29 are active. Cold, mostly Asian type population Trans-Siberian Railroad-

network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East and the East sea.

Connected Moscow with Vladivostok since 1916 and is still being expanded.

Landforms- Plateaus

Central Siberian Plateau

Northern European Plain- “Russian Plain, sweeps across Western and Central Europe into Russia

Northern half- very flat and poorly drained, creating swamps and lakes.

Southern half- navigable waterways and a rich black soil known as chernozem.

Chernozem supports production of wheat, barley, rye, oats, and many other crops.

About 75% of the Russian population lives in the Northern Plain. Holds Moscow and St. Petersburg.

West Siberian Plain- Almost 1 million square miles. One of the worlds Largest areas of flatland.

At widest plain stretches from Arctic Ocean to grasslands of Central Asia.

Lowland areas poorly drained with swamps and marshes.

Landforms- Plains Areas

Red Square in Moscow St. Petersburg

Rivers Arctic Basin

Drains more then 1,750,000 cubic feet water per second into Arctic Ocean

Volga Basin Volga River (Mother Volga) from Moscow to Caspian

Sea 4th Longest Supplies 33% of Russia’s usable water

Amur River Border between Russia and China

Most of Russia’s longest rivers which carry 84% of country’s water are located in Siberia, where only 25% of the Russian population lives.

Water Systems

Lakes Caspian Sea- saltwater lake Arial Sea- saltwater lake, shrinking Lake Baikal- Located in Southern Siberia.

Deepest lake in world. 400 miles long, 40 miles wide. 1 mile deep. 20% of worlds fresh drinking water.

Water Systems

Lake Baikal

Minerals & Energy- fossil fuels, large petroleum deposits, 16% of world’s coal reserves, leads world in nickel production, aluminum, gemstones, platinum-group metals, Russia’s rivers large producer of hydroelectric power.

Cold Culture- only 10% can support agriculture.

Permafrost- permanent frozen layer of soil, lies beneath the surface of the ground.

High Fishing industry- diet and economy

1/5 of world's forest lands lie in Russia, most in Siberia. Supply much of the world's timber- pine, fir-spruce,

and cedar.

Natural Resources

High-Latitude Subarctic -90 degrees

Forest- Taiga- largest Coniferous forest on earth, ½ of world’s softwood timber, 2/5 of Western Russia

Tundra- treeless plain, hugs arctic seas, covers 10%

Continentality- Extreme Variations in Temp. & little precipitation

Climate & Vegetation

Midlatitude Humid continental- 9 Degrees Steppe- Between Black/Caspian seas, North MTNS, grasslands/ Chernozem Overgrazing and foreign plants introduced

Russian Winter Defeat of Napoleon I 1812 Defeat of Germans WWII

Climate & Vegetation

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What is the traditional boundary between EuroRussia and AsiaRussia

1. Caucasus Mountains2. Central Siberian

Plateau3. Ural Mountains

What did the Trans-Siberian Railroad connect?

1. North & South Russia

2. East & West Russia3. Russia & USA

What is the rich brown soil of southern part of the Northern European Plain

1. Permafrost2. Chernozem3. Decidous

Permanently Frozen layer of soil?

1. Permafrost2. Marsh3. Chernobyl

What Lake is Over 1 Mile Deep?

1. Caspian Sea2. Ladoga Lake3. Lake Baikal

1. Tundra2. Steppe3. Taiga

World's largest boreal coniferous forest

1. Deforestation and acid rain2. Introduction of foreign

plants and overgrazing by animals

3. Pollution, and slaughtering of animals

What has caused the soil fertility in the Steppe climate region to decline?