بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم the internet and the world wide web

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

The Internet and the World Wide Web

Using the Internet and World Wide Web

The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks connecting millions of computers all over the world.

The World Wide Web is the collection of Web pages accessed through the Internet.

Computers that host Web pages are called Web servers.

What Is a Browser?

A Web browser is a program used to view Web pages.

Common browsers: Microsoft Internet

Explorer Netscape Navigator Mozilla Firefox MSN Explorer Opera America Online

Accessing the Internet

You can be connected via a direct or always-on connection, or a dial-up connection.

Internet service providers (ISPs) are the gateway to the Internet. Typically charge monthly fees Most allow you to use the Web browser of your

choice

Internet Addresses

An Internet address tells where something on the Internet can be located.

IP addresses and domain names identify computers available through the Internet.

E-mail addresses identify a person on the Internet.

Internet Addresses, cont’d.

URLs identify Web pages on the Internet.

E-Mail

One of the first applications to appear on the Internet and still the most popular.

An e-mail message can be sent to anyone with an Internet e-mail address.

Sending E-Mail

E-mail can be sent over private networks, over the Internet, or over some combination of the two.

E-mail hyperlinks on Web pages can be used to start an e-mail message using your e-mail program.

Many e-mail programs also enable users to attach files.

Receiving E-Mail

E-mail can be received over private networks, over the Internet, or over some combination of the two.

E-mail is often sent using a browser’s built-in e-mail program, such as Microsoft Outlook, Microsoft Outlook Express, or Netscape Mail.

Managing E-Mail Sent and received messages are stored in

separate folders, and deleted e-mail messages are moved to some type of Trash or Deleted Items folder.

Create additional folders to organize e-mail you would like to keep.

Delete unneeded e-mail messages periodically and then empty the Trash folder to free up space on your hard drive.

Mailing Lists, Newsgroups, Chat, and Instant Messaging

Mailing lists: topical discussion groups that use e-mail to communicate.

Newsgroups: targeted to specific topics; are grouped and organized by thread before they are made available to users.

Downloading and Installing Plug-Ins and Other Files

Downloading a file means to copy a file over the Internet to your PC.

A browser plug-in program adds new capabilities to your browser.

Downloading Files

Click the appropriate link and specify where the file should be stored on your PC.

Sometimes files may be opened automatically in your browser if you have the appropriate plug-in.

The amount of time required to download a file depends on the size of the file and the speed of your Internet connection.

Using Downloaded Files

Possible file types:

Zipped (.zip)PDF (.pdf)Image (.gif, .jpg, .tif, .bmp, etc.)Music (.wav, .mp3, etc.)Video (.avi, .mov, etc.)Executable (.exe)Application (.doc, .xls, etc.)

Evolution of the Internet The Internet is a worldwide collection of linked

networks that is used for personal and commercial communications and for information exchange.

Consists of thousands of interconnected networks that are accessed by millions of people daily

From ARPANET to Internet2

 The Internet began in 1969 as an experimental government project. The U.S. Department of Defense wanted to develop a network .   At its start the Internet was called the ARPANET. The ARPANET was named for the group that sponsored its development, the Advanced Research Project Agency. As the experiment grew during the next decade, hundreds of colleges and universities tapped into ARPANET. Over the years ARPANET became the connecting thread of protocols that tied together disparate networks. By the end of the 1980s, ARPANET was renamed and called the Internet.