- 0 - © hms bergbau ag not to be copied or distributed without written consent from coal to biomass...
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- 1 -© HMS Bergbau AGnot to be copied or distributed without written consent
From Coal to BiomassHMS Bergbau AG
HEAT AND POWER GENERATION WITHRENEWABLE ENERGY17th May 2011, Dublin
- Confidential and Preliminary -not to be copied or distributed without written consent
- 2 -© HMS Bergbau AGnot to be copied or distributed without written consent
HMS Bergbau AG (www.hms-ag.com)
HMS, based in Berlin, trading of steam coal, coking coal, anthracites and biomass (wood pellets, PKS, agro biomass)
• into Europe, India, Asia
• from Russia, South Africa, Americas, Indonesia
Expanding into coal production with projects in Poland, South Africa, Indonesia
and strongly growing in the field of biomass
Founded by Heinz Schernikau in 1995
• industry veteran, used to run Eastern Germany‘s coal and energy trading business Publicly listed at Frankfurt stock exchange in December 2008
• still family run and majority owned by Schernikau family
- 3 -© HMS Bergbau AGnot to be copied or distributed without written consent
HMS Representative Office Bristol, Tennessee, USA
HeadquarterHMS Bergbau AGBerlin, Germany
HMS Bergbau Polska Sp. Z o.o.Katowice, Poland
HMS Niwka Coal Production Sp. z o.o.Katowice, Poland
PT. HMS Bergbau IndonesiaJakarta, Indonesia
HMS Representative Office Singapore
HMS Representative Office Lahore, Pakistan
HMS Representative Office Mumbai, India
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Where we are active…
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Port Kintap, South Kalimantan
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World – Primary energy mix – Scenario 2100What lies behind the oil age?
Source: World Coal Institute, www.wci-coal.org, i001
Nuclear
Hydro
Biomass
GASSolar
Other
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100
Oil
Coal
- 6 -© HMS Bergbau AGnot to be copied or distributed without written consent
From Coal to Biomass – EU Reduction Targets
Main biomass driver: EU 20/20 reduction targets
• Substitution of coal by biomass – in stand alone plants or in co-firing systems
• Countries with a high share of coal in their electricity production matrix can reach the ambitious EU-target only by burning biomass
• Biomass is the cheapest and smoothest way in order to have a fast reductions of CO2 emissions.
Main importing countries of biomass in Europe:
Denmark, Sweden, Belgium, Netherlands, Italy, Poland, UK,
Situation in Germany:
• Solid biomass is only subsidized in the domestic market and in CHP plants
• No support for big co-firing projects due to the unbundling approach of the EEG – Renewable Energy Law
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Worldwide Technical Biomass Potential
Source: Kaltschmitt, 2009, p. 10f
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Worldwide Biomass trade – Traders Market
Canada
USA
W. Europe
E. Europe & Russia
Brazil
Malaysia & Indonesia
Japan
Australia S. Africa
Ethanol Wood pellets Veg. oils & biodiesel
Source: IEA Bioenergy ExCo65
(in Mio. t) Bio ethanol Bio diesel Wood Pellets
Worldwide Production 52,9 10,6 11,5
Internationally traded volume 3,7 2,9 ca. 4,0
Main exporting countriesBrazil
USA, Argentina, Indonesia, Malaysia
Canada, USA, Baltic Countries, Finland, Russia
Main importing countriesUSA, Japan, EU EU
Belgium, Netherlands, Sweden, Italia
International Biomass trade
Liquid Biomass:
Ethanol – has a very long history in Brazil – fuel flex cars.
Bio Diesel – driven by EU subsidies
Solid Biomass:
Woodchips: 30 Mio tons; 4,5 (15 % for power and heat supply)
Wood Pellets: 4,0 Mio tons Industrial Pellets – nearly no seaboard trading of premium pellets.
- 9 -© HMS Bergbau AGnot to be copied or distributed without written consent
HMS Biomass – What we trade…
Wood Pellets: Premium pellets for residential usage
and industrial pellets for commercial and industrial customers
Different cooperations with reputable pellet producers
Wood Chips: Mainly on a regional basis
Agro Biomass: Sunflower-husk-pellets and straw-pellets from the Ukraine
olive cake North-Africa
Palm Kernel Shells: From Indonesia and West-Africa
Torrefied Pellets: “The Holy Grail” of the Industry – but no quantities available on the market yet
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Palm Kernel Shells
Since 2007, Indonesia has become the largest palm oil producer
Annual production approx. 20 mio tonnes crude palm oil (CPO)
During the production of palm oil several residues become available
Palm kernel shells (PKS) or palm nut shells (PNS) are the biggest residues in terms of quantity.
PKS represents about 6-8% of the fresh fruit bunch production
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Characteristics of PKS
• Low ash content below 3 % (ARB)
• Moisture content 15-20 % (ARB)
• High energy density 15-18 GJ/t – 60% higher than green wood chips
• Not sensitive to rain and can be stored open without an significant increase of water content.
• Bulk density 650kg/m3 (coal: 850-900kg/m3)
• PKS are shipped in bulk
• Very slow degradation of material
• Negligible dusting
• Can be used as a single fuel in power plants but can also be used for blending or co-firing.
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Black Pellets - Torrefication Process
Torrefication: Partial-combustion without oxygen Process: Pre-drying 100-130°C, heating up to 130-250°C, pyrolysis 250-300°C Effect: Reduction of moisture content, reduction of acids, reduction of volatile
matters, reduction of mass by 30%, reduction of NCV by 10%
Agricultural residues
Mixed organic waste
Woody biomass
Torrefication Pelletisation
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Torrefied Pellets
Advantages: High Feedstock-Flexibility: agricultural residues, wood waste, saw dust, wood chips – increase in production potential & availability
Storage characteristics: water resistance - can be stored in uncovered stockpiles
Excellent Grindability: existing coal infrastructure can be used
Very homogenous end-product
Reduction of SOx and NOx during combustion
Characteristics Torrefied Pellets Normal Wood Pellets
NCV (ARB) 20-22 MJ/Kg 16-18 MJ/Kg
Bulk Density 800-850 Kg/m3 650 Kg/m3
Energy Density 20-22 MJ/kg 10-12 GJ/m3
Moisture 3% ~ 10%
Market Situation:
Huge demand but no significant supply yet
Most projects are still in very early stages
“Power producers are willing to pay extra 2-3€ /GJ only due to the better storage- and handling characteristics” Rob Marcus, Vattenfall
- 14 -© HMS Bergbau AGnot to be copied or distributed without written consent
Thank You!(www.hms-ag.com)
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