amos introduction feb18 2007 right1
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OverviewOverview
Introduction to AMOS User Interface
AMOS GraphicsExamples of using AMOS Predictors of Problem rin!ing using
Path anal"sis
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SEM SoftwareSEM Software Several different packages exist EQS, LISREL, MPLUS, AMOSAMOS, SAS, ...
Provide simltaneosl!simltaneosl! overall tests of model fit individal parameter estimate tests
Ma! compare simltaneosl!simltaneosl! Regression coefficients Means "ariances
even across multiple between-subjects groupseven across multiple between-subjects groups
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AMOS AdvantagesAMOS Advantages
Eas" to use for visual SEMvisual SEM # Structural E$uation Modeling%&
Eas" to modif"' viewmodif"' view the modelPublication ($ualit" graphicsgraphics
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Structural E$uation ModelingStructural E$uation Modeling#SEM%#SEM%
An extension of )egression andgeneral *inear Models
Also can +t more complex models'li!e con+rmator" factor anal"sis
and longitudinal data&
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#amil! $ree of SEM#amil! $ree of SEM ,-testA.O/A
Multi-wa"
A.O/A )epeatedMeasureesigns Growth
0urveAnal"sis
1ivariate0orrelation
Multiple)egression
PathAnal"sis
StructuralE$uationModeling
2actorAnal"sis
Explorator"2actor
Anal"sis
0on+rmator"2actor
Anal"sis
*atent*atent
GrowthGrowth0urve0urve
Anal"sisAnal"sis
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Structural E$uation ModelingStructural E$uation Modeling
#SEM%#SEM%Observed variables 3measuredmeasured
*atent variables3unobservedunobserved
ExogenousExogenous
variables3independentindependent
Endogenous variables
3dependentdependent
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Structural E$uationStructural E$uation
GraphsGraphs
ObservedObserved
/ariable/ariable
*atent*atent/ariable/ariable
&45
ErrorError
6 *oading*oading
&47 6 ))88
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Example6 0ondom UseExample6 0ondom Use
ModelModel
Gender
Peer norms
a%ot condoms
0ondom use
Impulsive ecision Ma!ing
IM04)
Observed/ariables
*atent/ariables
&45
*oadings
*egend*egend
IMA4) IME4) IM94)
ImpulsiveecisionMa!ing
Observed variables for
Impulsive decision ma!ing
&ondom attitde
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Example6 0ondom UseExample6 0ondom Use
ModelModelIM04)
Observed/ariables
*atent/ariables
&45
*oadings
*egend*egend
IMA4) IME4) IM94)
Independent
ependent
ependentependent
Independent
ependent
Gender
Peer norms
a%ot condoms
0ondom use
Impulsive ecision Ma!ing
&ondom attitde
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Example6 0ondom UseExample6 0ondom Use
ModelModel
eS:;)04
efr4
eiss
IM04)
eidm
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Example6 0ondom UseExample6 0ondom Use
ModelModel
SE:4
eS:;)04
efr4
eiss
IM04)
eidm
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Example6 0ondom UseExample6 0ondom Use
ModelModel
eS:;)04
efr4
eiss
IM04)
eidm
-&7?
-&47-&4@-&45 &4=
&5=& &8< & &
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AMOS 0omponentsAMOS 0omponents
AMOS GraphicsAMOS Graphics draw SEM graphsgraphs
runs SEM models using graphs
AMOS 1asic runs SEM models using s"ntax
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Starting AMOS GraphicsStarting AMOS Graphics
Start Programs Amos ? Amos Graphics
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)eading ata into AMOS
2ile2ile ata 2ilesata 2iles
,he following dialog appears6
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)eading ata into AMOSClick on
File NameFile Name to specify thename of the data file
Currently AMOS reads the following
data file formats: Access
d'ase ( ) *
Microsft Excel (, +, *, and - #oxPro ./, .* and .0
Lots 1k2, 1k(, and 1k+
SPSSSPSS *.sav files*.sav files, versions -./. t3rog3 2*./
4%ot3 ra1 data and matrix formats5
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)eading ata into AMOS
Example USE toda"6 Predicting parental monitoring andPredicting parental monitoring and
problem drin!ing using a PA,B IAG)AM&problem drin!ing using a PA,B IAG)AM&
A,ASE,6onl"CvalidCpathCfeb4@C877-n5
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rawing in AMOSIn Amos Graphics' a model can bespeci+ed b" drawing a diagram onthe screen 1. o draw an o!ser"ed "aria!le# click
$%iagram$ on the top menu# andclick $%raw O!ser"ed%raw O!ser"ed.$ Mo"e the
cursor to the place where you wantto place an o!ser"ed "aria!le andclick your mouse. %rag the !o& inorder to ad'ust the si(e of the !o&.)ou can also use in the tool!o& to draw o!ser"ed "aria!les.
*. +no!ser"ed "aria!les can !e drawnsimilarly. Click $%iagram$ and
$%raw +no!ser"ed%raw +no!ser"ed.$ +no!ser"ed"aria!les are shown as circles.)ou may also use in the tool!o&
to draw uno!ser"ed "aria!les.
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rawing in AMOSrawing in AMOS
,o draw a path' 0lic! Diagramiagram on the top menu
and clic! Draw Pathraw Path& Instead of using the top menu' "ou ma" use the ,ool 1ox buttons to draw arrows # and %&
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rawing in AMOS
,o draw Error ,erm to the observed andunobserved variables&
Use DUni$ue /ariableUni$ue /ariable button in the ,ool 1ox&0lic! and then clic! a box or a circle towhich "ou want to add errors or a uni$uevariablesFhen "ou use Uni$ue /ariable button' thepath coeHcient will be automaticall" constrained to 4&%
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rawing in AMOS*et us draw6
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6aming t3e varia%les in6aming t3e varia%les in AMOSAMOS
,o name a variable' 0lic! D/iew on thetop menu and clic! DObect PropertiesObect Properties
J0lic! on the box "ouwant to name
0lic! on the ,ext ,ext tab andenter the name of the
variable in the /ariable/ariablenamename +eld and Kor /ariable *abel
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Naming the variables in AMOS
Example6 .ame the variables
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&onstraining a parameter in AM7S&onstraining a parameter in AM7S
,he scale of the latent variable or variance ofthe latent variable has to be +xed to 4&
0lic! D7%8ect Properties7%8ect Properties9,t3en on the arrow
between P).,M.,4 and eprnt &
0lic! on the
ParametersParameters tab and
enter the value D11 inthe )egression weight)egression weight +eld6
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Improving t3e appearanceImproving t3e appearance
of t3e pat3 diagramof t3e pat3 diagram ;ou can change the appearance of "our pathdiagram b" moving obects around
,o move an obect' clic! on the MoveMove icon on thetoolbar& ;ou will notice that the picture of a little
moving truc! appears below "our mouse pointerwhen "ou move into the drawing area& ,his lets "ou!now the MoveMove function is active&
,hen clic! and hold down "our left mouse button onthe obect "ou wish to move& Fith the mousebutton still depressed' move the obect to where"ou want it' and let go of "our mouse button& AmosAmos
GraphicsGraphics will automaticall" redraw all connectingarrows&
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Improving t3e appearance of t3eImproving t3e appearance of t3e
pat3 diagrampat3 diagram
,o change the siLe and shape of an obect'+rst press the 0hange the shape of obects0hange the shape of obects icon on the toolbar&
;ou will notice that appears under the
mouse pointer to let "ou !now the ShapeShape function is active&
0lic! and hold down "our left mouse buttonleft mouse button on the obect "ou wish to re-shape& 0hangethe shape of the obect to "our li!ing andrelease the mouse button&
0hange the shape of obects0hange the shape of obects
also wor!s ontwo-headed arrows& 2ollow the sameprocedure to change the direction or arc ofan" double-headed arrow&
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Improving t3e appearance of t3e
pat3 diagramIf "ou make a mistakemake a mistake' there are alwa"sthree icons on the toolbar to $uic!l" bail"ou out6 the EraseErase and UndoUndo functions&
,o erase an object erase an object ' simpl" clic! on the
EraseErase
icon and then clic! on the obect"ou wish to erase&
,o undo your last drawing activity undo your last drawing activity ' clic!on the
UndoUndo icon and "our last activit"
disappears&Each time "ou clic! Undo'Undo' "our previousactivit" will be removed&
If you change your mindIf you change your mind' clic! on )edo)edo to restore a change&
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Performing t3ePerforming t3e
anal!sis in AM7Sanal!sis in AM7S
/iew/iew→→ Anal"sisAnal"sis
PropertiesProperties and clic!on the OutputOutput tab&
,here is also anAnal"sis PropertiesAnal"sis Properties icon "ou can clic! onthe toolbar& Eitherwa"' the OutputOutput
tabgives "ou thefollowing options6
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Performing t3e anal!sis in AM7S
2or our example' chec! the MinimiLation histor"'MinimiLation histor"'StandardiLed estimatesStandardiLed estimates' and S$uared multipleS$uared multiplecorrelationscorrelations boxes& #We are doing this becausethese are so commonly used in analysis
%&
,o run AMOSAMOS' clic! on the 0alculate estimates0alculate estimates icon on the toolbar&
AMOSAMOS will want to save this problem to a +le& if "ou have given it no +lename' the Save AsSave As
dialog box will appear& Give the problem a +lename let us sa"' tutorial1tutorial16
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)esults)esultsFhen AMOSAMOS has completed thecalculations' "ou have
two
optionsfor viewing the output6 text output text output ,
graphics output graphics output &
2or text output' clic! the /iew ,ext/iew ,ext
OutputOutput icon on the toolbar&
Bere is a portion of the text outputfor this problem6
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The model is recursive. Sample size = 754The model is recursive. Sample size = 754
Chi-square=Chi-square=49.98449.984 Degrees of Freedom =9Degrees of Freedom =9a!imum "i#elihood $s%ima%esa!imum "i#elihood $s%ima%es
Results for Path Model
&egressio' (eigh%s) *+roup 'um,er - Defaul% model
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S%a'dardized &egressio' (eigh%s) *+roup 'um,er - Defaul% model
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S%a'dardized &egressio' (eigh%s) *+roup 'um,er - Defaul% model
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"ie1ing t3e grap3ics otpt in AM7S"ie1ing t3e grap3ics otpt in AM7S
J ,o view the graphics output'clic! the /iew output/iew output icon nextto the drawing area&
J 0hose to view eitherunstandardizedunstandardized or #if "ou selectedthis option% standardizedstandardized
estimates b" clic! one or theother in the Parameter 2ormatsParameter 2ormats panel next to "our drawing area6
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UnstandardiLed path model
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Improving t3e appearance of t3e pat3Improving t3e appearance of t3e pat3
diagramdiagram
,o move the parameters' clic!on the DMove Parametervalues and then clic! on thepath' and move the parameter
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0onclusion6 Amos In
nutshell ,oda" we learned O.E thing6
how to draw a model in AMOS ,opics for the next few wee!s 6
assess and interpret the models compare models anal"Le more complex models