American Water Works AssociationAlabama – Mississippi Section

~ Educat ional Session ~

City of NatchezWater Meter Replacement Program

for Successful Leak Control

March 2015

Presented By:

David M Gardner, P.E. – SuperintendentNatchez Water Works

Matt JonesCentral Pipe Supply, Inc.

DUNLEITH PLANTATION

The site was originally occupied by another mansion called "Routhland," built during the late 1700s by Job Routh and his wife. They both died and left the house to their daughter, Mary, who was 15 years of age and already a widow. Mary took Charles Dahlgren as her second husband and inherited the house. Dalhgren was a successful banker since before his marriage to Mary and became a Confederate Brigadier General during the War Between the States.In 1855 Routhland was struck by lightning and burned to the ground. Dahlgren built a new mansion (the present one) in its place in 1856. Mary, still a very young woman, only enjoyed the new house for three years when she tragically died. The property was sold for $30,000 in order to settle the estate. The new owner, Alfred Vidal Davis, gave the house the Scottish name of Dunleith.

Encircled by 26 stately white columns, Dunleith is one of the most beautiful mansions in Natchez, Mississippi, yet it has a history of tragedy.

STANTON HALL

In 1858, Frederick Stanton built the home of his dreams for his family on his new property - an entire city block of Natchez, Mississippi. The city block cost about $1,550. The house cost over $83,000 before it was even furnished. Carrera Marble, mahogany doors 2 1/2 inches thick, chandeliers from France, and Italian statuary appointed the interior. Huge Corinthian columns and granite steps adorned the facade.Stanton came to America with his brothers in 1815. He made a fortune as a cotton broker, then as owner of more than 16,000 acres of cotton plantations. Ironically, he lived only one month after his dream home was finished.Now - Stanton Hall housed a college for young ladies for a short time, then fell into disarray to some extent before the Pilgrimage Garden Club renewed the antebellum mansion to much of its former glory. It stands today, filled with original and like antique furnishings as Frederick originally created it, a showcase for the world to see.

LONGWOOD

Dr. Haller Nutt already owned Winter Quarters in Louisiana, but wanted to build a dream home for his wife, Julia. With the help of architect Samuel Sloan, he designed a beautiful and unique octagonal structure with an onion dome. The exterior was mostly finished, and the interior in rough form when the Civil War broke out. Northern craftsmen working on the mansion left the work unfinished and set out for home, fearing reprisals from those with Southern sympathies. The Nutt family lived in the finely furnished basement for years, though Dr. Nutt himself died shortly after the war started. Today you can tour the home, inspect the unfinished interior for yourself, and view the grounds where Julia once tended to acres of roses. Longwood is listed as an official National Historic Landmark.

THE BIRTH OF A NEW UTILITY

Natchez, the birthplace of Mississippi, is known internationally as a quaint Southern town with a rich culture and heritage shaped by people of Spanish, French, African, British and American descent. Established in 1714, Natchez was originally home to the Natchez Indians. The earliest European account of the Natchez comes from the Spanish expedition of Hernando de Soto in 1542, the French in 1682 , African in 1719 and the British in 1763 until the United States took control in 1798.

As the settlement grew, Spanish, French, and English residents began constructing homes and buildings in the styles with which they were familiar, leaving several architectural influences and creating the unique backdrop to the city with which our residents and visitors enjoy today.

The antebellum mansions in Natchez were built by planters, lawyers, doctors, bankers and merchants who made enormous fortunes after the invention of the cotton gin, which brought an unbelievable cotton boom to Natchez.

Attracted by the possibility of getting rich and doing it very quickly, entrepreneurs flooded into Natchez, joining those few families who had settled the area in the eighteenth century. As you could imagine, this expansion of population created much need for city wide water and sewer services.

Mostly, water was provided by either private wells, cisterns, creeks and naturally occurring springs. Most houses were equipped with outhouses or privies. By the end of the 19th century, the demand for these city utilities increased dramatically forming the birth of our system today.

Today, Natchez is home to numerous Antebellum Mansions that are open year round for Natchez Natives and Visitors to tour. Natchez’s total population is 15,792.

of the Natchez Water WorksHistoryThe

Key Historical Points

Mayor and Board of Alderman of the City of Natchez, State of Mississippi on January 23, 1889 granted to J. A. Jones of St Louis, MO the right and privilege to erect and maintain a system of water works for the City of Natchez.

There was an Artesian well water shortage in 1894 and some discussion as to obtaining water from the Mississippi River.

January 6, 1895, page 96, J.C. Ballard, M.D., Chief Health Officer of Adams County wrote, “The Sweetest, most palatable, and healthiest water obtainable is FILTERED Mississippi River water” and strongly urged a change if we could get that.

Page 110 from Evening Bulletin, July 30, 1901: The Fine Plant of Natchez Sewer and Water Co…..Article states that the water is as good as any in the world—pure as crystal, healthful and cold.

City of Natchez, purchased Natchez Water and Sewer Company between May 7th and May 11th, 1903 for $150,000.

Free Water discontinued to public and private institutions, meters installed and billed each month. 27, October 1950.

Consumer Deposits: 27 August 1952. $5.00 charged to cover two to three monthly bills.

Water Loss!!!

Why is it Important???All water systems have water loss. Although water loss cannot be eliminated, it can be greatly reduced. Reducing water loss is the fastest, most economical way for any water utility to increase both revenue and the amount of water available.

Water Loss FACTS:1. HOW MUCH WATER IS LOST?

The world bank estimates the annual worldwide volume of nonrevenue water is 12,893 billion gallons (48.6 billion m3) – almost 13 trillion gallons! Real losses in developing countries alone could supply water to 200 million people.

Nonrevenue losses in the United States are suspected to be around 6 billion gallons a day; that is more than enough to meet the delivery needs of the 10 largest cities in the US. This massive waste of crucial resource should be viewed as a considerable concern for the country with the third largest population in the world.

2. A NEW SOURCE OF REVENUE

Reducing apparent loss can result in an immediate new source of revenue for a utility. Apparent loss means the water was delivered but not paid for. Inaccurate metering, utility accounting errors, and unauthorized use create apparent losses for a utility. Apparent losses can have a much greater negative effect on the utility’s revenue than do real losses, because apparent losses are valued at the retail price charged to customers.

3. QUICK PAYBACK

Sound water loss management is a practice that usually generates a direct and quick payback to the water utility. Water Loss control provides guidance through each step: Water Audit, Assessing Optimum Water Loss, Pilot Study, Implementing Apparent and Real Water-Loss Reduction Methods, and Ongoing Program Maintenance.

WATER LOSS TABLE

Per Day Loss ( Gallons) Loss Per Month (Gallons)

120 3,600

360 11,160

3,096 95,976

8,424 261,144

14,952 463,512

*Based on approximately 60-psi pressure.

Table 1-13. Water Loss Versus Pipe Leak Size

Water Loss

Pipe Leak Size*

TotalSystem

Input

(allowfor

knownerrors)

Water

Losses

AuthorizedConsumption

RealLosses

ApparentLosses

UnbilledAuthorized

Consumption

BilledAuthorized

Consumption

Non-Revenue

Water

RevenueWater

Leakage & Overflows at Storage

Billed Unmetered Consumption

Billed Metered Consumption

Billed Water Exported

Leakage on Service Lines to Meter

Leakage on Mains

Customer Metering Inaccuracies

Unauthorized Consumption

Unbilled Unmetered Consumption

Unbilled Metered Consumption

Data Handling Error

Water Accounting- -All Water Accounted For-

Water In / Water Out

Gallon Cubic Feet Cubic Feet % Sold Cubic Feet % Loss

FY 2000 1,358,544,000 181,623,529 118,255,732 65.11% 63,367,797 34.89%

FY 2001 1,336,577,000 178,686,765 106,559,136 59.63% 72,127,629 40.37%

FY 2002 1,420,981,000 189,970,722 102,902,386 54.17% 87,068,336 45.83%

FY 2003 1,220,645,000 163,187,834 103,037,099 63.14% 60,150,735 36.86%

FY 2004 1,259,337,000 168,360,561 104,973,253 62.35% 63,387,308 37.65%

FY 2005 1,239,267,000 165,677,406 103,473,333 62.45% 62,204,073 37.55%

FY 2006 1,301,145,000 173,949,866 106,774,604 61.38% 67,175,262 38.62%

FY 2007 1,230,794,000 164,544,652 99,134,931 60.25% 65,409,721 39.75%

FY 2008 1,253,578,000 167,590,642 100,650,933 60.06% 63,655,479 37.98%

FY 2009 1,085,493,000 145,119,385 94,900,608 65.39% 43,685,340 30.10%

FY 2010 1,064,948,000 142,372,727 92,311,311 64.84% 43,015,852 30.21%

FY 2011 1,121,122,786 149,882,725 94,986,786 63.37% 45,054,337 30.06%

FY 2012 1,137,232,288 152,036,402 89,476,685 58.85% 48,420,850 31.85%

FY 2013 1,068,558,000 142,855,348 88,477,160 61.93% 35,464,436 24.83%

FY 2014 1,080,943,000 144,511,096 91,340,134 63.21% 32,021,715 22.16%

Natchez Water Works

FY 2000 Thru FY 2014 WATER PRODUCTION vs SALES

(Fiscal Year SUMMARY)

Fiscal YearWELL PRODUCTION SALES (Summary) LOSS (Summary)

OUR DATA MODEL….

Date: March 10, 2015

LOSS LOSS

FY 2015 Gallon Cubic Feet Cubic Feet % Loss

October 86,924,000 11,620,856 9,623,484 1,997,372 17.19%

November 85,914,000 11,485,829 10,166,722 1,319,107 11.48%

December 83,504,000 11,163,636 9,250,587 1,913,049 17.14%

January 83,307,000 11,137,299 8,958,363 2,178,936 19.56%

February 74,899,000 10,013,235 8,898,023 1,115,212 11.14%

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

Total Gallons Total Cubic Feet Total Monitored Water Total Water Loss Total Percent Loss

(For Fiscal Year)

FY to Date Totals: 414,548,000 55,420,856 46,897,179 8,523,677 15.38%

Average Gallons Average Cubic Feet Average Monitored Water Average Water LossAverage Percent Loss (Per Month)

Monthly Averages: 82,909,600 11,084,171 9,379,436 1,743,176 15.27%

Natchez Water Works

FY 2015

WELL PRODUCTION

(Monthly Comparison)

MONITORED WATER (Includes WWTP)

WATER PRODUCTION vs WATER LOSS REPORT

SPECIAL NOTES:

October 11,066,099 10,362,643

November 9,134,199 9,186,969

December 9,017,258 8,315,780

January 8,851,204 8,635,950

February 8,551,614 8,022,005

March 7,890,181 7,814,942

April 8,018,656 8,403,669

May 8,494,716 8,557,815

June 9,007,781 8,842,875

July 8,782,528 9,879,126

August 8,611,817 9,713,322

September 9,133,083 8,873,095

106,559,136 106,608,191

7,597 7,360

40.37% 31.85%

Billed Consumption

Annual Consumption - Comparison

Total Consumption Billed:

Average Customers Billed:

Annual Water Loss:

FY 12Month FY 01

What Does This MEAN…. 2013 Water Works Audit:

To Operate System = $1,219,845 Well Production = 1,068,558,000 Gallons (Annually) Cost = $1.14 Per 1,000 Gallons

DOLLARS LOST COMPARISON

Yearly Loss ($) Revenue Lost

(2013) 24.83% $302,890 +/-

(2002) 45.83% $559,060 +/-

(Comparison) 12% $146,376 +/-

2007 – Major Valve and Large Meter Change-Out Began(For Comparison)

2007 Water Loss at 39.75% (Avg) vs 2014 Water Loss at 22.16% (Avg)

Difference of 17.59% over a 7 Year Period = $1,501,920 in Savings

SOLUTION!!!

Water Services Changed to COMPOUND METERSas recommended by MS Rural Water Services

Note: Consumption Shown in Cubic Feet

YEAR AVERAGE CONSUMPTION

2014 35,815

2013 48,433

2012 50,815

*2011 31,999

2010 19,529

2009 17,080

2011 - Changed Meter to Compound Meter

DAYS INN

YEAR AVERAGE CONSUMPTION

2014 15,515

2013 14,791

2012 14,335

*2011 11,645

2010 11,174

2009 6,828 2011 - Changed Meter to Compound Meter

BEST WESTERNYEAR AVERAGE CONSUMPTION

2014 45,673

2013 40,450

*2012 35,351

2011 30,613

2010 30,864

2009 33,943 2012 - Changed Meter to Compound Meter

BROADWAY HOTEL

YEAR AVERAGE CONSUMPTION

2014 65,922

2013 83,958

2012 103,543

*2011 91,469

2010 48,516

2009 63,5752011 - Changed Meter to Compound Meter

EOLA HOTEL

Note: Estimated Meter Stoped Working Sometime in 2010

YEAR AVERAGE CONSUMPTION

2014 373,719

2013 285,965

2012 234,184

*2011 262,997

2010 163,349

2009 149,7612011 - Changed Meter to Compound Meter

NATCHEZ REGIONAL HOSP.

YEAR AVERAGE CONSUMPTION

2014 8,580

2013 9,129

*2012 7,949

2011 777

2010 755

2009 683

2008 847

2007 970

2006 824 Early 2012 - Changed Meter to Compound Meter

McDONALDS

WATER LOSS, CHANGES MADE TO REDUCE WATER LOSS RATIO Changed the way water loss is calculated. Originally was direct ratio between

consumption billed in Utility Billing System (UBS) and metered water pumped from the wells. Some accounts in UBS were “Sewer Only” and these were removed.

Repaired leaks that were known but could not be located such as;o Homochitto Street – 10” bell joint leaking into storm drain systemo N. Canal Street – 2” manifold leaking into storm drain system & sanitary sewer

systemo Brenham Ave – 16” leaking at tee and 90° bendo Old Brenham Ave Water Treatment Plant – Leak on 2,000 gpm pump 16” pipingo And many various leaks that occur. Mostly these are 2” and smaller service lines

Installed meters on all active services

Installed compound meters on accounts that are 4” and larger where applicable

Replace turbo meters with compound or disc type meters on some 2” services for hotels and other businesses. Many of these recommended by Mr. Randy Turnage’s report on 2” meters from the MS Rural Water Association.

Implemented valve change-out program & required proper meter types for new applications

IN SUMMARY

METERSizing, Selection and Application

ANYTOWN, USA

Revenue – 80/20 Rule

AGENDA

Important Terms

Operating Ranges

Analyzing Meter Application

Meter Operation / Installation Theory

IMPORTANT TERMS

Operating Range: Range of operation from low flow to

intermittent high flow where Badger Meter guarantees an

accuracy of ± 1.5% or 98.5% - 101.5% (± 0.25% Mag Meter)

Maximum Continuous Duty: High flow where meter

can be run continuously, 24 hours / 7 days a week

Extended Low Flow: Low flow where Badger

guarantees minimum accuracy down to 95%

Disc Series Meters

DISC SERIES METER TYPICAL OPERATING RANGES

Size Model Operating Range Max Cont. Duty Extended Low

5/8” MLPM25

1/4-20 GPM1/2-25 GPM

10 GPM15 GPM

1/8 GPM1/4 GPM

3/4 ” M35 3/4-35 GPM 25 GPM 3/8 GPM

1” M55M70

1-55 GPM1 1/4-70 GPM

40 GPM50 GPM

1/2 GPM3/4 GPM

1-1/2” M120 2 1/2-120 GPM 80 GPM 1 1/4 GPM

2” M170 2 1/2-170 GPM 100 GPM 1 1/2 GPM

E-SERIES ULTRASONIC METER

© 2013 Badger Meter, Inc. 26

Ultrasonic Measurement Technology

• Two basic technologies used in ultrasonic metering:

• Doppler Shift: Measures difference in frequency of the sound wave reflected off acoustic discontinuities or particles in the flow stream – well suited for dirty water applications.

• Transit-Time: Measures the time differential between signal sent upstream and a corresponding signal sent downstream – well suited for clean water.

E-Series Ultrasonic meter uses Transit-Time technology.

© 2013 Badger Meter, Inc. 27

AWWA STANDARDS

• The E-Series meter was designed to meet and exceed all applicable portions of the current AWWA standards.

• The American Water Works Association does not currently have a standard for ultrasonic meters for residential/billing use.

• A committee, however, exists to develop a standard for static residential meters (will take several years to accomplish).

© 2013 Badger Meter, Inc. 28

E-Series Ultrasonic Meter Specifications

• 5/8” through 1”

© 2013 Badger Meter, Inc. 29

Size Flow Range Extended Low Flow Range

Lay Length

Material Offering

5/8” 0.1…25 gpm

0.05 gpm 7-1/2” Stainless Steel and Engineered

Polymer

5/8 x 3/4”

0.1…25 gpm

0.05 gpm 7-1/2” Stainless Steel and Engineered

Polymer

3/4” 0.1…32 gpm

0.05 gpm 7-1/2” or 9”

Stainless Steel and Engineered

Polymer

1” 0.4…55 gpm

0.25 gpm 10-3/4” Stainless Steel and Engineered

Polymer

E-Series Ultrasonic Meter Specifications

• 1-1/2” and 2”

© 2013 Badger Meter, Inc. 30

Size Flow Range Extended low flow range

Lay Length

Flange Type MaterialOffering

1-1/2”

1.25… 100 gpm

0.40 gpm 13” 2-bolt Elliptical & Hex NPT

Stainless Steel

2” 1.50… 160 gpm

0.50 gpm 17” 2-bolt Elliptical & Hex NPT

Stainless Steel

Indicators and AlarmsBilling units indicator

Low battery

Suspected Leak

No flow over 30 days

Meter operating normally

Meter alarm/error

Reverse flow

Consumption Display

Rate of Flow display

TURBO SERIES METERS

TURBO SERIES TYPICALOPERATING RANGES

Size Model Operating Range Max Cont. Duty Extended Low

1 ½” T160 4 to 200 GPM 160 GPM 2.5 GPM

2” T200 4 to 310 GPM 200 GPM 2.5 GPM

3” T450 5 to 550 GPM 450 GPM 4 GPM

4” T1000 10 to 1250 GPM 1000 GPM 8 GPM

6” T2000 20 to 2500 GPM 2000 GPM 12 GPM

8” T3500 30 to 4500 GPM 3500 GPM 20 GPM

10” T5500 50 to 7000 GPM 5500 GPM 30 GPM

12" T6200 65 to 8800 GPM 6200 GPM 53 GPM

16" T6600 150 to 13200 GPM 6600 GPM 130 GPM

20" T10000 300 to 19800 GPM 10000 GPM 200 GPM

COMPOUND SERIES METERS

COMPOUND SERIES METER TYPICAL OPERATING RANGES

Size Operating Range Max Cont. Duty Extended Low

2” 1/2 to 200 GPM 170 GPM 1/4 GPM

3” 1/2 to 450 GPM 400 GPM 1/4 GPM

4” 3/4 to 1000 GPM 800 GPM 3/8 GPM

6” 3/4 to 2000 GPM 1500 GPM 3/8 GPM

ANALYZING YOUR APPLICATIONCOMPOUND VS. TURBO

COMPOUNDS

TURBOS

Where People

Live

Where

People Work or

Play

GENERAL RULE OF THUMB

EXAMPLES OF LARGEMETER SELECTION

Selected Meter

Condo or Apartment Complex

Turbo

or

Compound

Automatic Car Wash

Selected Meter

Turbo

or

Compound

EXAMPLES OF LARGEMETER SELECTION

Large Manufacturing Facility

Selected Meter

Turbo

or

Compound

EXAMPLES OF LARGEMETER SELECTION

Anytown USA High School

Selected Meter

Turbo

or

Compound

EXAMPLES OF LARGEMETER SELECTION

COMPOUND LOW FLOWPERCENTAGE

High Flow + Low Flow = Total Flow

Low Flow x 100 = Low Flow PercentTotal Flow

EXAMPLE:12,000 x 100 = 8.3% Low Flow144,000

Ratio of low flow registration to total flow registration provides valuable information for utility

5% or less of the total on the low flow totalizer Change to Turbo Meter

10 - 25% of total flow on the low flow totalizer Proper size and selection for Compound

More than 25% of total on the low flow totalizer Consider Disc Meter

METER GUIDELINES

METER INSTALLATIONS

 

TURBINE AND COMPOUND RECOMMENDED INSTALLATION

Upstream Downstream

Test Plug

MeterUpstream

ValveDownstream

Valve

Test TeeorPlateStrainer

MinimumFive Pipe

Diameters of Straight Pipe

By-Pass (Permanent or Temporary)

1. For Turbo and Compound meters with strainer, minimum of five (5) pipe diameters of straight pipe upstream of the meter.

2. Turbo and Compound meters without a plate strainer, REQUIRE minimum of ten (10) pipe diameters of straight pipe upstream of the meter. The deletion of a plate strainer is not recommended.

3. Mag Meter requires only 3 diameters upstream of the meter and does not require a strainer.

4. Full-open butterfly or gate valves:a. Minimum five (5) pipe diameters upstream of the meter with strainerb. Can be used directly downstream of the meter.

PROPER INSTALLATION

5 DO NOT install pressure reducing devices or check valves upstream of the meter.

6 Check valves MUST be located at least three (3) pipe diameters downstream of meter and bypass line.

7 Pressure reducing devices: Min. five (5) diameters downstream of meter.

8 Backflow devices MUST be located at least five (5) diameters after meter and after bypass line. If backflow device is installed before meter, a RECOMMENDED min. of fifteen (15) pipe diameters of straight pipe and strainer are required upstream of meter.

9 The service saddle (or reducing tee) for field accuracy testing should be at least two (2) pipe diameters downstream of the meter.

PROPER INSTALLATION

QUESTIONS?