American Territorial Expansion

Pictures are from the McDougal Littel Resource Disk unless noted.

http://staffweb.brownsburg.k12.in.us/~emsteam82/tutin/Manifest%20Destiny%20Webquest/manifest_destiny_webquest.htm

Louisiana Purchase (1803)• In 1800, Spain is

weak and poor and is(basically) forced to give back the Louisiana Territory to France.

• President Jefferson was worried that France might build a French-American Empire in the new territory.

http://www.answers.com/topic/louisiana-purchase

• The city of New Orleans is the door to the Mississippi River and therefore vital to American trade.

• Kicked out of Haiti by a local revolution and busy fighting the British in Europe, France sells Louisiana to the Americans for $15 million

http://www.slate.com/?id=2125810&nav=tap1/

Florida

• General Andrew Jackson and his army are sent to Florida to pursue Seminole Indians that had been raiding Georgia

• After dealing with the Seminoles, Jackson does not leave and occupies Florida.

http://gamblersgazette.blogspot.com/2006_01_01_archive.html

I should be made a hero

for this!

• Secretary of State (and the next president), John Quincy Adams, uses the situation to persuade Spain to sell the land to the U.S. for $5 million.

http://student.britannica.com/eb/art/print?id=52480&articleTypeId=31

Hand over Florida or we’ll leave you with

Jackson...actually, we might just leave him anyways.

Monroe Doctrine• In the early 1800s,

Latin American countries were fighting for their independence from Spain.

• Seeing these countries as future trading partners, the U.S. was worried that European powers would take them over again

President James Monroe

http://gardenofpraise.com/ibdmonro.htm

Nobody can mess with Latin America but the United States!

• Through this doctrine, the Monroe administration declared that the United States opposed European colonization of the Americas (Western hemisphere.

• The Americas now had a big brother (like it or not)

http://kylebarron.com/sutil_intervencion.html

Americans Move to Mexico

• In the 1820s, Mexico offered free land to Americans that were willing to move into northern Mexico on the condition that they did three things:• become Mexican citizens• join the Roman Catholic Church• obey Mexican law (which ended slavery in the late 1820s)

• By 1834, there were over 21,000 American-Mexicans in the state of Coahuila-Texas. Many “Texans” were asking for a separate Mexican state known as “Texas.”

Texas Revolution 1830: Due to problems with the

Americans living in Texas, Mexico makes American immigration illegal. Illegal American settlers follow.

1834: General Antonio López de Santa Anna becomes dictator of Mexico and leads an army to Texas to put an end to the rebellious spirit that’s gaining momentum.

Mexican Dictator

Antonio López de Santa Anna

I’m so guapo...do you like my medals,

ladies?

October 1835: Texans fire at Mexican troops in Gonzales so that they would not take the city’s only canon, starting the war.

March, 1836: All Texan soldiers at a small mission turned into a fort, called The Alamo, are killed by Mexican troops. Texan troops use “remember the Alamo” as a battle cry.

April 21, 1836: Texans, led by Sam Houston, beat the Mexican Army at San Jacinto River and they take Santa Anna prisoner. Santa Anna agrees to an independent Texas. (Next to Harrisburg)

Goliad: Major battle won by the Mexican Army.

•In 1845, Texas is annexed by the United States•The border between Mexico and Texas/US remains in question.

Texas gains its independence from Mexico in 1836.

It is annexed by the United States in 1845.

“Mr. Polk’s War”

• President James Polk was an expansionist and believed the U.S. should own Texas, New Mexico and California.

• 1845-Polk sent troops under the orders of General Zachary Taylor to the Texas border in dispute-- the Rio Grande River.

http://www.visitingdc.com/president/james-polk-picture.htm

Texas, the Southwest,

California,--Mine! Mine! All mine!

• A small fight breaks out between American and Mexican forces at the border.

• A war with Mexico is approved by Congress.

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo• Signed by Mexico and the

US in 1848– ends the war– sets the Texas border at

the Rio Grande– US to pay $15 million

for ceded land– guarantees the rights of

Mexicans in the ceded land

• The United States is enlarged by 1/3.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://faculty.umf.maine.edu/~walters/web%2520103/map%2520guadalupe%2520hidalgo.gif&imgrefurl=http://faculty.umf.maine.edu/~walters/web%2520103/outline%252013%2520umf%2520103_06.htm&h=503&w=519&sz=26&hl=en&start=1&usg=__OTd-Q6JaoAxay8AwhNSB2NczOvk=&tbnid=GphPmae-R2O03M:&tbnh=127&tbnw=131&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dtreaty%2Bof%2BGuadalupe%2BHidalgo%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den

Explain how the following picture relates to Manifest Destiny.

You should be happy to see me!

• 1. Why was New Orleans and the Mississippi River important to American interests?

• a. it is the biggest river in the US• b. it was the main waterway to Canada• c. it was used to transport groups• d. it was used to transport goods

2. The Monroe Doctrine was issued toa. stop European colonization of the western

Hemisphereb.stop Mexico colonization of Texasc. stop French from colonizing the Louisiana

Territoryd.stop the British from colonizing Canada

• 3. American settlers moving into Mexico had to do all of the following EXCEPT:

• a. join the Catholic Church• b. become Mexican citizens• c. Stay for at least 5 years• d. obey Mexican law

• 4. What event started the Mexican-American War?

• a. a small fight on the border• b. US invasion of California• c. a naval attack on the port of Veracruz• d. President Polk insulted General Santa

Anna’s mother

• 5. All of the following events are examples of Manifest Destiny EXCEPT...

• a. Mexican American War• b. Annexation of Texas• c. Louisiana Purchase• d. War of 1812

• You may not agree with his policies and actions, but Polk is constantly rated as one of the most successful presidents in US History.

• During his 4 years as president...– he annexed Texas– fought a war with Mexico and gained the southwest and California– settled the Oregon Territory dispute...three separate actions that added millions of acres of territory to

the United States

• In your opinion, does he deserve the title of very successful president?