american indian probate reform act of 2004 (aipra)
DESCRIPTION
American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA). Polson June 7, 2012. Marsha A. Goetting. Montana State University Extension Family Economics Specialist Department of Agricultural Economics & Economics. Thank you ITI Experts. Dan Decker Rose Tellier. Thank you. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)
PolsonJune 7, 2012
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Marsha A. Goetting• Montana State University Extension Family Economics Specialist• Department of Agricultural
Economics & Economics
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Thank you ITI Experts
•Dan Decker•Rose Tellier
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Thank you• Deb DuMontier
Litigation Coordinator
U.S. Department of the Interior
Office of the Special Trustee for American Indians
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Special request from planning committee
•Don’t be boring•Don’t put people to sleep zzzzzzzz
•Don’t be a dud!!!!
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Marsha’s version of
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Using response clicker
• Is already ON• Don’t press these buttons–Menu–Enter–Go to–Clear
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Test your clickerpress 3/C
• 1/A• 2/B• 3/C • 4/D
Not Accepting Answers
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Screen shows your answer
• 1/A• 2/B• 3/C • 4/D
Your Answer1/A
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Practice: Why I am attending the meeting
10 Sounded like i... My spousemade...
My children su...
0% 0%0%
1. Sounded like information I should know
2. My spouse made me here
3. My children suggested I attend
Countdown
8
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Must respond before end of time
11Countdown
6
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Practice: At this point in time are you?
12 Married Single Divorced Separated Widowed
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Married2. Single3. Divorced4. Separated5. Widowed
Countdown
8
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What if I entered a wrong answer? Last response counts
• 1/A• 2/B• 3/C • 4/D
Your Answer
4D
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Practice: Number of years living in Montana
14 0 – 9 10 – 19 20 – 29 30 – 39 40 – 49 50 &over
0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 0 – 92. 10 – 193. 20 – 294. 30 – 395. 40 – 496. 50 & over
Countdown
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For Yes No questions
• Do not use these keys:•“Yes” or• “No”
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For Yes or No questions
• Use •1, if yes•2, if no
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Have you previously attended a session explaining the American Indian Probate Reform Act (AIPRA)?
17 Yes No
0%0%
1. Yes2. No
Countdown
8
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Purpose of AIPRA• To Prevent Further Fractionation of Trust Lands
• To Encourage Consolidation of Indian Land Ownership
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Fractionation:
Each owner has an undivided interest (ownership) in the entire parcel
Increasing number of owners with each passing generation
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Fractionation
6 generation family
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1st generation
Original Allottee
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1/3
2nd generation
Original Allottee
1/31/3
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1/3
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1/91/9
3rd generationOriginal Allottee
1/31/3
1/9
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4th generation
Original Allottee
1/3 1/3 1/3
1/9 1/9 1/9
1/36 1/36 1/36 1/36
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5th generationOriginal Allottee
1/3 1/3 1/3
1/9 1/9 1/9
1/36 1/36 1/36 1/36
1/144 1/144 1/144 1/144
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6th generationOriginal Allottee
1/3 1/3 1/3
1/9 1/9 1/9
1/36 1/36 1/36 1/36
1/144 1/144 1/144 1/144
?? ? 26
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6th generation with 3 children
1 1 1144 3 432
=x
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6th generationOriginal Allottee
1/3 1/3 1/3
1/9 1/9 1/9
1/36 1/36 1/36 1/36
1/144 1/144 1/144 1/144
1/4321/432 1/43228
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Fractionation by $$$$• Example
Lease Dollar Amounts
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1st generation
• $1,002 Annual Income
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$1,002Annual Income
$334$334 $334
2nd generation
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$1,002Annual Income
$334$334 $334
$111.33 $111.33 $111.33
3rd generation
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$1,002Annual Income
$334$334 $334
$111.33 $111.33 $111.33
$27.83 $27.83 $27.83 $27.83
4th generation
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$1,002Annual Income
$334$334 $334
$111.33 $111.33 $111.33
$27.83 $27.83
$6.96 $6.96 $6.96 $6.96
$27.83 $27.83
5th generation
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$1,002Annual Income
$334$334 $334
$111.33 $111.33 $111.33
$27.83 $27.83
$6.96 $6.96 $6.96 $6.96
$27.83 $27.83
$2.32$2.32$2.32
6th generation
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AIPRA controls Trust Property
•Trust Lands•IIM Accounts
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AIPRA: Probate Sections
• Effective for persons who pass away on or after June 20, 2006
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Fact Sheet #3How is Reservation Land Owned by Individuals?
• Trust Status?• Fee Status?
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What is the status of your real property on the Flathead reservation?
39 Trust Fee simple Have both
types Don’t know
0% 0%0%0%
1. Trust2. Fee simple3. Have both
types4. Don’t know
Countdown
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Do you own land off the Flathead reservation?
40 Yes No
0%0%
1. Yes2. No
Countdown
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Is your land located in Montana?
41 Yes No I don’t own any
land offreservation
0% 0%0%
1. Yes2. No3. I don’t own
any land off reservation
Countdown
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Montana• For fee land, vehicles & financial accounts:– Montana Intestacy Statutes apply if you pass away without a will & are a Montana resident
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Fee Status
•Land passes according to law of state where land is located
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Personal property
• AIPRA does not affect: Checking Accounts Saving Accounts Vehicles
Law of State where have domicile controls
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Do you own undivided interests in trust lands on other reservations?
45 Yes No
0%0%
1. Yes2. No
Countdown
8
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AIPRA requirement
•Interests on all reservation land must pass to: Eligible heirs to retain trust status
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Eligible heirs(Defined under AIPRA)
• Children• Grandchildren• Great
grandchildren• Brothers & sisters• Half brothers & sisters by
blood• Parents
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AIPRA distribution among eligible heirs:
• Depends on percentage of undivided interest owned by the person who passed away
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Do you own:Undivided Interests5% or more?Less than 5%?
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Fact Sheet #4
•Your Individual Trust Interest (ITI) Statement: How to read it
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Where do I get my ITI?
• OST Individual Indian Monies –Statement of Account –Also includes Real Property Assets
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Have you received a copy of your ITI statement?
52 Yes No
0%0%
1. Yes2. No
Countdown
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Where do I get my ITI?
• Land Title & Records OfficeCSKT Tribal Lands Department
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Pablo 406-675-2700Ext 1240
George Ducharme LTRO Manager
Carolee Wendeworth LTRO Assistant
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Important fact on ITI
Statement: • Amount of undivided ownership owned in each parcel
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List of Real Property Assets• Left hand side—Trust Land–Undivided Ownership
• Decimal to 12 places– 0.017361354281
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Because AIPRA uses percent• Convert decimal to % by moving 2 places to the right.0173611111
= 1.7%
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Ex: ITI Statement
• 0.017366111123 =1.7% Ft Peck• 0.156250000243=15.6% Flathead• 0.007812500047= 0.8% Blackfeet• 0.114583333345= 11.5% Ft Peck• 0.007812500034 = 0.8% Flathead• 0.026041666756 = 2.6% Ft Hall
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Use ITI to determine % of ownership
•5% interest or more?
•Less than 5% interest?
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ITI Experts will share later
•Dan Decker•Rose Tellier
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Fact Sheet #7
If your undivided interest in each allotment is:
less than 5%What Happens If You Pass Away Without Writing a Will?
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AIPRA Single Heir Rule•Undivided interest of less than 5%passes to one person in following order…..
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Single Heir Rule
• First priority: Oldest surviving eligible child
(less than 5% & no will)
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• If no surviving eligible child Oldest surviving eligible grandchild
Single Heir Rule(less than 5% & no will)
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Single Heir Rule
• If no surviving eligible grandchildOldest surviving eligible great- grandchild
(less than 5% & no will)
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Single Heir Rule
• If no surviving eligible child, grandchild or great grandchild
Tribe
(less than 5% & no will)
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Single Heir Rule
• If tribe does not have jurisdiction
Equal shares to Co-owners
(less than 5% & no will)
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Summary priority
1. Oldest Surviving Eligible Child
2. Oldest Surviving Grandchild
3. Oldest Surviving great Grandchild
4. Tribe with jurisdiction5. Co-Owner
(less than 5% & no will)
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Example: Single person
•AIPRA defines Single as•Never married•Widowed•Divorced
(less than 5% & no will)
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Example 1: Sara• Single Peron who has no written willNo living parentsNo SpouseNo ChildrenNo GrandchildrenNo Great Grandchildren
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ITI Statement.0173661111 = 1.7% Ft Peck.0156250000 = 1.6% Flathead.0078125000 = 0.8% Blackfeet.0114583333 = 1.1% Ft Peck.0078125000 = 0.8% Flathead.0260416667 = 2.6% Ft Hall
(Each is less than 5%)
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Who receives her interests in land because Sara has no written will and no heirs?
72 State of MT Tribe with
jurisdiction State where land
located Federal
government
0% 0%0%0%
1. State of MT2. Tribe with
jurisdiction3. State where
land located4. Federal
government
Countdown
8
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Single Heir Rule(no will)
• Undivided interest of less than 5% passes to: Tribe with jurisdiction on each reservation
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Tribe on each reservation inherits .0173661111 = 1.7% Ft Peck .0156250000 = 1.6% Flathead .0078125000 = 0.8% Blackfeet .0114583333 = 1.1% Ft Peck .0078125000 = 0.8% Flathead .0260416667 = 2.6% Ft Hall
Because each interest is less than 5%
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Example 2: Single person, no spouse
•Has living Children
(less than 5% & no will)
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Children defined
(AIPRA)•Biological•Must be an eligible heir
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Child Age 19
ChildAge 29
DAD
Example 2: Dad passes away with 2 eligible heirs
(less than 5% & no will)
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78
Dad’s ITI Statement
.0173661111 = 1.7% Ft Peck .0156250000 = 1.6% Flathead .0078125000 = 0.8% Blackfeet .0114583333 = 1.1% Ft Peck .0078125000 = 0.8% Flathead .0260416667 = 2.6% Ft Hall (Each interest is less than 5%)
![Page 79: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Who received the less than 5% interests when Dad has no written will?
79 State of
MT Tribe
where la... Oldestchild
Youngestchild
Federalgovern...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. State of MT2. Tribe where
land located3. Oldest child4. Youngest child5. Federal
government
Countdown
8
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80
Single Heir Rule
•All interests pass to oldest surviving eligible child
(Because each interest is less than 5% & no will)
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81
Child Age 19
ChildAge 29
DAD
Child age 29 receives
(less than 5% & no will)
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82
Passes to oldest child – age 29
.017366111 = 1.7% Ft Peck
.015625000 = 1.6% Flathead
.007812500 = 0.8% Blackfeet
.011458333 = 1.1% Ft Peck
.007812500 = 0.8% Flathead
.026041666 = 2.6% Ft Hall
(Receives interests on each reservation with less than 5%)
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83
Married--AIPRA • AIPRA definition includes as married •Separated•Legal separation•Common law not recognized under AIPRA
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84
Example 3: Married
• Husband passes away•Survivor (wife)
Who is not living on any of the parcels
No children
(interests of less than 5% & no will)
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85
Husband’s ITI Statement .0173661111 = 1.7% Ft Peck .0156250000 = 1.6% Flathead .0078125000 = 0.8% Blackfeet .0114583333 = 1.1% Ft Peck .0078125000 = 0.8% Flathead .0260416667 = 2.6% Ft Hall
(Each interest is less than 5%)
![Page 86: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Who receives the husband’s interest no written will?
86 Federalgovern...
Tribe Spouse Deceasedperso...
Statewhere la...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Federal government
2. Tribe3. Spouse4. Deceased
person’s Parents
5. State where land located
Countdown
8
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87
Single Heir Rule
•There is no surviving eligible: child, or grandchild, or great-grandchild
(less than 5% & no will)
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88
Example 3: Survivor is wife not living on parcel
• All interests pass to Tribe where land located
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89
Passes to Tribe where interest is located
.0173661111 = 1.7% Ft Peck .0156250000 = 1.6% Flathead .0078125000 = 0.8% Blackfeet .0114583333 = 1.1% Ft Peck .0078125000 = 0.8% Flathead .0260416667 = 2.6% Ft Hall
(Each interest is less than 5%)
![Page 90: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
90
Example 3: Wife not living on parcel
•Spouse receives none of the interests.
Why???? Husband owned less than 5%
interests
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91
Example 4:
• Survivors: Husband
Not living on the parcel
3 Children
(interests less than 5% & no will)
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92
Husband
ChildAge 18
ChildAge 22
ChildAge 24
Wife
Example 4: Survivors: Husband & 3 Children (interests of less than 5% & no will)
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93
ITI Statement
.0173661111 = 1.7% Ft Peck .0156250000 = 1.6% Flathead .0078125000 = 0.8% Blackfeet .0114583333 = 1.1% Ft Peck .0078125000 = 0.8% Flathead .0260416667 = 2.6% Ft Hall
(Each interest is less than 5%)
![Page 94: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Who receives the interest if wife doesn’t have a written will?
94 State of MT Tribe OldestSurviving
Child
OldestGrandchild
0% 0%0%0%
1. State of MT2. Tribe3. Oldest
Surviving Child
4. Oldest Grandchild
Countdown
8
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95
Single Heir Rule
•Interests of less than 5% pass to oldest surviving eligible child
(no will)
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96
Husband 0
ChildAge 22
0
ChildAge 24
All
ChildAge 18
0
Wife
Husband & younger children do not inherit (less than 5% & no will)
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97
24 year old receives all
.0173661111 = 1.7% Ft Peck .0156250000 = 1.6% Flathead .0078125000 = 0.8% Blackfeet .0114583333 = 1.1% Ft Peck .0078125000 = 0.8% Flathead .0260416667 = 2.6% Ft Hall
(Because each interest is less than 5%)
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98
Example 5:
•Survivors Wife
•living on one of the parcels
3 children(Interests of less than 5% & no will)
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99
Spouse lives on parcel
.017366111 = 1.7% Flathead
.015625000 = 1.6% Ft Belknap
.007812500 = 0.8% Blackfeet
.011458333 = 1.1% Ft Peck
.007812500 = 0.8% Standing
.026041666 = 2.6% Ft Peck
(Interests of less than 5% & no will)
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100
ChildAge 18
ChildAge 22
Wife Lives on Flathead
parcel
ChildAge 24
Husband
Husband dies
![Page 101: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Who receives the interest no will? (less than 5%)
101 State of
MT Tribe Wife Oldest
Child All
children i...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1.State of MT2.Tribe3.Wife4.Oldest Child5.All children
inherit
Countdown
8
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102
Exception: Single Heir Rule
• If spouse living on parcel: He/she receives life estate on that parcel, including the family home
(Interests of less than 5% & no will)
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103
Wife Life Estate
Husband
Trust Land(Interests less than 5%& no will)
ChildAge 18
0
ChildAge 22
0
ChildAge 24parcels with less than 5%
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104
Life Estate
• Allows life tenant to have possession of property during his/her lifetime–But not ownership of property
(Interest of less than 5% & no will)
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105
Single Heir Rule: No will
• After death of Mom, oldest child (remainderman) receives:Remainder interest
home land
![Page 106: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
106
Upon Mother’s passing oldest child receives:
• Remainder interest–1.7% parcel Flathead
•Includes family home
(less than 5% & no will)
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107
WifeHusband
Spouse passes away(Interests of less than 5% & no will)
Child0
Oldest child Receives Flatheadinterest
Child0
![Page 108: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
108
More information:
•Fact Sheet #7Your undivided interest of less than 5%:
What Happens if you pass away without a written will ?
![Page 109: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
109
Fact Sheet #6
•Your Undivided Interest:
5% or more•What happens if you pass away without a written will?
![Page 110: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
110
To find out how much interest you own:
• Check your Individual Trust Interest Statement
![Page 111: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
ITI Statement…Which one is 5% or more?
111.0173661111 .105625 .0078125 .0114583333 .0478125 .0260416667
0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 0.01736611112. 0.10562500003. 0.00781250004. 0.01145833335. 0.04781250006. 0.0260416667
Countdown
8
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112
ITI Statement which is 5% or more??
0.0173661111 on Ft Peck0.1056250000 on Flathead = 10.5%0.0078125000 on Blackfeet0.0114583333 on Ft Peck0.0478125000 on Flathead0.0260416667 on Ft Hall
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113
Family Situations
Single Married(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
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114
Example 1:
Single Person
• No Children• Parents are living
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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115
5% or more on ITI
.0173661111 = 1.7% Ft Peck
.1056250000 = 10.0% Flathead
.5078125000 = 50.0% Blackfeet
.0114583333 = 1.1% Ft Peck
.0878125000 = 8.0% Flathead
.0260416667 = 2.6% Ft Hall
![Page 116: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
116
Mother
Single Person
Passed Away
Father
Both parents alive
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 117: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
117
Mother
1/2Single Person
Passed Away
Father
1/2
Parents inherit equally
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 118: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
118
Example 2: Single Person
• No children• Mother is only living parent
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 119: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
119
Mother
ALL
Single Person
Passed Away
FatherDeceased
Mother receives all
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 120: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
120
Example : Single Person
•No children•Parents are alive•3 living sisters
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 121: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
121
Single person passed
away after Father & Mother
Sis Sis Sis
Survivors: 3 sisters & parents
Father Mother
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 122: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Mother &Dad e...
Sistersequall...
1/5 to each(m...
Tribe withjur...
0% 0%0%0%
Who receives the interests if they are 5% or more when a single person dies without a will?
122
1. Mother & Dad equally
2. Sisters equally3. 1/5 to each
(mother, dad, three sisters)
4. Tribe with jurisdiction
Countdown
8
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123
Single person passed
away after Father & Mother
Sis0
Sis0
Sis0
Priority are parents
Father1/2
Mother1/2
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 124: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
124
Example 3: Single Person
•No children•Parents are deceased
•3 living sisters
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 125: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
125
Single person passed
away after Father & Mother
Sis Sis Sis
Survivors: 3 sisters
Father Mother
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 126: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
126
Single Person
If parents are deceased, undivided interest passes equally to:
• Brothers & Sisters
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 127: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
127
Single person passed
away after Father & Mother
1/3 1/3 1/3
Equal Amounts to Sisters
Father Mother
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 128: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
128
Example 4:
Single Person
• No children• Parents are deceased• 2 sisters are deceased
• 2 brothers are living(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 129: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
129
BrotherDied 2012
Niece
SisterDied 1995
Nephew Nephew
SisterDied 1982
Nephew
Brother
A
Nephew Nephew
Brother
B
2 Brothers survive
Sisters passedaway before brother
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 130: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
Who receives the interests of 5% or more no will?
130
1. Brothers equally 1/2
2. Niece & nephews equally 1/6 each
3. Brothers, niece & nephews equally 1/8 each
4. Tribe with jurisdiction
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131
BrotherDied 2012
Niece
0
SisterDied 1995
Nephew
0Nephew
0
SisterDied 1982
Nephew
0
Brother
1/2
Nephew
0Nephew
0
Brother
1/2
Equally to Living Brothers
(Interests of 5% or more & no will)
![Page 132: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
132
Example 5: Single Person
• No children• Parents are deceased• 2 sisters & 1 brother are deceased
• 1 brother is living
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 133: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
133
BachelorBrother
Died 2012
Niece
SisterDied 1995
Nephew Nephew
SisterDied 1982
Nephew
BrotherrDied 1980
Nephew Nephew
Brother
(Interests of 5% or more & no will)
Example 5: Single Person
![Page 134: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
Who receives 5% or more interests no will?
134
1. Living brother receives all
2. Niece & nephews equally 1/6 each
3. Living brother, niece & nephew equally 1/7 each
4. Tribe with jurisdiction
![Page 135: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
135
BachelorBrother
Died 2012
Niece
0
SisterDied 1995
Nephew
0Nephew
0
SisterDied 1982
Nephew
0
BrotherDied 1980
Nephew
0Nephew
0
Brother
ALL
Living brother receives all
(Interests of 5% or more & no will)
![Page 136: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
136
Example 6:
Single Person• No children• Parents are deceased• All sisters & brothers deceased
• Survived by niece & nephews
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 137: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
137
BachelorBrother
Died 2012
Niece
0
SisterDied 1995
Nephew
0Nephew
0
SisterDied 1982
Nephew
0
BrotherDied 1980
Nephew
0Nephew
0
BrotherDied 1971
Nieces & Nephews Do NOT Inherit
(Interests of 5% or more no will)
![Page 138: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
138
Distribution
•Land passes to•Tribe where interest in parcel is located
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
![Page 139: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
139
Example 7:
• Single With Children
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
![Page 140: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
140
Survivors : 3 children
SingleParent PassedAway
Child Child Child
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
![Page 141: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
Childrenequal...
Tribe State of MT FederalGovern...
0% 0%0%0%
Who receives interest of 5% or more with no will?
141
1. Children equally 1/3 each
2. Tribe3. State of MT4. Federal
Government
Countdown
8
![Page 142: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
142
Children Share Equally(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
SingleParent PassedAway
Child1/3
Child1/3
Child1/3
![Page 143: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
143
Example 8:
• Single person: 3 living children 6 living grandchildren
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
![Page 144: American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004 (AIPRA)](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/56813e57550346895da84985/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
144
Survivors Children & Grandchildren
Parent
Child
Grandchild
Child
Grandchild
Grandchild
Child
Grandchild
Grandchild
Grandchild
Grandchildren
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
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Who receives interests of 5% or more no written will?
145 Children equal... Grandchildren ... Children and g... Tribe
0% 0%0%0%
1. Children equally 1/3 each
2. Grandchildren equally 1/6 each
3. Children and grandchildren 1/9 each
4. TribeCountdown
8
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Children Share Equally(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
Parent
1/3
0
1/3
0 0
1/3
0 0 0
Grandchildren
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Example 9:
• What if survivors are ?• 1 deceased child who is survived by a child
• 2 living children who have children
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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Parent
Son
Grandchild
Son
Grandchild
Grandchild
Daughter
Grandchild
Grandchild
Grandchild
148
Child passedaway
before parent
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
What does grandchild receive, if any?
Grandchildren
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What share does grandchild receive, if any, if parent owned 5% or more and had no will?
149 None 1/3 1/8 1/6
0% 0%0%0%
1.None2.1/33.1/84.1/6
Countdown
8
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Legal Term
Right of Representation
• Grandchildren have a right to inherit what their parent would have received if he/she had lived
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
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Grandchild inherits by right of representation
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)Parent
Son
1/3
1/3
0 0
1/3
0 0 0
Child passedaway
before parent
Grandchildren
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Example 10:
• What if survivors are? a deceased son who is survived by 1 child
a deceased daughter who is survived by 2 children
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
Survivors: 1 Child & 6 Grandchildren
Parent
Son
Grandchild
Son
Grandchild
Grandchild
Daughter
Grandchild
Grandchild
Grandchild
TwoChildren passedaway
before parent
Grandchildren
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Nothing 1/3 1/6 1/7
0% 0%0%0%
What will grandchild with red lighting bolt receive, if anything, if grandparent owned 5% more?
154
1.Nothing2.1/33.1/64.1/7
Countdown
8
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Right of Representation • Grandchildren receive the share their parent would have received if he/she had lived.
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
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156
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
Survivors: 1 Child & 6 Grandchildren
Parent
Son
1/3
Son
1/6 1/6
1/3
0 0 0
TwoChildren passedaway
before parent
Grandchildren
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Example 11:• What if survivors are?
a deceased son who is survived by 1 child
a deceased daughter who is survived by 3 children
a living child with two kids
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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Survivors: Child & Grandchildren(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
Parent
Son
Grand child
Son
Grand child
Grand child
Daughter
Grand child
Grand child
Grand child
Childpassedaway
before parent
Grandchildren
Childpassedaway
before parent
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Right of Representation
• Grandchildren receive the share their parent would have received if he/she had lived.
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
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Survivors: Child & Grandchildren(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
Parent
Son
1/3
1/3
0 0
Daughter
1/9 1/9 1/9
Childpassedaway
before parent
Grandchildren
Childpassedaway
before parent
Right of Representation
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Example 12:
• What if?• All children passed away before their parents & grandchildren are living?
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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Survivors: Grandchildren
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
Parent
Son
Grand child A
Son
Grand child B
Grand child C
Daughter
Grand child D
Grand child E
Grand child F
Grandchildren
AllChildrenpassedaway
before parent
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What share, if any, will grandchild D receive if grandchildren are only survivors & Grandparent owned 5% or more?
163 1/9 1/3 1/6 None,passes t...
None,passes t...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. 1/92. 1/33. 1/64. None, passes
to Tribe5. None, passes
to Federal government
Countdown
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164
Survivors: Grandchildren
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
Parent
Son
1/3
Son
1/6 1/6
Daughter
1/9 1/9 1/9Grandchildren
AllChildrenpassedaway
before parent
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Example 13:
• What if?• survivors are children, grandchildren & great grandchildren?(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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John
Daughter
Grandchild
0
1/20 0
Son
1/6 1/6 1/6
Child passed
away before parent
John’sGrandchildren
Child passed
away before parent
John’sGreat-
grandchild
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Family situation
•Married person
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Example 1: Married
• No children• Parents are alive (Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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ITI Statement ownership
• .0173661111 = 1.7% Ft Peck• .1056250000 = 10.0% Ft Belknap• .5078125000 = 50.0% Blackfeet• .0114583333 = 1.1% Ft Peck• .0878125000 = 8.0% Standing R• .0260416667 = 2.6% Ft Hall
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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Husband dies; Wife Has Priority
Father Mother
Husband
Wife receives life estate
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
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Wife dies; Husband has priority
Father Mother
Husbandreceives life estate
Wife
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
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Example 2: Married
• Husband passes away Wife living 3 living children
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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Wife
TheirChild
TheirChild
TheirChild
Husband
Survivors
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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ITI Statement ownership
.0173661111 = 1.7% Ft Peck
.1056250000 = 10.0% Ft Belknap
.5078125000 = 50.0% Blackfeet
.0114583333 = 1.1% Ft Peck
.0878125000 = 8.0% Standing R
.0260416667 = 2.6% Ft Hall
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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Wife Life Estate
TheirChild
TheirChild
TheirChild
Husband
Wife – Life Estate
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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Married – no will5% or more interest• Trust property passes to surviving spouse as a life estate without regard to waste.
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Legal Term
•Without regard to waste: Life tenant can do anything to land while the he/she is alive
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Life estate for surviving spouse
• Any income from trust lands during his/her lifetime
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Life estate income
• Spouse receives Lease Royalties Mineral income Rent
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Passing of spouse
• Property held in life estate for wife (mother) passes to the remaindermenChildren
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Wife Life Estate
TheirChild
TheirChild
TheirChild
Husband
Trust property
Remainder Interest
(Interests of 5% or more, no will)
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Remainder Interests
Parent
1/3
0
1/3
0 0
1/3
0 0 0
Grandchildren
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
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Legal term
• Grandchildren inherit remainder interests by Right of Representation
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
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184
Remainder interests(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
Parent
Son
1/3
1/3
0 0
1/3
0 0 0
Grandchildren
Child passedaway
before parent
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185
Remainder Interests
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
Parent
Son
1/3
Son
1/6 1/6
1/3
0 0 0Grandchildren
TwoChildren passedaway
before parent
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Remainder Interests
(Interests of 5% & more, no will)
Parent
Son
1/3
Son
0 0
Daughter
1/9 1/9 1/9Grandchildren
TwoChildren passedaway
before parent
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Summary• Retaining & receiving trust land depends on:Eligible heirs% interest ownedFamily situation Whether a will is written
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Writing a will
•Fact Sheet #9
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Written will• Provides you with the ability to control where your undivided interests in trust lands & IIM money goes
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At what age can I write a will?
• Age 18 & older
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Does a will have to be written?
•YES!!!– Includes
• Typed• Computer software
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Does my will have to be witnessed?
• Federal law--YES• Two disinterested
witnesses
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HOLOGRAPHIC WILL—AIPRA rulesSignature & provisions in handwriting of the will maker
2 disinterested witnesses
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Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
• Limited will drafting services
•Also stores wills
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AIPRA•Special Rule
–If undivided interests are left to more than one person in a written will
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AIPRA presumption
•Heirs Inherit –Joint tenancy with right of survivorship
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Joint Tenancy
• On passing of one–survivors take all
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Example:
•Mary wills her interests in land to her 3 children equally but doesn’t mention title
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AIPRA assumes joint tenancy among children
Parent PassedAway
JT JT JT
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Later one child passes away
Parent PassedAway
JT JT JT
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Second child passes away, property owned by surviving child
Parent PassedAway
JT JT SolelyOwned
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If Mary had left interests as Tenancy in Common among children….
Parent PassedAway
TC1/3
TC1/3
TC1/3
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Later one child passes away
Parent PassedAway
TC
1/6 1/6
1/3 1/3
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Second child passes away
Parent PassedAway
TC
1/9 1/9 1/9
TC
1/3
1/3
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Where to keep your will?
• Safe Place– CSKT offers will storage
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Changing will • Can be changed during lifetime as long as you are competent
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Review Will • Marriage• Remarriage• Divorce• Birth of child• Adoption of child• Passing of heir (con’d)
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Review will (cont’d) • Move to another reservation
• Acquire additional property
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Adopted Child
• Tribal adoption Laws– Treated as child of will maker’s, not biological parents’ child
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Pretermitted child (omitted)• If not mentioned in will • May be able to inherit same share that he/she would have received without a will
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Divorce• Under AIPRA
– Former spouse does not receive property mentioned in will
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Separation-AIPRA
• Separation is not equivalent to divorce–Still married even if separated for years
–Spouse receives what you leave to him/her in will
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Self proved will• Affidavit
–Will maker & witnesses sign & acknowledge they were witnessing the signing of will before notary
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Self proved will•Notary
–Also signs & dates the will
–Use his/her official seal on the will
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Residuary clause
• Last clause– Person to receive any part that may be left after rest of will clauses are carried out
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Summary• Have residuary clause• Be sure to date & sign signature
• Signatures of 2 witnesses are required
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More Information
•Fact Sheet #9
Writing a Will
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American Indian Probate Reform Act (AIPRA)
IIM Accounts are in Trust
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Your (IIM) Account
• Fact Sheet #13
What happens to your IIM money if you pass away without a will?
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IIM accounts• Money earned from
Leases Timber/land sales Grazing Mineral royalty
payments
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Do you have an IIM Account?
221 Yes No Don’t Know
0% 0%0%
1. Yes2. No3. Don’t
KnowCountdown
8
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ASK
• CSKT technician for IIM accounts•Debbie Caye–406-675-2700–Ext. 1015
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How to get my IIM Statement of Account?
•Toll free1-888-678-6836
•Enrollment number•IIM Account number•Last 4 numbers of SS#•Date of birth•Mailing address
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Trust Status• Indian spouse & eligible heirs– retain trust status of money in account
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Non-Indians• Who are left money in IIM by written will
• Secretary of Interior distributes IIM monies directly to them
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IIM distribution
•Depends on family situation– Single– Married
(no will)
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Example 1: Single
• IIM $5,000 no will• Parents are living
–No spouse–No children–No grandchildren–No great grandchildren
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IIM account: $5,000
Mother
$2,500Dad
$2,500
Single Person
(no will)
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Mother
$5,000
Single Person
Father
Passes to surviving eligible parent no will
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Example 2:• If no spouse, no children, no grandchildren, no great grandchildren or no parents
–Brothers & sisters split IIM money
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Single person passed
away after Father & Mother
$1,000 $1,000 $1,000
IIM account: $3,000
Father Mother
IIM (no will)
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Example 3: Single Person
• IIM $3,000–No children–Parents deceased–Has brothers & sisters, some deceased some living
(no will)
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2 living, 2 deceased
Brother
N iece
Sister
Nephew Nephew
Sister
Nephew
Brother
Nephew Nephew
Brother
Sisters passedaway before
brother
$3,000 in deceased Brother’s IIM
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How much will brother with red lighting bolt receive of $3,000 IIM?
234
1.$3,0002.$1,5003.$3754.Nothing
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IIM Distribution
Brother
N iece0
Sister
Nephew0
Nephew0
Sister
Nephew0
Brother
$1,500
Nephew0
Nephew0
Brother
$1,500
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IIM Distribution
Brother
N iece0
Sister
Nephew0
Nephew0
Sister
Nephew0
Brother
0
Nephew0
Nephew0
Brother
$3,000
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Example 4:
•Single– with children
($3,000 IIM no will)
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Survivors : 3 kids
SingleParent PassedAway
Child Child Child
($3,000 IIM no will)
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SingleParent PassedAway
Child$1,000
Child$1,000
Child$1,000
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$3,000 in IIM passes in equal shares
(IIM no will)
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Example 5:
•Single person– 3 living children– 6 living grandchildren
$3,000 in IIM (no will)
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Parent
$1,000
0
$1,000
0 0
$1,000
0 0 0
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Equal shares to children
($3,000 IIM no will)
Grandchildren
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(no will)
$3,000 IIM distribution
Parent
Son
$1,000
$1,000
0 0
$1,0000 0 0
Grandchildren
Child passedaway
before parent
Right of representation
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$3,000 IIM Distribution no will
Parent
Son
$1,000
Son
$500 $500
$1,000
0 0 0
Grandchildren
TwoChildren passedaway
before parent
Right of representation
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$3,000 IIM distribution
Parent
Son
$1,000
$1,000
0 0
Daughter
$333 $333 $333
Grandchildren
TwoChildren passedaway
before parent
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Survivors: grandchildren
($3,000 IIM no will)
Parent
Son
$1,000
Son
$500 $500
Daughter
$333 $333 $333
Grandchildren
AllChildrenpassedaway
before parent
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Summary
• IIM Account Distribution– depends upon family situation for a single person
(no will)
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Married Person $2,000 IIM•Survivor–Wife–No children (no will)
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HusbandWife
$2,000
$2,000 IIM no will
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Wife
TheirChild
TheirChild
Husband
$9,000 IIM account
Wife
TheirChild
Husband
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How is the $9,000 in the IIM account divided?
250 $9,000 wife $3,000 toeach...
$3,000 towife...
$4,500 towife...
0% 0%0%0%
1. $9,000 wife2. $3,000 to each
child, 0 to wife3. $3,000 to wife,
$2,000 to each child
4. $4,500 to wife, $1,500 to each child
Countdown
8
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Wife1/3
$3,000
TheirChild
$2,000
TheirChild
$2,000
TheirChild
$2,000
Husband
IIM $9,000 no will
Equally divide 2/3 = $6,000
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Wife$3,000
TheirChild
$2,000
TheirChild
$2,000
TheirChild
$2,000
Husband $9,000
Equally divide 2/3 = $6,000
Grand Child
$1,000
Grand Child
$1,000
Grand Child
0
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Summary
•If AIPRA rules don’t fit your family, write a will
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Resources
•CSKT–George Ducharme–Carolee Wendeworth–Dan Decker–Rose Tellier
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Resources • Indian Land Tenure Foundation–Message Runner Volume 5–www.iltf.org–151 East County Road B2 Little Canada, MN
–55117-1523
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Resources
• Indian Lands Working Group–Indianlandworkinggroup.org–2401 12th Street NWAlbuquerque, NM 87104
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Your Opinion Please
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What is your reaction to using the response clickers?
258
1. Like using them
2. Sort of useful3. So-So4. Not too
impressed5. Didn’t like
using them at all
Countdown
8
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How did you learn about this meeting?
259
1. Newspaper2. Invited by a
friend3. Radio4. Newsletter5. Flyer6. Other, write
on card
Countdown
8
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What area would you like to receive more information?
260
1. Understand my ITI statement
2. Writing a will3. Provisions of
AIPRA4. Other, write
on card
Countdown
8
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What is your opinion of the co-sponsors displays?
261 Excellent Verygood
Average So-So Nothelpful
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Excellent2. Very good3. Average4. So-So5. Not helpful
Countdown
8
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Rank the knowledge you gained from today’s program
262
1. Didn’t learn anything new
2. Gained a little3. Neutral4. Gained some5. Gained a lot
Countdown
8
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Rank the level of motivation that this program provided for you take actions.
263
1. No motivation2. A little
motivation3. Neutral4. Some
motivation5. Lots of
motivationCountdown
8
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Best wishes as you proceed with learning more about AIPRA through the packet of information
Marsha, Nori, Dan, Rose & the co-sponsors