American American Indian Indian

CulturesCulturesof of

TexasTexas

CultureCulture- the customs, beliefs, ideas, - the customs, beliefs, ideas, etc. of a society or group of people.etc. of a society or group of people.

What is the culture like here in Houston, What is the culture like here in Houston, Texas?Texas?

What do you think the culture was like for What do you think the culture was like for Native Americans?Native Americans?

Vocabulary• Culture- the customs, beliefs, ideas, etc. of a society

or group of people.• Race- a class or kind of people unified by community

of interests, habits, appearances, or characteristics with common ancestors.

• Custom- a practice common to many people or to a particular place or class of people.

• Tradition- a customary pattern of thought, action, or behaviors.

• Ethnicity- people that share racial, cultural, and/or common language characteristics.

• Nationality- coming from the same nation.• Tribe- social group made up of many families.

4 Cultures of Indians in TX

•Gulf CultureGulf Culture

•Southeastern Culture•Plains Culture

•Puebloan Culture

Gulf CultureGulf CultureTribesTribes::

KarankawaKarankawa

•CoahuiltecanCoahuiltecan

(Ka+rawk+a(Ka+rawk+a+wa)+wa)

(Co+a+wilt+i+(Co+a+wilt+i+can)can)

Gulf CultureGulf Culture

HousingHousing: Nomadic : Nomadic campsites (moved every campsites (moved every few weeks)few weeks)

Food SourcesFood Sources: Fishing : Fishing from Gulf of Mexico & from Gulf of Mexico & rivers, hunting animals, & rivers, hunting animals, & gathering fruits & herbs.gathering fruits & herbs.

Daily lifeDaily life: Matrilineal; : Matrilineal; women took care of the women took care of the campsite; men hunted. campsite; men hunted. Made dugout canoes.Made dugout canoes.

Religions & customsReligions & customs: : Had many Gods; Shamans Had many Gods; Shamans were important for were important for religious ceremonies.religious ceremonies.

Karankawa

Karankawa

Coahuilteca

Coahuilteca

nn

Southeastern Southeastern CultureCulture

CaddoCaddo

WichitaWichita

Atakapa

cAd+OcAd+OAttack+a+Attack+a+papa

which+it+which+it+aa

Southeastern Southeastern CultureCulture• Housing: large dome shaped

homes with woven straw • Food Sources: farming,

hunting when available and fishing

• Daily Life: Men cleared the fields & women planted & tended the crops

• Religions & Customs: Groups of Caddo made up a Confederacy (union; matrilineal)

• Each group had 2 leaders; Political leader & Spiritual leader

Southeastern Culture

Made dug out canoes.

AtakapAtakapaa

WichitWichitaa CaddCadd

oo

Plains Culture TribesPlains Culture Tribes

TonkawTonkawaa

ApacApacheheComancComanc

hehe KiowKiowaaKi+uh+Ki+uh+

wawa

Plains Culture• Housing: animal skin

tepees• Food Sources: hunting

bison (buffalo) & gathering fruits & herbs

• Daily Life: Nomadic, skilled horsemen; Culture centered on hunting & war; excellent horsemanship

• Religions & Customs: Males expected to become warriors; Recorded their history with painted pictures on bison hides. Fought other tribes for territory (hunting grounds)

Plains Culture• Skilled horseman that hunted the bison

KiowaKiowa

ApachApachee

TonkawTonkawaa

ComanchComanchee

Why did the American Indians of the Plains CultureWhy did the American Indians of the Plains Culturelive in tepees unlike other native cultures?live in tepees unlike other native cultures?

Puebloan Culture Puebloan Culture tribestribes

TiguaTiguass

JumanosJumanoshoo+mon+hoo+mon+oo

Teg+wTeg+waa

Puebloan Culture• Housing: Adobe homes

• Food SourcesFood Sources: hunt, gather, : hunt, gather, & farmed using irrigation & farmed using irrigation from riversfrom rivers

• Daily Life: traded goods with other tribes

• Religions & Customs:Had striped tattoos on their

face so other tribes would recognize them as peaceful traders. Traditional Tiguas had a matrilineal culture

TiguasTiguas

JumanosJumanos