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CHAPTER TWENTY- SEVEN America at Midcentury, 1952– 1963

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Page 1: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN

America at Midcentury, 1952–

1963

Page 2: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

PART ONE:

Introduction

Page 3: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Chapter Focus Questions

What characterized post-World War II prosperity?

What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the reality?

What characterized the emergence of youth culture?

What were the criticisms of television and mass culture?

What characterized foreign policy in the Eisenhower years?

Who was John F. Kennedy and what was the promise of a New Frontier?

Page 4: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

PART TWO:

Popular Music in Memphis

Page 5: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Memphis

Segregated Memphis. Elvis Presley. Sam Phillips. White and black music blend. Rock ‘n’ roll.

Page 6: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

PART THREE:

American Society at Midcentury

Page 7: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

The Eisenhower Presidency

President Dwight D. Eisenhower . Business-like government. Rejects conservatives’ calls. Real wages rise.

Page 8: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Subsidizing Prosperity

Federal subsidies Levittown. The federal government:

GI Bill interstate highway system Education funding

Page 9: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Suburban Life

Suburban life: domestic ideal housewife

Suburban growth. Church attendance. Chart: Growth of Suburbs Religion—fit in.

Page 10: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

FIGURE 27.1 The Growth of the Suburbs, 1950–70 Suburban growth,

at the expense of older inner cities, was one of the key social trends in

the twenty-five years following World War II. By 1970, more Americans

lived in suburbs than in either inner cities or rural areas.

SOURCE:Adapted from U.S.Bureau of the Census,Current Censuses, 1930 –1970 (Washington DC:U.S.Government Printing Office,1975).

Page 11: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

California and Suburban Life

California embodied postwar suburban life

Cars connected its components. Chart: L.A. County Population

Page 12: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

FIGURE 27.2 L. A. County Population 1920–80

Page 13: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Organized Labor and the AFL-CIO

Trade unions. AFL-CIO. Numbers decline.

Page 14: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Lonely Crowds and Organizational Men

Suburbs. Conformist. Personality sells.

Page 15: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

The Expansion of Higher Education

Baby boom. Higher Ed. Students=corporate values

Page 16: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Health and Medicine

Immunization. Medicines. Doctor shortages.. AMA.

Page 17: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

PART FOUR:

Youth Culture

Page 18: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

The Youth Market

“Teenager”. Purchasing power. Teenagers portrayed as special.

Page 19: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

“Hail! Hail! Rock ‘n’ Roll”

Radio. Cross-over music. Cover versions. Alan Freed.. Chuck Berry.

Page 20: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Almost Grown

Rock ‘n’ roll. Teenagers torn. Rock ’n roll dangerous. Juvenile delinquency. Popular.

Page 21: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

PART FIVE:

Mass Culture and Its Discontents

Page 22: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Television: Tube of Plenty

Television. Advertising and TV. Early TV .. Sitcoms. Movies and TV. Fads and sensations. Chart: Radio and Television Ownership, 1940–1960

Page 23: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

FIGURE 27.3 Radio and Television Ownership, 1940–60 By 1960 nearly 90 percent

of American households owned at least one television set, as

TV replaced radio as the nation’s dominant mass

medium of entertainment. Radio ownership rose as well,

but Americans increasingly listened to radio as an

accompaniment to other activities, such as driving.

Page 24: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Television and Politics

Prime-time--no references to political issues.

Television brought congressional hearings

Slick ads for presidential campaigns.

Page 25: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Culture Critics

Critics. “Middlebrow Culture”. The Beats.

Page 26: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

PART SIX:

The Cold War Continued

Page 27: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

The “New Look” in Foreign Affairs

Nuclear option. Dulles. Foreign policy “new look”.

Page 28: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Foreign Affairs

Anticommunist uprisings. Gary Powers.

Page 29: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Covert Action and Intervention

Eisenhower pro covert action. The CIA. Iran. Israel and Suez..

Page 30: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Intervention in the Caribbean

Map: The U. S. in the Caribbean Guatemala.

Page 31: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

MAP 27.1 The U.S. in the Caribbean, 1948–66 U.S. military intervention and economic presence grew steadily in the Caribbean following World War II. After 1960, opposition to the

Cuban Revolution dominated U.S. Caribbean policies.

Page 32: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Vietnam

Vietnam. Domino theory. Vietnam divided.

Page 33: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Ike’s Warning

Nuclear anxiety. “Military industrial complex.”

Page 34: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

PART SEVEN:

John F. Kennedy and the New

Frontier

Page 35: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

The Election of 1960

Map: the Election of 1960 JFK. Richard Nixon. JFK innaugurtion.

Page 36: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

MAP 27.2 The Election of 1960 Kennedy’s popular vote margin over Nixon was only a little over 100,000, making this one of the closest elections in American

history.

Page 37: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

New Frontier Liberalism

Liberal agenda. Female equality. Economy. Space. Strong executive branch.

Page 38: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Kennedy and the Cold War

Eased tensions Green Berets, weaponry . Alliance for Progress.

Page 39: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

The Cuban Revolution and the Bay of Pigs

Fidel Castro. No US relations. Bay of Pigs. The plan failed.

Page 40: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

The Missile Crisis

Cuban missiles. Blockade. Soviets backed down. JFK pledged no invasion. Cooperation with Soviets.

Page 41: America at Midcentury, 1952–1963. Introduction What characterized post-World War II prosperity? What was the ideal of suburban life? What was the

Assassination

November 22, 1963.


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