America and America and Georgia Go to WarGeorgia Go to WarChapter 16 Chapter 16

Section OneSection One

Pages 351-356Pages 351-356

Daily Ten Ch 16 Section 1Daily Ten Ch 16 Section 1

1.1. Imperialism-policy of extending a Imperialism-policy of extending a nation’s authority by territorial nation’s authority by territorial acquisition of coloniesacquisition of colonies

2.2. NationalismNationalism

3.3. MilitarismMilitarism

4.4. Allied PowersAllied Powers

Daily Ten Section 1Daily Ten Section 1

5. Central Powers5. Central Powers

6. Woodrow Wilson6. Woodrow Wilson

7. Selective Service Act7. Selective Service Act

8. Spanish Influenza Epidemic8. Spanish Influenza Epidemic

EQ: How did WWI affect EQ: How did WWI affect the Southern economy?the Southern economy?

The war created a demand for Southern The war created a demand for Southern products, products, causing the economy to growcausing the economy to grow Factories spread throughout the SouthFactories spread throughout the South Wagons, carts, chemicals, explosives, coal, Wagons, carts, chemicals, explosives, coal,

iron, steel, timber, cottoniron, steel, timber, cotton Textiles for uniformsTextiles for uniforms Food and cigarettesFood and cigarettes Money paid off debtMoney paid off debt

EQ: What concerns did EQ: What concerns did citizens have during the citizens have during the war?war?

Meat was scarceMeat was scarce Gasoline was scarceGasoline was scarce They worried about the safety of their They worried about the safety of their

soldierssoldiers They worried about spiesThey worried about spies They were worried about attacks on They were worried about attacks on

home soilhome soil

EQ: How were our 1EQ: How were our 1stst Amendment rights Amendment rights restricted during the war?restricted during the war?

Illegal to speak out against (Illegal to speak out against (for the for the sake of national security)sake of national security) the Presidentthe President the troopsthe troops the flagthe flag even the Boy Scoutseven the Boy Scouts

EQ: How did women EQ: How did women contribute to the war effort?contribute to the war effort?

They worked in Red Cross canteens They worked in Red Cross canteens providing food and beverages to soldiers providing food and beverages to soldiers in training campsin training camps

They knit socks, sweaters, and made They knit socks, sweaters, and made hospital gownshospital gowns

They became nurses’ aides, hospital They became nurses’ aides, hospital volunteers, and drove ambulancesvolunteers, and drove ambulances

EQ: What is EQ: What is SARSSARS??

SSevere evere AAcute cute RRespiratory espiratory SSyndromeyndrome First reported as the Spanish influenza First reported as the Spanish influenza

epidemic (an outbreak of a contagious epidemic (an outbreak of a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and widely)disease that spreads rapidly and widely)

Spread by WWI soldiersSpread by WWI soldiers Killed 675,000 Americans, 25 million Killed 675,000 Americans, 25 million

worldwide during WWIworldwide during WWI

Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles

In World War IIn World War IThe most important treaty signed at Versailles (in the The most important treaty signed at Versailles (in the

Hall of Mirrors) was that of 1919. It was the chief Hall of Mirrors) was that of 1919. It was the chief among the five peace treaties that terminated among the five peace treaties that terminated World War I. The other four were Saint-Germain, World War I. The other four were Saint-Germain, for Austria; Trianon, for Hungary; Neuilly, for for Austria; Trianon, for Hungary; Neuilly, for Bulgaria; and Sèvres, for Turkey. Signed on June Bulgaria; and Sèvres, for Turkey. Signed on June 28, 1919, by Germany on the one hand and by the 28, 1919, by Germany on the one hand and by the Allies (except Russia) on the other hand, the Allies (except Russia) on the other hand, the Treaty of Versailles embodied the results of the Treaty of Versailles embodied the results of the long and often bitter negotiations of the Paris long and often bitter negotiations of the Paris Peace Conference of 1919.Peace Conference of 1919.

Treaty of Versailles, Treaty of Versailles, cont’dcont’d

The outstanding figures in the negotiations The outstanding figures in the negotiations leading to the treaty were Woodrow leading to the treaty were Woodrow WilsonWilson for for the United States, the United States, Clemenceau Clemenceau for France, for France, George for England, and Orlando for Italy—the George for England, and Orlando for Italy—the so-called Big Four. Germany, as the defeated so-called Big Four. Germany, as the defeated power, was not included in the consultation. power, was not included in the consultation. Woodrow Wilson’s main objectives, the Woodrow Wilson’s main objectives, the formation of the League of Nations, were formation of the League of Nations, were embodied in the treaty. However, the U.S. embodied in the treaty. However, the U.S. Senate refused to ratify the treaty, and the Senate refused to ratify the treaty, and the United States merely declared the war with United States merely declared the war with Germany at an end in 1921.Germany at an end in 1921.

Treaty of Versailles, Treaty of Versailles, cont’dcont’d

The treaty formally placed the responsibility for the war The treaty formally placed the responsibility for the war on Germany and its allies and imposed on Germany on Germany and its allies and imposed on Germany the burden of the reparations payments. The chief the burden of the reparations payments. The chief territorial clauses were those placing the former territorial clauses were those placing the former German colonies under League of Nations mandates German colonies under League of Nations mandates and awarding the Polish Corridor to Poland. and awarding the Polish Corridor to Poland.

The German army was reduced to a maximum of The German army was reduced to a maximum of 100,000 soldiers, the German navy was similarly 100,000 soldiers, the German navy was similarly reduced, and Germany was forbidden to build major reduced, and Germany was forbidden to build major weapons of aggression. Germany, after futile protests, weapons of aggression. Germany, after futile protests, accepted the treaty, which became effective in Jan, accepted the treaty, which became effective in Jan, 1920.1920.

Treaty of Versailles, Treaty of Versailles, cont’dcont’d

Later, German dissatisfaction with the terms of the Later, German dissatisfaction with the terms of the treaty traditionally has been thought to have played treaty traditionally has been thought to have played an important part in the rise of the Nazi movement. an important part in the rise of the Nazi movement. Reparation (compensation in money, material, or Reparation (compensation in money, material, or labor payable by a defeated country to another labor payable by a defeated country to another country for the loss suffered as a result of war) country for the loss suffered as a result of war) payments, the most ruinous part of the treaty, were payments, the most ruinous part of the treaty, were suspended in 1931 and were never resumed. suspended in 1931 and were never resumed.

In 1935 Chancellor Adolf Hitler unilaterally canceled the In 1935 Chancellor Adolf Hitler unilaterally canceled the military clauses of the treaty. In 1936 he began the military clauses of the treaty. In 1936 he began the remilitarization of the Rhineland. Controversy remilitarization of the Rhineland. Controversy continues as to whether the treaty was justified, too continues as to whether the treaty was justified, too harsh, or not harsh enough.harsh, or not harsh enough.

Posttest QuestionPosttest Question

The “final blow” that led President Woodrow The “final blow” that led President Woodrow Wilson to ask Congress to declare war Wilson to ask Congress to declare war against the Central Powers against the Central Powers

a. the sinking of the Lusitaniaa. the sinking of the Lusitania

b. the Zimmerman telegraphb. the Zimmerman telegraph

c. anti-German propaganda in the USc. anti-German propaganda in the US

d. d. Germans sneaking across the US borderGermans sneaking across the US border

World War One Graphic World War One Graphic OrganizerOrganizer

CausesMilitarism, Militarism, Nationalism, and Nationalism, and ImperialismImperialism

Allied PowersAllied Powers28 countries 28 countries including England, including England, France, Russia, France, Russia, Italy, Belgium, Italy, Belgium, Greece, Albania, Greece, Albania, Portugal, Japan, USPortugal, Japan, US

Central PowersCentral PowersGermany, Austria-Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Hungary, Turkey, BulgariaBulgaria

ResolutionResolutionThe two sides The two sides signed an armistice signed an armistice in 1918, ending the in 1918, ending the fightingfighting

Effects on Effects on GeorgiaGeorgiaImproved economy, Improved economy, meat & gas in short meat & gas in short supply, soldiers supply, soldiers brought back brought back Spanish fluSpanish flu

Answer Main Idea Answer Main Idea questions –page 356 questions –page 356

a.a. What were the conditions in What were the conditions in Europe that led to WWI?Europe that led to WWI?

b.b. What was Woodrow Wilson’s What was Woodrow Wilson’s position on the war in Europe position on the war in Europe when it started?when it started?

c.c. How did women support the war How did women support the war effort?effort?

AnswersAnswers

a.a. Countries in Europe wanted more Countries in Europe wanted more colonies. The assassination of the colonies. The assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand by a Serbian led Archduke Ferdinand by a Serbian led to war between Austria-Hungary and to war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia. Other countries joined in to Serbia. Other countries joined in to come to each other’s defense.come to each other’s defense.

b.b. He did not want to become involved He did not want to become involved at first.at first.

Answers, continuedAnswers, continued

c. c. They joined groups like the Red They joined groups like the Red Cross, to provide food and clothing Cross, to provide food and clothing to soldiers. They also served in to soldiers. They also served in Europe as volunteers and nurses’ Europe as volunteers and nurses’ aides.aides.

The Roaring Twenties The Roaring Twenties and a New Generationand a New Generation

Section TwoSection Two Pages 357-362Pages 357-362

Daily Ten Ch 16 Sec 2Daily Ten Ch 16 Sec 2 ProhibitionProhibition

9. 199. 19thth Amendment Amendment

10. Great Migration10. Great Migration

11. Henry Ford11. Henry Ford

12. Propaganda12. Propaganda

EQ: What kind of social EQ: What kind of social changes took place during changes took place during the 1920’s?the 1920’s? Women started working outside Women started working outside

the homethe home Prohibition became lawProhibition became law Women gained the right to voteWomen gained the right to vote

EQ: How did the situation of EQ: How did the situation of African Americans in African Americans in Georgia change?Georgia change?

The Great Migration-movement of 1.5 The Great Migration-movement of 1.5 million Southern blacks to cities in the million Southern blacks to cities in the North after WWINorth after WWI

Over 100,000 African Americans left Over 100,000 African Americans left GeorgiaGeorgia

Marcus Garvey started the “Back to Marcus Garvey started the “Back to Africa” movementAfrica” movement

EQ: Why did a mob feel EQ: Why did a mob feel justified in lynching Leo Frank? justified in lynching Leo Frank?

Mary Phagan, 13, found murderedMary Phagan, 13, found murdered Frank managed the factory where she worked, he Frank managed the factory where she worked, he

was Jewish, from New Yorkwas Jewish, from New York He was tried, found guilty, sentenced to death He was tried, found guilty, sentenced to death 2 years later GA governor changed his sentence to 2 years later GA governor changed his sentence to

lifelife Furious, men kidnapped Frank, took him to Marietta Furious, men kidnapped Frank, took him to Marietta

and lynched himand lynched him In 1982, Alonzo Mann confessed-he had witnessed In 1982, Alonzo Mann confessed-he had witnessed

someone else at the scenesomeone else at the scene Leo Frank was pardoned seventy years after his Leo Frank was pardoned seventy years after his

deathdeath

EQ: Why did the KKK EQ: Why did the KKK become so popular in the become so popular in the 1920s?1920s?

People were afraid of changePeople were afraid of change New peopleNew people

Lashed out with hatredLashed out with hatred Primarily against Blacks, Jews, Primarily against Blacks, Jews,

CatholicsCatholics Rapid growthRapid growth

Against Scalawags and CarpetbaggersAgainst Scalawags and Carpetbaggers Changing moralsChanging morals

ProhibitionProhibition

EQ: Why was there a need EQ: Why was there a need for improved roads in the for improved roads in the South?South?

The average person could now afford an The average person could now afford an automobileautomobile

By 1913, Henry ford was using the assembly By 1913, Henry ford was using the assembly line and interchangeable parts to streamline line and interchangeable parts to streamline production of the car-“Car Culture”production of the car-“Car Culture”

The Federal Aid Road Act-states worked with The Federal Aid Road Act-states worked with the federal government to improve roadsthe federal government to improve roads

Dixie Highway was built from the Great Lakes Dixie Highway was built from the Great Lakes to the Florida Keys, running through Georgiato the Florida Keys, running through Georgia

EQ: How did the EQ: How did the construction of Dixie construction of Dixie Highway affect Georgia?Highway affect Georgia?

It brought tourists through Georgia It brought tourists through Georgia who then spent moneywho then spent money

It gave Georgians better access to It gave Georgians better access to Northern statesNorthern states

EQ: What came before EQ: What came before the credit card?the credit card?

The installment planThe installment plan Allowed consumers to buy items with a Allowed consumers to buy items with a

small down payment now and the small down payment now and the balance due in the futurebalance due in the future

Helped people buy the things they Helped people buy the things they wanted NOW even when they didn’t have wanted NOW even when they didn’t have the cash to pay for themthe cash to pay for them

Main Idea questions-page Main Idea questions-page 362-#3362-#3

a.a. Why were groups such as the Why were groups such as the KKK able to survive in the 1920s?KKK able to survive in the 1920s?

b.b. In what way did the automobile In what way did the automobile change America’s landscape?change America’s landscape?

c.c. How did buying on credit change How did buying on credit change American lifestyles?American lifestyles?

AnswersAnswers

a.a. Groups like the KKK were revived because Groups like the KKK were revived because many people were afraid of the social many people were afraid of the social changes that were happening around them. changes that were happening around them. They joined these groups in hopes that They joined these groups in hopes that they could keep their world from changing.they could keep their world from changing.

b.b. Cars became a necessity for people. More Cars became a necessity for people. More than 27 million cars were on roads, so more than 27 million cars were on roads, so more highways had to be built. Therefore, new highways had to be built. Therefore, new car manufacturers opened, as well as other car manufacturers opened, as well as other businesses catering to people with cars.businesses catering to people with cars.

Answers, continuedAnswers, continued

c. People could buy what they c. People could buy what they wanted even when they did not wanted even when they did not have the cash. They could now have the cash. They could now buy items that were previously buy items that were previously considered luxury items, because considered luxury items, because they could buy them over time on they could buy them over time on credit.credit.

Georgia’s Economy in the Georgia’s Economy in the 1920’s1920’s

Section ThreeSection ThreePages 363-365Pages 363-365

Daily Ten Sec 3 Ch 16Daily Ten Sec 3 Ch 1613. Kaolin13. Kaolin

14. William Hartsfield14. William Hartsfield

15. Boll Weevil15. Boll Weevil

16. Coca Cola (CRCT book)16. Coca Cola (CRCT book)

EQ: How did Georgia’s EQ: How did Georgia’s cities change?cities change?

For the first time ever, more people lived For the first time ever, more people lived in towns and cities than in the countryin towns and cities than in the country

Atlanta attracted national business Atlanta attracted national business through the “Atlanta Forward” campaignthrough the “Atlanta Forward” campaign

Special programs offered free land and Special programs offered free land and low or no taxes to new businesseslow or no taxes to new businesses

EQ: Who convinced EQ: Who convinced Atlanta’s mayor to invest in Atlanta’s mayor to invest in the future of airplanes?the future of airplanes?

William B. HartsfieldWilliam B. Hartsfield He believed that airplanes would He believed that airplanes would

become the newest form of become the newest form of transportation for people, mail, and transportation for people, mail, and goodsgoods

1925, Atlanta acquired the Atlanta 1925, Atlanta acquired the Atlanta Speedway for Candler FieldSpeedway for Candler Field

EQ: How did the recession EQ: How did the recession and the boll weevil affect and the boll weevil affect cotton prices?cotton prices?

RecessionRecession Cotton fell from 35 cents a pound to Cotton fell from 35 cents a pound to

10 cents a pound10 cents a pound Farmers could not make a profitFarmers could not make a profit

Boll weevil Boll weevil ate cotton balls, further devastating ate cotton balls, further devastating

cotton profitscotton profits Cotton crops decreased by 75 percentCotton crops decreased by 75 percent

EQ: Why did many of EQ: Why did many of Georgia’s farmers move to Georgia’s farmers move to nearby cities?nearby cities?

They did not have tractors, running They did not have tractors, running water, electricity, or indoor plumbingwater, electricity, or indoor plumbing

They left to work in textile mills or They left to work in textile mills or cash paying jobscash paying jobs

Posttest QuestionPosttest Question

What two natural disasters destroyed What two natural disasters destroyed the cotton crop in the 1920s?the cotton crop in the 1920s?

a.a. Floods and the boll weevilFloods and the boll weevil

b.b. Dust storms and droughtDust storms and drought

c.c. Drought and the boll weevilDrought and the boll weevil

d.d. Consecutive years of spring freeze Consecutive years of spring freeze combined with the boll weevilcombined with the boll weevil

Main Idea Questions-Main Idea Questions-page 365-#3. a.b.c.page 365-#3. a.b.c.

a. a. With all the new industry, why was With all the new industry, why was Georgia's economy still weak in the Georgia's economy still weak in the 1920s?1920s?

b. How did Georgia’s towns and cities b. How did Georgia’s towns and cities attract new businesses and people?attract new businesses and people?

c. How did Atlanta get its first airport, c. How did Atlanta get its first airport, Candler Field?Candler Field?

AnswersAnswers

a.a. Farmers were hit hard by the recession, Farmers were hit hard by the recession, and boll weevils killed many crops.and boll weevils killed many crops.

b.b. They advertised and organized They advertised and organized campaigns to attract new businesses campaigns to attract new businesses and people.and people.

c.c. Hartsfield convinced the mayor to invest Hartsfield convinced the mayor to invest in the future of airplanes. Land was in the future of airplanes. Land was acquired in 1925.acquired in 1925.