AMCA InternationalTechnical Seminar 2009

Energy Efficiency Energy Efficiency Classification for FansClassification for Fans

John Cermak, Ph.D., P.Eng., M.Sc.Executive Vice President

ACME Engineering and Manufacturing Corp.

The Air Movement and Control Association International The Air Movement and Control Association International (AMCA), has met the standards and requirements of the (AMCA), has met the standards and requirements of the Registered Continuing Education Providers Program. Registered Continuing Education Providers Program. Credit earned on completion of this program will be Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to the RCEPP. A certificate of completion will be reported to the RCEPP. A certificate of completion will be issued to each participant. As such, it does not include issued to each participant. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by NCEES or RCEPP.approval or endorsement by NCEES or RCEPP.

Learning Objectives

• Learn about the current actions in fan industry leading to immediate and long term improvement in energy consumption by fans

• Understand the choices of the corner stones for building the AMCA Int’l initiative in ASHRAE and ISO

• Learn about importance of fan total pressure for finding energy savings

• Understand how fan selection impacts energy consumption of fans

• Understand how knowledge of the fan discharge energy contributes to successful fan selection from energy consumption point

• Learn about standardization of fan energy efficiency for better usage of energy by fans

Fan Industry

Energy Consumption Challenge

What is Happening?

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What is happening

ASHRAEASHRAE– 90.1 Standard (revision 2010)

– TC 5.1 Fans - ad hoc WG 90.1

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What is happening

AMCA InternationalAMCA International

– Mid-year and annual meetings 08– Fan Committee – SC for AMCA 205– AMCA Standard 205 “Energy

Efficiency Classification for Fans”

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What is happening

ISO/TC 117 ISO/TC 117 FansFans– WG 11 Fan Efficiency

– DIS 12759 Energy Classification

for fans

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What is happening

AMCA International AMCA International active in

ASHRAEASHRAE ANSIANSI ISO ISO

Purpose

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Purpose

AMCA International AMCA International supporting

Legislative bodies

Regulatory bodies

in U.S.A.

as well as in other countries

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Purpose

Establishing ways and goals

to achieve significant energy

savings in usage of fans

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Purpose

Making the application of fans

fitting the energy consumption

goals without making it difficult

Corner Stones

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Corner Stones

Fan energy efficiency based

on fan total pressure

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Corner Stones

Tool for regulative bodies

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Corner Stones

Support fan manufacturers’

effort to improve the energy

efficiency of their products

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Corner Stones

As much as possible keep one series in one efficiency grade

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Corner Stones

Fan peak total efficiency of a fan series is dependent on fan size

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Corner Stones

Defining areas of responsibility for:

Fan manufacturerFan manufacturer

Motor manufacturerMotor manufacturer

HVAC system designerHVAC system designer

Fan Total Pressure

Why?

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Total or Static?

Fan creates pressures:

dynamic (velocity)

andand

static

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Total or Static

Both pressures are also specific specific energiesenergies a unit of flow exerted into the air by a fan

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Total or Static?

• Fan is a device to create air flow as its primaryprimary function

• The motionmotion of the air carries dynamicdynamic (velocity) energy

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Total or Static?

Fan total pressure Fan total pressure is sum of

dynamic (velocity) pressure

andand

static pressure

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Answer

For fan selection are needed at least two from the three fanpressures:

totaltotal and velocityvelocity staticstatic and velocityvelocity totaltotal and staticstatic

Fan Selection

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Fan Selection

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Fan Selection

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Fan Selection

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Fan Selection

• Matching the pressure drop across the system against fan static pressure does notdoes not give the correct flow, fan size and power

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Fan Selection

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Fan Selection

Using Fan Discharge Energy

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Using Discharge Energy

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Using Discharge Energy

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Using Discharge Energy

Fan Characteristics

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Fan Energy Efficiency

• Fan is a device creating air flow and transferring energy transferring energy from the motor into the air

• Fan Total Pressure Fan Total Pressure is the total energy exerted into air by fan

Fan Energy Efficiency

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Fan Energy Efficiency

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Fan Energy Efficiency

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Fan Energy Efficiency

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Fan Energy Efficiency

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Fan Energy Efficiency

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Fan energy Fan energy (total) efficiencyefficiency

FanFan total energy Energy from motormotor

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pTE

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pTE

pTE

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The characteristic

of the fan energy

transformation

quality is

fanfan peak totalpeak total efficiency efficiency

pTE

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Fan total efficiencyFan total efficiency

changes along the

fan pressure curve

significantly

Fan size and pTE

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pTE

At constant tip speed the fanpTEpTE of a fan Series changes with the fan size

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pTE and Fan Size

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pTE and Fan Size

As a base fan

size was chosen

impeller size of

1000 mm (40”)1000 mm (40”)

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Fan Size Effect

The Size Effect Size Effect includes effects–Reynolds number

–changes in flow pattern

–impact of volumetric and mechanical losses

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Fan Size Effect

The Size Effect Size Effect includes effects–deviations from geometrical

similarity from size to size

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Fan Size Effect

The character of the Size EffectSize Effectchanges from one fan Series toanother

Design of FEG System

FEG = Fan Efficiency Grade

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FEG System

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30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Op

tim

um

(p

ea

k)

fan

eff

icie

nc

y(%

)

Fan size (mm)

FEG90

FEG85

FEG80

FEG75

FEG71

FEG63

FEG67

FEG60

FEG56

FEG53

FEG50

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FEG System

• Grade labels in preferred numbers

e.g. FEG 8080, 71, 63 71, 63 etc.

• Layer thickness is Layer thickness is 6%6%

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Grade Label

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Grade Label

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Grade Label

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Grade Label

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Grade Label

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Grade Label

Attached Conditions

Using these conditions would yield the fastest energy

savings

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Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

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Off Peak Load

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Part Load

Part Load

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Part Load

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Part Load

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Part Load

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System Effects

Restrictions on usage of “system effects”

Result

Defined Areas of Responsibility

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Areas of Responsibility

Fan manufacturerFan manufacturer Offers fans with the highest Offers fans with the highest pTEpTE

now at least FEG 67 later 71now at least FEG 67 later 71

and direct driven unitsand direct driven units

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Areas of Responsibility

Motor manufacturer Motor manufacturer Offer motors with highest pEffOffer motors with highest pEff

and smart unitsand smart units

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Areas of Responsibility

HVAC system desiHVAC system designer Optimizes use of the selectionOptimizes use of the selection of the fan and the motor incl.of the fan and the motor incl. drive package) drive package)

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Areas of Responsibility

What is missing?What is missing?

User of HVACUser of HVAC

Questions?

Thank You

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