AMAZON WEB SERVICES

Reza Yousefzadeh12/9/2014

Outline

• What is cloud Computing?• Cloud Computing: XaaS• Amazon Web Services• Amazon EC2

Issues Facing Developers

• 70% of Web Development Effort is “Muck”:– Data Centers– Bandwidth / Power / Cooling– Operations– Staffing

• Scaling is Difficult and Expensive:– Large Up-Front Investment– Invest Ahead of Demand– Load is Unpredictable

Solution: Web-Scale Computing

• Scale capacity on demand• Turn fixed costs into variable costs• Always available• Rock-solid reliability• Simple APIs and conceptual models• Cost-effective• Reduced time to market• Focus on product & core competencies

What is cloud computing

• the practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.

• An analogy: electricity services– you simply plug into a vast electrical grid managed

by experts to get a low cost, relialbe power supply - available to you with much greater efficiency than you could generate on your own

Cloud Computing: Xaas

• IaaS: Infrastructure as a Service, AWS EC2• PaaS: Platform as a Service. AWS Elastic

Beanstalk• SaaS: Software as a Service. eg. google

doc/group• DaaS: Desktop as a Service – Amazon WorkSpaces, Vmware Horizon

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Overview of Services

Amazon EC2 Functionality• Select a pre-configured, templated image to get up and running

immediately. Or create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) containing your applications, libraries, data, and associated configuration settings.

• Configure security and network access on your Amazon EC2 instance.• Choose which instance type(s) and operating system you want, then

start, terminate, and monitor as many instances of your AMI as needed, using the web service APIs or the variety of management tools provided.

• Determine whether you want to run in multiple locations, utilize static IP endpoints, or attach persistent block storage to your instances.

• Pay only for the resources that you actually consume, like instance-hours or data transfer.

Elastic

• Elastic – Amazon EC2 enables you to increase or decrease capacity within minutes, not hours or days. – You can commission one, hundreds or even thousands of

server instances simultaneously. – controlled with web service APIs, application can

automatically scale itself up and down depending on its needs.

• Elastic Block Store vs. local Disk (not backup)• Elastic IP Addresses vs. Static IP Addresses

– programmatically remapping your public IP addresses to any instance in your account

Cost Saving Considerations• On-Demand Instances – On-Demand Instances let you pay for

compute capacity by the hour with no long-term commitments. This frees you from the costs and complexities of planning, purchasing, and maintaining hardware and transforms what are commonly large fixed costs into much smaller variable costs.

• Reserved Instances – Reserved Instances give you the option to make a low, one-time payment for each instance you want to reserve and in turn receive a significant discount on the hourly charge for that instance.

• Spot Instances – Spot Instances allow customers to bid on unused Amazon EC2 capacity and run those instances for as long as their bid exceeds the current Spot Price.

EC2 Features• Multiple Locations: Regions/Availability Zones

– 8 regions: US East (Northern Virginia), US West (Oregon), US West (Northern California), EU (Ireland), Asia Pacific (Singapore), Asia Pacific (Tokyo), South America (Sao Paulo), Asia Pacific (Sydney)

– Inexpensive, low latency network connectivity to other Availability Zones in the same Region, 99.95% SLA.

• Amazon Virtual Private Cloud • Amazon CloudWatch• Auto Scaling• Elastic Load Balancing• HPC Clusters• VM Import / Export

Amazon EC2 Concepts• Amazon Machine Image (AMI):

– Bootable root disk– Pre-defined or user-built– Catalog of user-built AMIs– OS: Fedora, Centos, Gentoo, Debian,

Ubuntu, Windows Server– App Stack: LAMP, mpiBLAST, Hadoop

• Instance:– Running copy of an AMI– Launch in less than 2 minutes– Start/stop programmatically

• Network Security Model:– Explicit access control– Security groups

Instance Types• T2

– T2 instances are Burstable Performance Instances that provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst above the baseline

• M3– This family includes the M3 instance types and provides a balance of compute, memory, and

network resources, and it is a good choice for many applications.• Compute Optimized: C3

– C3 instances are the latest generation of compute-optimized instances, providing customers with the highest performing processors and the lowest price/compute performance available in EC2 currently.

• Memory Optimized: R3– R3 instances are optimized for memory-intensive applications and have the lowest cost per GiB of

RAM among Amazon EC2 instance types.• GPU: G2

– This family includes G2 instances intended for graphics and general purpose GPU compute applications.

• Storage Optimized: I2– This family includes the High Storage Instances that provide very fast SSD-backed instance storage

optimized for very high random I/O performance, and provide high IOPS at a low cost.• HS1

– HS1 instances provide very high storage density and high sequential read and write performance per instance. It also offers the highest storage density among other EC2 instances and is lowest on $/GB storage.

Free Tier

Pricing – On Demand Instances

Pricing – Light Utilization Reserved Instances

Pricing – Medium Utilization Reserved Instances

• Getting to know your new assignment• Familiarizing yourself with your new

environment• Meeting new colleagues

Pricing – Heavy Utilization Reserved Instances

• Getting to know your new assignment• Familiarizing yourself with your new

environment• Meeting new colleagues

Pricing – Spot Instances

EC2 API