amazing’air’...
TRANSCRIPT
TEACHER GUIDE
Ohio’s Learning Standards Grade K: Physical Science -‐ Properties of Everyday Objects and Materials
• Objects and materials can be sorted by their properties • Some objects and materials can be made to vibrate to produce sound
Grade 1: Physical Science -‐ Motion and Materials
• Properties of objects and materials can change Grade 2: Earth and Space Science -‐ The Atmosphere
• The atmosphere is made up of air Grade 3: Physical Science -‐ Matter and Forms of Energy
• All objects and substances in the natural world are composed of matter Grade 4: Physical Science -‐ Electricity, Heat and Matter
• The total amount of matter is conserved when it undergoes a change
Grade 6: Physical Science -‐ Matter and Motion • All matter is made up of small particles called atoms
AMAZING AIR 60 Minute Physical Science Lesson Science-‐to-‐Go! Program Grades: K-‐6
Objectives • Discover that science is FUN and how
understanding scientific principles helps us to tackle everyday challenges
• Define different forces including gravity, air pressure, and the Bernoulli Effect, and describe how they affect our daily lives
• Use the Scientific Method to explain how several common items work
Description Get your students excited about science inquiry and the scientific method by manipulating the properties of "Amazing Air"! Interactive demonstrations (including dry ice, hot air balloons, and unusual employment of a leaf blower) challenge the audience to use the scientific method and explain, "How did we just DO that?"
Amazing Air: Science That Will Blow You Away!
• Please arrange for the use of a large enough space to accommodate your students (up to 300).
Your Educator will need the space for 30 min. before and after your program to allow for set-‐up and tear down.
• Please provide two tables for Educator use. • We will need access to HOT water, electricity and a HIGH ceiling. Water cleanup is to be
expected. • Introduce the vocabulary and additional resources provided below.
accelerate -‐ to change the speed of motion in a certain amount of time.
atom -‐ tiny bits of material that can be combined to form molecules.
compress -‐ to squish things together. The molecules of a gas can be compressed together, but the molecules of a solid or liquid cannot.
conservation – the keeping or protecting of something from change, loss, or damage.
gas -‐ a substance that is made of atoms or molecules with a lot of energy. They will spread out to fill any size or shape of container, and spread out as far as they can go. Gas molecules can be compressed together.
gravity – the force of attraction between the Earth or another celestial body on an object on or near its surface.
inertia – a property of objects that states they will remain at rest, or continue moving in a straight line unless some force causes them to change what they are doing.
force -‐ the capacity to do work or cause physical change; energy, strength, or active power; the influence on something that causes it to accelerate.
friction -‐ the force of resistance when two surfaces rub together.
liquid -‐ a substance that will take the shape of its container, will flow down with gravity but their molecules tend to remain stuck together, and do not compress easily.
matter -‐ anything that has mass, and is made of atoms and molecules.
molecule -‐ the smallest piece of a substance that still has the chemical and physical properties of the substance and is made of two or more atoms.
motion – the process of being in action or traveling.
mass – how much matter an item contains; a measure of an object’s inertia.
resistance – a force that tends to oppose or slow down motion (acceleration)
How to Set Up Your Room
Vocabulary
solid -‐ a substance that will hold its own shape, and has molecules that are stuck together. Their molecules cannot be compressed.
speed – the rate at which something moves; equal to distance traveled divided by travel time.
sublimate -‐ the action of a solid material immediately changing to a gas. Dry ice, for example, is solid carbon dioxide and it does not melt; it sublimates.
velocity -‐ rapidity or speed of motion; swiftness; how quickly something is moving.
This assembly program was written as an inspiration for students facing science fairs, team projects, class presentations, and any other learning situations that might inspire the thought: “I don’t like science! It’s too hard!” In the spirit of bringing the excitement of experimentation to your class, consider trying some of these activities: Super-‐Simple Lung Model
• Follow the instructions on the attached pages and create your own model of how muscles move air in and out of our lungs.
Paper Lift Challenge
• Give each student a piece of notebook paper. Have them hold it at one end so most of the paper hangs down in a long curve (see illustration).
• Tell students to blow quickly across the top of the paper. Which way does the paper move, up or down? (Up!)
• This illustrates Bernoulli’s Principle of faster moving fluids having lower pressure. The fast air over the top of the paper creates low pressure, and the higher air pressure below lifts the paper up.
Candle Power
• Place a small candle in the center of a shallow bowl (you could use a small bit of clay or melted candle wax to hold it upright.)
• Pour a small amount of water into the bowl around the candle. • Light the candle, then place a clear glass over the top of the candle so the glass is sitting in
the water on the bottom of the bowl. • Watch as the candle goes out. What happens to the water? • As the candle burns up oxygen, then goes out, the remaining air inside the glass cools off
and takes up less space. The air outside the glass pushes down, forcing water up into the glass!
Extension Activities
Click the link below to find additional online resources for teachers and students. These websites are recommended by our Museum Educators and provide additional content information and some fun, interactive activities to share with your class. CMNH Educators regularly review these links for quality. Web addresses often change so please notify us if any links have issues. Cleveland Museum of Natural History https://cmnh.org/edlinks
The Educator Resource Center offers educator workshops, thematic teaching kits, animal dioramas, and more for loan to area teachers. Contact the ERC at 216-‐231-‐2075 for information on individual or school membership. Visit the Museum’s ERC website for more information on workshops https://www.cmnh.org/ERC Hours
o Monday, 2 to 5 PM o Wednesday, 2 to 6 PM o Friday, 2 to 5 PM o Saturday, 9 AM to 1 PM o Closed Sunday, Tuesday, and
Thursday
Materials for Loan If you’re interested in additional resources be sure to check out the following ERC materials or browse ERC materials online at http://l4u.cmnh.org Related ERC kits for this topic include: States of Matter: Use this kit to explore the chemical and physical changes of matter.
NASA Rocketry: Your students will blast off into a multidisciplinary world of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Learn how to build and launch water bottle rockets and examine the composition of various materials. Find out about astronauts through fact and playing cards and explore a scale model of NASA's Saturn V rocket.
Educator Resource Center (ERC)
Online Resources for Teachers and Students
