altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic...

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Nahia Ezkurdia, Imma Raurell, Sarai Rodriguez, Rafael Esteban, Joan Genescà, María Martell. Hepatic Disease Lab, Liver Unit-Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebrón, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain ALTERED NEUROMODULATOR EXPRESION WITHIN THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC GANGLIA MAY CAUSE SYMPATHETIC ATROPHY IN PORTAL HYPERTENSIVE RATS

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Nahía Ezcurdia's Predoctoral presentation at the 6th VHIR Scientific Session. Watch the video after the last slide.

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Page 1: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Nahia Ezkurdia, Imma Raurell, Sarai Rodriguez, Rafael Esteban, Joan Genescà, María Martell.

Hepatic Disease Lab, Liver Unit-Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebrón, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain

ALTERED NEUROMODULATOR EXPRESION WITHIN THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC GANGLIA MAY CAUSE

SYMPATHETIC ATROPHY IN PORTAL HYPERTENSIVE RATS

Page 2: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Afferent sensitive pathway

cFOS

PVL

PORTAL HYPERTENSION

Portal Vein

SYMPATHETIC ATROPHY

VASODILATION

HYPOTHESIS & OBJECTIVE

Superior Mesenteric Artery

Sham PVL

Page 3: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Efferent pathway

Portal Flow

Afferent sensitive pathway

cFOS

PVL

PORTAL HYPERTENSION

Portal Vein

SYMPATHETIC ATROPHY

VASODILATION

HYPOTHESIS & OBJECTIVE

blocked afferent PVL

Superior Mesenteric Artery

Sham PVL

Page 4: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Efferent pathway

Portal Vein

Portal Flow

Afferent sensitive pathway

SYMPATHETIC ATROPHY

cFOS

VASODILATION

Superior Mesenteric Ganglia (SMG)

Spinal Chord (intermediolateral nucleus)

Nodose Ganglia (NG)

HYPOTHESIS & OBJECTIVE

PORTAL HYPERTENSION

Page 5: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

MATERIAL &METHODS

Sham (n=14)

14 days PVL (n=14)

Western blot

•Calcitonine gene related peptide (CGRP)

Sham PVL

Nodose Ganglia

Sham PVL

Sema3A

GAPDH

•Tyrosine Hydroxylase

•Semaphorin 3A

•NGF/ proNGF

•P75/TrkA

•MAPK/JNK/Akt

•ROCK

Superior Mesenteric Ganglia

Western blot Immunofluorescence

Sham PVL

Sema 3A

proNGF/NGF

β-actina

Sham PVL

Sema 3A

proNGF/NGF

β-actina

proNGF/ NGF

GAPDH

Sham PVL

Sema3A Merge Sema3A/Vacht

Vacht Neuropilina 1

Spinal Chord (Intermediolateral nucleus)

Immunofluorescence

•Vacht/ Sema3A

Sema3A Vacht

Page 6: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP)

Nodose Ganglia (NG)

RESULTS

El aumento de CGRP en las PVL indica un aumento en la actividad aferente, a través del nervio vago, durante la hipertensión portal.

0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5 p < 0,001

Vagus Nerve

sham

PVL

•Western Blot: CGRP expression

Page 7: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Superior Mesenteric Ganglia (SMG)

RESULTS

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0 p = 0,008

Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA)

Tyrosine Hydroxilase (TH)

sham

PVL

•Western Blot: TH expression

Sham PVL

Immunohistochemistry: TH

Page 8: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Superior Mesenteric Ganglia (SMG)

RESULTS

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8 p = <0,001

sham

PVL

Semaphorin 3A

-Repulsive guidance molecule.

-Axonal growth inhibition.

•Western blot: Sema3A expression.

Page 9: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Immunofluorescence

Superior Mesenteric Ganglia (SMG): Semaphorine 3A

RESULTS

Sema3A Vacht (Vesicular acetylcholine transporter) Sema3A+ Vacht

Cholinergic preganglionic neurons.

Page 10: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

RESULTS

Spinal Chord, Intermediolateral nucleus (IML)

Immunofluorescence

Vacht

Sema3A

Las neuronas colinérgicas del IML presentan semaforina 3A.

Cholinergic preganglionic neurons

Intermediolateral nucleus (IML)

Page 11: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Superior Mesenteric Ganglia (SMG)

RESULTS

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

NG

F ex

pre

ssio

n

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

pro

NG

F ex

pre

ssio

n

p= 0,018 p= 0,003 sham

PVL

Neurotrophins: NGF, proNGF

Western Blot: NGF Western Blot: proNGF

Page 12: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Superior Mesenteric Ganglia (SMG)

RESULTS

sham

0

2

4

6

0

2

4

6

rati

o p

75

/ Tr

kA PVL

Receptors TrkA y p75

Western Blot: ratio p75/trkA expression

p= 0,029

Page 13: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Superior Mesenteric Ganglia (SMG)

RESULTS

MAPK/ AKT and JNK

0

0,3

0,6

0,9

1

0

0,3

0,6

0,9

1,2

1

ratio pJNK/JNK

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

p= 0,98 p= 0,61

p= 0,39 PVLSHAMPVLSHAMPVLSHAMratio pMAPK/MAPK ratio pAkt/Akt

Western Blot:

Page 14: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

RESULTS

0

0,2

0,4

0,6 p = 0,032

ROCK

Superior Mesenteric Ganglia (SMG)

Western Blot: ROCK expression

PVLSHAMPVLSHAMPVLSHAM

Page 15: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

SUMMARY

• El aumento de CGRP en el ganglio nodoso de los animales con hipertensión portal indica un aumento de la señal aferente a través del nervio vago.

• El déficit de Tirosina hidroxilasa (Th) ya observado previamente en la inervación simpática de la

arteria mesentérica superior se confirmó en el GMS.

• Finalmente, el aumento de la expresión de Sema3A, de neurotrofinas y de p75 junto con el

aumento de ROCK en PVL respecto a las ratas control sugiere una activación de la vía de retracción axonal.

• En el gupo de PVL se observó un incremento de la Sema3A por Western blot e inmunofluorescencia,

mostrando un patrón alrededor de las neuronas adrenérgicas y colocalizando con las fibras colinérgicas del GMS.

Además, en el núcleo intermediolateral (IML) de la médula espinal, las neuronas colinérgicas mostraron presencia de Sema3A, sugiriendo su origen en estas fibras.

• Las neurotrofinas NGF y proNGF, así como el ratio de sus receptores p75/TrkA mostraron un

aumento en PVL respecto a sham. Sin embargo, las moléculas intermediarias MAPK/ Akt (crecimiento) y JNK (muerte neuronal) no mostraron diferencias significativas.

Page 16: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

CONCLUSION

Las alteraciones adrenérgicas y la atrofia simpática observada en la vasculatura mesentérica durante la hipertensión portal podrían tener su origen en alteraciones de la neuromodulación dentro del GMS que conducen a retracción o colapso axonal.

Page 17: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

PERSPECTIVES

Averiguar, mediante el bloqueo de esta vía neurodegenerativa, si mejoran o desaparecen la alteración hemodinámica y la atrofia simpática de la hipertensión portal a través de 2 estrategias.

axonal growth

axonal retraction

Gambogic amide Anticuerpo anti-Sema3A

Page 18: Altered neuromodulator expresion within the superior mesenteric ganglia may cause sympathetic atrophy in portal hypertensive rats

Portal Hypertension

Liver Diseases Laboratory

Liver Unit

Vall d’Hebron Research Institut (VHIR)

Barcelona, Spain

Nahia Ezkurdia

Imma Raurell

Sarai Rodriguez

Joan Genescà

Maria Martell