altenative energy sources
TRANSCRIPT
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Submitted by:
Hetvee Desai01/07/08
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Energy is the ability to do work. When we
move something by pushing or pulling, we
are doing work. Energy is necessary foranything to move or change
While energy surrounds us in all aspects of
life, the ability to harness it and use it for
constructive ends as economically as
possible is the challenge before mankind
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.....our mother earth.
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This is what it should look like.
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Where we are headed with out using
alternative energy sources...
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Fossil Fuels
Natural Gas
Other Hydrocarbon fossil fuels Oil and CoalNuclearEnergy newest source
uranium
Dams Not renewable
Alternative energy (Renewables) wind
turbine, PVs (solar), biofuels, tidal energy
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Form of fossil fuelMaximum content : Methane
Most economical energy choice
Primarily used for space heating, electricitygeneration and now to powerour cars
Key ingredient in agricultural fertilizers.
Not a viable replacement for oil hard to ship
Can be used in automobile engines
Honda selling a natural gas CIVIC GX NGV withhome gas dispenser
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Oil Shale
Does not contain oil basis is kerosene add water/heatto get oil
Waste volume greater than ore volume must be mined
like coal Needs lots of water found in water scarce areas
Heavy Oil
Very Thick Limited uses (Bunker Oil)
Tar Sands
Long term production by SynFuels 500,000 barrelsdaily
Less than 1% of world oil production
Sizable but not huge potential - Currently about 4% of
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Major fuel source in theworld provides moreenergy than oil or gas
Abundant but dirty andinefficient
Less energy per pound thanoil/gas and much morepolluting
Liquid syn
thetic fuels can
bemade from coal
Different types of coal withdifferent heat values
Converting coal to energy isener ex ensive
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Coal and Sequestration Coal industrypitching clean coal remove CO2 (whichtakes energy)
Removed CO2 is then
sequesteredMeans bury or dump in ocean and
hope it stays there!
What if CO2 gets loose?
Life may not survive the burning of allavailable coal clean ornot!
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NuclearEnergy Only new (1945) energy
source in centuries U235
Relatively safe when operating But accidents could be catastrophic
Uranium will be available for some decades
but not forever
Fundamental issue is radioactive wastes lastfor thousands of years
Number of reactors needed to carry most ofload is phenomenal One or two orders of magnitude over current
installation
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Provides about 24% percent of the world'selectricity
good during droughts and periods of peakconsumption.
Pumped Storage Plant is similar to a hydro-power plant except it has two reservoirs.
Major ecological effect destruction of species In third world they destroy many homes and natural
processes Dams will eventually fill with silt notrenewable
Limited number of sites
Forced relocation
of people heavy human
toll
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Solar Power: Total energy we receive each year from the sun is
35,000 times the total energy used by humans
Photovoltaics / Solar Panels - a device that turns
sunlight into electricity, which can be used formany different things such as heating and lighting.
Advantages: Clean, non-polluting.
Renewable, endless supply that belongs to no one.
Works best in the sunniest, often the poorest, parts of theworld.
Dovetails with other clean systems.
Flexible and modular - systems can be resized.
Safe.
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WindEn
ergy can be harnessed into
energy without producingby-products harmful to theenvironment
The cost of wind energyhas decreased over timedue to larger turbines beingmass produced.
Low maintenance costs-one of the cheapest toproduce.
Problems with using Wind
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Tidal power More predictable than solar and
wind energy - reliable source ofenergy
Tidal Power Plants use themotion of the tides to fill
reservoirs, which are then slowlyreleased through generators
Tidal Stream Generator
draws energy from curre
nts
currents turn fan blade whichcreate energy.
These generators are placedwhere strong concentratedcurrents flow between obstructions
such as entrances to bays a
ndrocky points.
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Fuel derived fromrecently dead biologicalmaterial, mostcommonly plants
Does not add to thecarbon dioxide level inthe atmosphere
Time scale of one or two
yearsTypes ofBio-fuels: Biodiesel
Biogas
Biomass etc
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Operations
Management
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Bio fuels, solar, wind feasibility all inquestion Proponents have not yet made the case
Tabulating sun energy per sq foot is not enough
Government is committing to nuclear powerand coal
Tar sands, oil shale not proven after morethan 40 years
Huge problem with both is poisonous waste Sequestration is the sales pitch of the coal
advocates
No new fuels are likely and old fuels still dirty
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Thank You!!