alta endorsements you should know and loves new... · alta endorsements you should know and love...

40
ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right

Upload: others

Post on 13-May-2020

3 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA EndorsementsYou Should Know and Love

2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right

Page 2: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Policy Endorsements

• Endorsements to a policy amend the coverage provided by the policy

Usually add coverageSometimes remove coverage

2

Page 3: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

“Land Under Development”

Based on detailed review of specified Plans & Specs & attorney’s certification!

ALTA 3.2 – ZoningALTA 9.7 – EncroachmentsMinerals & Subsurface Rights ALTA 9.8 – CCR’s (owner)ALTA 35.3 – Minerals & Subsurface SubstancesALTA 36.4, 36.5 – Energy projects

3

Page 4: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Any law, ordinance, permit, or governmental regulation (including those relating to building and zoning) restricting, regulating, prohibiting, or relating to:

(i)  the occupancy, use, or enjoyment of the Land;  (ii)  the character, dimensions, or location of any improvement erected on the Land;  (iii) the subdivision of land; or  (iv) environmental protection;   

or the effect of any violation of these laws, ordinances, or governmental regulations. 

Any governmental police power.

ALTA Policy EXCLUSION FROM COVERAGE:Governmental RegulationZoning & Subdivision 

4

Page 5: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA Endorsement Forms 3, 3.1 & 3.2(Zoning)

ALTA 3    – Zoning Classification at least 2 months &  Specific Permitted Uses (cited from ordinance)ALTA 3.1 – (Improved Land) – Same as ALTA 3 plus

Physical Characteristics (i) land area(ii) floor space area(iii) setback(iv) height(v) parking spaces

ALTA 3.2 – (Land Under Development) – Same as ALTA 3.1 PLUS identified Plans

5

Page 6: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Requirements for Zoning Endorsements

• How is Zoning Information Certified– Approved Attorney– Zoning Letter from County Zoning Office– Engineering/Surveying Firms– Combination of Zoning Regulation and Survey

6

Page 7: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Zoning – Permitted Uses

7

Page 8: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Parking and Setbacks

8

Page 9: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA 9 Series & Nationwide v. Commonwealth

• 2004 – Nationwide Life Ins. Co. sued Commonwealth Land Title Ins. Co. alleging loss under Section 1(b)(2)(iv) of ALTA 9 

• Cause of Action – Nationwide alleged there was a right of prior approval in the covenants of a shopping center that contained the land acquired by foreclosure

9

Page 10: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Nationwide v. Commonwealth

• ALTA 9 Section 1(b)(2)(iv)• Company insures … against loss or damage sustained by reason of1. The existence at Date of Policy of any of the 

following: … (b) Unless expressly excepted in Schedule B

(2)Any instrument contained in Schedule B as containing covenants, conditions or restrictions on the land which, in addition … (iv) provide for an option to purchase, a right of first refusal or the prior approval of a future purchaser or occupant 

10

Page 11: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Nationwide v. Commonwealth

• Master Declaration/Declaration of Restrictions– Buyer shall not change use of property from variety or general merchandise without prior written consent of seller  

• Policy– Exceptions for Master Declaration and Declaration of Restrictions (general – not for specific matters)

11

Page 12: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Nationwide v. Commonwealth

• Oct. 19, 2005 – US District Court finds for Commonwealth – Exception in Sch. B for instrument containing covenants, conditions, and restrictions.

• Aug. 31, 2009 – US Court of Appeals, Third Circuit reverses/remands – Commonwealth bore burden of detecting restrictions stated in declaration and had to list those restrictions explicitly.

12

Page 13: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Nationwide v. Commonwealth

• Feb. 3, 2011 – ALTA adopts new revisions to 9 series

• Feb 17, 2011 – District Court (on remand) – ALTA 9 provides insurance coverage for any loss arising from any instrument referenced in Schedule B that contains covenants, conditions and restrictions, as well as, among other items, an option to purchase, right of first refusal, a prior approval of a future purchaser or occupant.  The endorsement does not restrict its coverage to specific provisions within the instrument.      

13

Page 14: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Nationwide v. Commonwealth

• April 2, 2012 – New revisions adopted– Define Covenants, Improvements and Private Rights (9.6‐06 only)

– Spreads out coverages thru the 9 series– CC&R Coverage – (b) A violation on the Land at Date of Policy of an enforceable Covenant, unless an exception in Schedule B of the policy identifies the violation   

14

Page 15: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Nationwide v. Commonwealth

• Private Rights Coverage– Means (i) a private charge or assessment, (ii) option to purchase, (iii) a right of first refusal; or (iv) a right of prior approval of a future purchaser or occupant.

– Coverage  ‐ enforcement of private right … results in the invalidity, unenforceability or lack of priority of  the lien of the Insured Mortgage, or causes a loss of the Insured’s Title acquired in satisfaction or partial satisfaction of the indebtedness 

• ALTA 9.6‐06 – Loan only

15

Page 16: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA Endorsement Form 9, 28 and 35 SERIES

Coverage Lender OwnerCovenants, Conditions & Restrictions

9‐069.3‐069.7‐06

9.1‐06 (Unimproved)9.2‐06 (Improved)9.8‐06 (Land Under Development)

Private rights (assessments, options, rights of first refusal & rights of prior approval of purchasers or occupants)

9.6‐06 n/a

Encroachments over boundaries or onto easements

9‐069.7‐06 (Land Under Development)ALTA 28 series

ALTA 28 series28: Easement28.1 Encroachments

Mineral & subsurface rights 9‐069.7‐06 (Land Under Development)ALTA 35 series

ALTA 35 series35: Buildings35.1: Improvements35.2: Described Improvements35.3: Land Under Development

NOTE: The ALTA 9 series of endorsements were restructured substantially and renamed as applicable, effective 4/2/12, segregating the 4 primary components of the earlier ALTA 9 series forms:

16

Page 17: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA 9‐06It is possible to get the 9‐06 without a survey. However, it requires an additional certification convincing the title insurance company that the risk is minimal

Receipt of satisfactory verification that there are no violations of any covenants, conditions or restrictions, no violations of any building setback lines, and no encroachments onto the Land or easements of improvements appurtenant to adjoining lands

17

Page 18: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA Endorsement Forms 10‐06 & 10.1‐06:  Assignments

Provides assurances to new identified noteholder, not just “successors and assigns”

Information needed:

(1) Recorded assignment of note/obligation and deed of trust(2) Delivery of original note/obligation to Assignee through continuous chain of: 

assignment endorsements on the original note /obligation(s) orallonge(s) attached thereto

(3) Attorney’s certification of current ownership of the Indebtedness(es) (4) Attorney’s certification of Title to the Land through assignment (if datedown)(5) Status of the loan payment ‐ current or non‐performing(6) If either:

Mortgage > 1 year old and Land is not 1‐4 family residential, ORAssignor is non‐institutional lender, ORLoan is non‐performing or delinquent

REQUIRES written sworn statement by record owner of the Land that lien of the mortgages(s) is (are) still good and valid, free from defenses, in law and in equity, 

18

Page 19: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA Endorsement Forms 11‐06 & 11.1‐06:  Modifications

Provides assurances to new identified noteholder, not just “successors and assigns”

(1) Recorded modification of note/obligation and deed of trust, signed/acknowledged by:

• Record owner(s) of land and spouses• Obligors on indebtedness

(2) Attorney’s certification of current ownership of the Indebtedness(es) 

(3) Attorney’s certification of Title to the Land through Modification (if datedown)

(4) Other updated underwriting matters depending on modifications involved and intervening interests, such as mechanics’ liens, endorsement requirements, recent improvements since survey, subordinate liens & amendments, modifications to the deed of trust or note/obligation itself

19

Page 20: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Loan WorkoutsNovations

• NC case law is fairly vague. • Novation is “a substitution of a new contract or 

obligation for an old one which is thereby extinguished… novation implies the extinguishment of one obligation by the substitution of another.” Tomberlin v. Long

• New Money??• Minor extension or reduction of interest rate??

Anthony Marano Co.

20

Page 21: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Endorsements with Datedowns

Date Down Endorsement:• Extends Date of Policy• Requires update of title• Requires information/certifications/documentation to extend 

endorsement coverages• Includes any additional exceptions/subordinate matter for 

items not removed to satisfaction of company

• Date of Policy a defined term in current ALTA policy forms.• ALTA Endorsements reference Date of Policy.

“The Company insures against loss or damage sustained by the Insured in the event that, at Date of Policy . . .”

• Exclusion for post‐policymatters

21

Page 22: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Editorial Page

• Who won the race to the courthouse?

• Did agreement reserve right to modify?

• Is anyone being prejudiced?

22

Page 23: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA Endorsement Form 14Future Advance

• Future Advance Mortgage• Requires compliance with 

• N.C.G.S. 45‐68 or • N.C.G.S. 45‐81

• Re‐advances

23

Page 24: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA Endorsement 30.1‐06 (Commercial Participation Interest)

• Approved with minor technical changes Sept. 1, 2012

Commercial version of “Shared Appreciation” for which ALTA 30‐06 is available for Residential

24

Page 25: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA Endorsement Forms 32’s & 33Construction Loan Endorsements

Inadequate subordinations or waiversEndorsement Disbursements to claimant

32‐06  Loss of Priority

By Lender per itemized list in loan docs

32.1‐06 Loss of Priority –Direct Payment

By Company (or Lender with Company approval) per itemized list in loan docs

32.2‐06Loss of Priority –Insured’s Direct Payment

By Lender

33‐06Disbursements

(1) And new waivers OR(2) 32, 32.1 or 32.2 above

25

Page 26: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

• “All purpose” basic format for affirmative coverage, conforming to Alliance case

• Requirement draft:• For issuance of ALTA® Endorsement Form 34‐06 Identified Risk Coverage (Adopted 8/1/11): Verification of the particular "Identified Risk" for which affirmative coverage is requested, and determination of appropriate coverage based on applicable Company underwriting procedures, including but not limited to review and approval by Company counsel.

BEST NEW ENDORSEMENT:ALTA 34 IDENTIFIED RISK COVERAGE

26

Page 27: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA 17.2‐06:Utility Access

• Provides coverage if Land does not have access to specified utilities, may include:– water service, electrical power service, telephone service, storm water drainage or other service

–Requires verification :• Utility available to service Land by public rights of way or upon easements 

–May need survey and information from utility companies 

27

Page 28: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Insuring Access: ALTA 17 (Direct)

ALTA 17.1 (Indirect)

Page 29: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Direct vs. Indirect Access

Direct Access• Property abuts a physically open and public street

• Nothing prohibits access either legally or physically

Indirect Access• AKA – via an easement• Over the lands of another

• Easement provides access to a physically open and public street

29

Page 30: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

The concept:

Tract A• Direct or Indirect Access?

Tract B• Direct or Indirect Access?

We’ll come back to this example in a bit!!

30

Page 31: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Quality of Access

• Title insurance doesn’t cover the quality of access• Reasonable vs. Legal vs. Any

• Pedestrian Access?• Access by public waterway?

• Example 1• Owner buys a four year old house on property that abuts a public right of way and appears to 

have a driveway winding through trees and across a ditch to get there• It turns out that the driveway is on neighboring property• He has access…just not the access he wants/needs

• Example 2• Part of Blackacre was condemned for an Interstate Highway.  In the condemnation, the State 

also condemned all rights of abutters to access.  • While Owner of Blackacre can drive from his property onto the interstate in several locations, 

he has no LEGAL RIGHT of ACCESS.

• Example 3• Whiteacre sits on the banks of the Lower Neuse River and does not abut a road or have an 

appurtenant access easement.• Whiteacre does have a legal means of access…via the river!!!  Claim under the policy for 

access to a road will be denied.31

Page 32: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Access EndorsementRequirements

ALTA 17‐06 – Direct Access• Abuts a physically open and public street• No physical or legal prohibition on access

ALTA 17.1‐06 ‐ Indirect Access• Easement abuts a physically open and public street• No physical or legal prohibition on access• Title matters for tract that the easement crosses

• Might include deed of trust, marital interest or docketed judgment of record prior to the grant of easement

• Might also include the super‐priority lien of ad valorem taxes which (at least theoretically) could wipe out the easement

ALTA 17.2‐06 – Utility Facility (utility access)• Land abuts the public right of way in which the utility lines are located; or• Land abuts private easements providing utility services

• Title matters for the tract that the easement crosses

32

Page 33: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

On the Preliminary Opinion

Access to Public ROW?

Direct or Private?

Search of Property under 

Easement?

Title ExceptionsEndorsementAvailable?(upon request)

Yes Direct ….. None ALTA 17

Yes Private Easement No

Title exception to lands under easement

No

Yes PrivateEasement Yes

Exception to listed title 

exceptions, if any

ALTA 17.1

No ….. ….. Access Exception No33

Page 34: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

So what type of Access does A have?

Direct?  YesIndirect?  Possibly∗

Can A get any endorsements?

ALTA 17? NoALTA 17.1?  Possibly∗

∗If A acquires an easement over the shared driveway from B

34

Page 35: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA 28‐06:Easement – Damage or Enforced Removal

• Provides coverage for damage or enforced removal of existing building located on the Land if caused by exercise of the right of use or maintenance of a specified easement

• Requires review of easement, survey and other relevant facts 

35

Page 36: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Easements

• Most surveys delineate easement locations, especially on commercial deals

• Surveyor often addresses a title commitment’s exceptions specifically by location on the survey

• BEWARE underground utilities and other matters undiscoverable on the surface

36

Page 37: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Easements

• Blanket Easements– Included on ALTA 28?– Can they be located– Provide a service to the property?– Provide service to other property? 

37

Page 38: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

ALTA 28.1‐06:Encroachments – Boundaries & Easements

• Provides coverage for itemized encroachments onto or from adjoining land or onto easements

• Requires review of easements, surveys and other relevant facts 

38

Page 39: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Latest Additions

• ALTA 37‐06 Assignment of Rents or Leases– Lenders want loan policy to include Assignment of Rents or Leases (Separate recorded interest additional security for the loan secured by Insured Deed of Trust)

– Endorsement insures:• Assignment of Rents or Leases is properly executed• Public Records do not disclose any prior assignments of the same rents or leases

39

Page 40: ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Loves New... · ALTA Endorsements You Should Know and Love 2013 CLE Seminar – Getting It Done, Doing it Right. Policy Endorsements ... –

Latest Additions

• ALTA 38‐06 Mortgage Tax– Coverage to lender if there is a deficiency in recordation tax paid at time of recording that is subsequently paid.

– If deficiency later paid, coverage against:• Invalidity or unenforceability of Insured Mortgage, and• Lack of priority, but only • Resulting from failure to pay tax at time of recording

– Does not provide coverage if lender fails to pay deficiency 

• No Mortgage Tax in NC – Endorsement not applicable

40