AllusionsKatherine McGowan

The Grapes of Wrath

• The title is an allusion• Battle Hymn of the Republic

“He is trampling on the vintage where

The grapes of wrath are stored”

“Casey suggested elaborately, ‘Maybe Tom’ll kill the fatted calf like for the prodigal in Scripture.’” (29)

• Luke 15:11-32• Story of the prodigal son

“Maybe Ma’d set back a little bit an’ let Rosasharn do the work” (56)

• Song of Solomon 2:1• “I am the rose of Sharon,

and the lily of the valleys.”

• Rose of Sharon•  • An erect, deciduous shrub, rose of Sharon produces colorful, cup-shaped flowers in summer and fall. Other common names

include shrub althea and Chinese hibiscus.• Rose of Sharon flowers in late summer to fall when few other shrubs are in bloom. Flower colors include blue, pink, red,

lavender, purple, and white, depending on the variety. Most varieties grow 8 to 12 feet tall and 6 to 10 feet wide. The plant shows good pollution tolerance, making it appropriate for urban gardens.

• Easy care/low maintenance• Select a site with full sun to light shade and moist, well-drained soil.• Plant in spring or fall. Space plants 6 to 10 feet apart, depending on the expected mature size of the plant. Dig a hole only as

deep as the root ball and 2 to 3 times as wide. If your soil is in very poor condition, amend the soil you've removed from the hole with a small amount of compost. Otherwise don't amend it at all. Carefully remove the plant from the container and set it in the hole. Fill the hole half full with soil, then water it well to settle the soil and eliminate air pockets. Let the water drain, then fill the remainder of hole with soil and water thoroughly.

• Apply a layer of compost under the tree each spring, spreading it out to the dripline (the area under the outermost branches). Add a 2-inch layer of mulch to retain moisture and control weeds. Water plants during the summer if rainfall is less than 1 inch per week. Flowers are produced on new wood, so prune in early spring to shape and reduce size. Pruning the shrub back to 2 to 3 buds per branch in spring encourages larger flowers. Remove dead, diseased, and injured branches any time.

Cont.

• Parallel Verses• New International Version

I am a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valleys.

New Living TranslationI am the spring crocus blooming on the Sharon Plain, the lily of the valley.

English Standard VersionI am a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valleys.

New American Standard Bible "I am the rose of Sharon, The lily of the valleys."

King James BibleI am the rose of Sharon, and the lily of the valleys.

Holman Christian Standard BibleI am a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valleys. M

International Standard VersionI'm a flower from Sharon, a lily of the valleys.

NET BibleI am a meadow flower from Sharon, a lily from the valleys. 

GOD'S WORD® TranslationI am a rose of Sharon, a lily [growing] in the valleys.

Jubilee Bible 2000I am the lily of the field {Heb. Sharon} and the rose of the valleys.

King James 2000 BibleI am the rose of Sharon, and the lily of the valleys.

American King James VersionI am the rose of Sharon, and the lily of the valleys.

American Standard VersionI am a rose of Sharon, A lily of the valleys.

Douay-Rheims BibleI am the flower of the field, and the lily of the valleys. 

Darby Bible TranslationI am a narcissus of Sharon, A lily of the valleys.

English Revised VersionI AM a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valleys.

Webster's Bible TranslationI am the rose of Sharon, and the lily of the valleys.

World English BibleI am a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valleys. Lover

Young's Literal TranslationAs a lily among the thorns

Cont.

• nar·cis·sus•   [nahr-sis-uhs]  Show IPA• noun, plural nar·cis·sus, nar·cis·sus·es, nar·cis·si  [nahr-sis-ee, -

sis-ahy]  Show IPA , for 1, 2.1.any bulbous plant belonging to the genus Narcissus,  of the amaryllis family, having showy yellow orwhite flowers with a cup-shaped corona.

• 2.the flower of any of these plants.• 3.( initial capital letter ) Classical Mythology . a youth who fell in 

love with his own image reflected in apool and wasted away from unsatisfied desire, whereupon he was transformed into the flower.

“Here’s a good short one,” he said. “‘An’ Lot said unto them, Oh not so, my Lord.’” (143)

• Genesis 19:18

“Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done- on earth- as it is in Heaven.” (138)• Matthew 6:9- 13

“Now here is on,” he said. “This here’s a nice one, just blowed full a religion: ‘Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is covered.’ How’s that?” (143)• Psalms 32:1

“Heard a fella tell a poem one time, an’ he says ‘All that lives is holy.’”(144)

• William Blake’s Marriage of Heaven and Hell• “for all that lives is holy”

Chapter 28

• 418 “Goes ‘Two are better than one, because they have a good reward for their labor. For if they fall, the one will lif’ up his fellow, but woe to him that is alone when he falleth, for he hath not another to help him up.’ That’s part of her.” Ecclesiastes 4: 9- 12

• 418 “Jus’ a little bit more. ‘Again, if two lie together, then they have heat: but how can one be warm alone? And if one prevail against him, two shall withstand him, and a three-fold cord is not quickly broken.’” Eccl. 4: 9-12

• 418 “On’y the wind, Ma. I know the wind. An’ I got thinkin’, Ma- most of the preachin’ is about the poor we shall have always have with us…” Matthew 26:11 and Deut. 15:11

Works Cited

• Battle Hymn of the Republic. Shmoop. Web. 17 February 2014.

• Bible hub. Online study Bible Suite. Web. 15 February 2014.• Marriage of heaven and Hell. Levity. Web. 17 February 2014• Rose of Sharon. Garden.org. The national Gardening

Association. Web. 16 February 2014.• The battle Hymn of the Republic. Wikipedia. Web. 17

February 2014. • Vintage. Dictionary.com. Web. 17 February 2014.