allergic reactions localized anaphylaxis. atopic diseases localized anaphylaxis (common allergy)...
TRANSCRIPT
ALLERGIC REACTIONSLocalized Anaphylaxis
ATOPIC DISEASES
• Localized anaphylaxis (common allergy)
• ~20% of US population
• Limited production of IgE and sensitization of mast cells in localized areas
• Ex: Allergic rhinitis
LATE-PHASE ANAPHYLAXIS
• Takes several hours for inflammation to show
• Mast cells release chemotactic factors• Eosinophils• Neutrophils• Helper T Cells
ASTHMA
• Triggers
• 2 parts• Early response – mast cells
in lower respiratory tract• Late response –
eosinophils and neutrophils
• Treatments
FOOD ALLERGIES
• GI tract reaction
• Hives = wheal and flare
ECZEMA
• Atopic dermatitis
• IgE levels elevated
• Rash and itching
• Increased eosinophils and helper T cells
• Allergen unknown
WHY HYPERSENSITIVITY?
• B cells that produce IgA vs. B cells that produce IgE
• Atopic individuals have lower levels of IgA
• Suppressor T lymphocytes stop production of IgE – defective in atopic individuals
ALLERGIES POSITIVE?
• Sneezing
• GI contractions
• Resistance to pathogens
• Hygiene hypothesis
TREATMENT OF ALLERGIES
• Desensitization types• Tiny but increasing doses of allergens• Series of injections of allergens over weeks -- blocking antibodies• Monoclonal antibodies – anti-IgE antibodies