Educational Philosophy of

Allama Muhammad Iqbal

Presented by: Nazeer Ahmed Chang

Nida Ijaz

Aga Khan University (IED) Karachi

Philosophy of Iqbal

Khudi/ Self Man has a specific entity called the good will

(khudi). This concept of khudi (al-nafas) has to be related with the holy Will of Allah (swt).

Purpose of Education

Develop the concept of good will

(khudi)

Strengthens the individual’s

innate powers.

Education is about change for

goodness.

Individual able to make choice

between

good (khair) and bad (sharr)

just (haqq) and unjust (batil)

Education advocating for mere

lifehere having no link with

hereafter is distorted and faulty.

Develop an everlasting

attachment and great love (ishq)

with the last Prophet (saws).

Implications for Education

Epistemological Beliefs

Ilm-ul-kitab Ilm-ul-asma

Divine revelation Empirical and rational sources

(Quran and Sunnah)

Observational knowledge

Scientific knowledge

Ontological beliefs

Three aspects

Theological aspect Cosmological aspect Anthropological aspect

• Absolute Reality is

Allah (swt). He is

supreme.

• Tauheed is the basis of

unity of though and

action.

• Everyone is

accountable in front of

Allah.

• Personality of the last

Prophet (saws) is the

symbol of holistic

development

•Allah (swt) created the

universe and natural laws

with definite purpose.

•Man (khalifa) is

responsible to surrender

both individual and

societal will before Allah

(swt) .

•Human being is the best

creation of Allah (swt).

•The proper education

(tarbiyah), make a

balanced

personality which

distinguishes man from

other creatures.

•Man is free to make

choice

Responsible attitude and

continuous struggle is a

source to unfold the

hidden potentials.

Curriculum

Curriculum

Compulsory:

Quran and Sunnah

Natural physical sciences

Other:

History

Art

Religion

Philosophy

Home education (women)

Humanities and social sciences

Teaching Methodology

Learning by Doing

Self-Activity

Problem-solving Method

Role of Teacher

Sheikh e

Maktab

Spiritual Mentor

Personality developer

Architect of Soul

Role Model

Role of Teacher

“What is School Master The architect

of the souls of men”.

Role of Student

Iqbal termed young student as Shaheen.

Student have freedom

Gain best knowledge i.e. Knowledge of Quran

As Khalifa of Allah

Our Understanding

Inspiration of Islamic Ideology

Aims to transforms the spirit of believing in the ‘unity

of God (tauheed)’ and ‘prophet-hood (risalat)’ with

the faith that Muhammad (S.A.W) was the last

prophet

Khudi strengthens the individual’s innate powers to

realize his full potentials towards goodness

References

Akhter, M. & Nudrat, F. (2014). Understanding Iqbal’s

educational thought. The Dialogue, 9(2) pp 193-

204. retrieved from

http://www.qurtuba.edu.pk/thedialogue/The%20

Dialo gue/9_2/Dialogue_April_June2014_193-

204.pdf

Masoodi, T. (2007). Educational philosophy of Iqbal.

New Delhi, India: APH publishing.

retrieved from

https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=elfQm_Q

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