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ATLAS:All-optical Terabit per second LAmbda Shifted transmission
• Main Objective: Nx40 and Nx80 Gbit/s transmission
in networks encompassingall-optical wavelength converters
•WDM RZ transmission over terrestrial G.652 or G.655 links, tolerant to intermediate wavelength conversion with dispersion management and 100 km amplification spans
•Experimental test of 4x40 Gbit/s and 2x80 Gbit/s with one in-line wavelength converter
• Field test of 4x40 Gbit/s with one in-line wavelength converter
•Fabrication of new electronics and optoelectronics devices: 40 Gbit/s receivers, 40 Gbit/s EMUX, DEMUX, PMD compensator
•Theoretical study on Tbit/s transport networks
Technical ApproachTechnical Approach
University College London (UK)
ATLAS Consortium Composition: ATLAS Consortium Composition: The Round TableThe Round Table
Fondazione Ugo Bordoni (I)
Pirelli LABS (I)
Opto Speed Opto Speed Italia (I)
Thales (F)
University of Paderborn (D)
University of Ljubljana (SLO)
United Monolithic
Semiconductors (F)
Instituto de Telecomunicações (P)
ISCTI (I)
Consorzio Padova Ricerche (I)
INTO THE LINE 1: Dispersion ManagementINTO THE LINE 1: Dispersion Management
Devices Devices Dispersion compensating fibreGratings
Compensation SchemesCompensation Schemes
DCU
DCU
DCU
x5
x5
x5
100km
100km
100km
Pre-chirp
Pre-compensation
Post-compensation
Post-compensation+
Pre-chirp
All at the end compensation
a)post compensationa)post compensationb)post compensation+prechirpb)post compensation+prechirpc)all at the endc)all at the end
INTO THE LINE 2:INTO THE LINE 2:Different DM Schemes Different DM Schemes -- SimulationsSimulations
1,E-13
1,E-12
1,E-11
1,E-10
1,E-09
1,E-08
1,E-07
1,E-06
1,E-05
1,E-04
1,E-03
-22 -21 -20 -19 -18 -17 -16 -15 -14Received Power [dBm]
BER
Back to BackCompensation scheme (a)Compensation scheme (b)Compensation scheme (c)
BER measurement vs. received power after 5x100 km G.652 fiber. OSNR is 17 dB (2 nm res bw) for all cases
INTO THE LINE 3:INTO THE LINE 3:Different DM Schemes Different DM Schemes -- Experiments with DCFExperiments with DCF
a)post compensationa)post compensationb)post compensation+prechirpb)post compensation+prechirpc)all at the endc)all at the end
INTO THE LINE 4: Raman AmplificationINTO THE LINE 4: Raman Amplification•Amplification provided at any frequency•No special fibre required (any deployed cable can be upgraded)
•Distributed amplification (span noise figure improvement)
DCU
x5100km
300 mW1450 nm
Signal
RamanPump
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
0 1 2 3 4 5N Span
Pow
er (d
Bm
)
G.652G.655
FUBFUB--ISTCIISTCI
PomeziaPomezia
RomaRoma
30 SMR30 SMR30 DS30 DS20 NZD20 NZD
Cable CompositionCable Composition
THE LINETHE LINE
44÷÷1 1 MUXMUX
PM PM CC
40 40 GbGb/s /s Data EncoderData Encoder
10 10 GbGb/s DT/s DT
20 GHz 20 GHz ckck
λλ ii
λλ ii1550.92 nm1550.92 nm
1552.52 nm1552.52 nm
1554.13 nm1554.13 nm
1555.75 nm1555.75 nm
4x10 4x10 GbGb/s /s PRBS PRBS
generatorgenerator
10 GHz 10 GHz ckck
20 GHz ck 20 GHz ck synthesizersynthesizer
5 5 psps @ 40 GHz@ 40 GHz 10 10 GbGb/s /s PPGPPG
40 GHz Pulse 40 GHz Pulse ShaperShaper
PM EDFAPM EDFA
EDFAEDFA40 40 GbGb/s PRBS/s PRBS
TX SIDE:TX SIDE:44--Channel 40 Channel 40 GbitGbit/s ETDM/s ETDM
40 GHz ck 40 GHz ck
400 mV pp 400 mV pp
40 40 GbGb/s incoming /s incoming signalsignal
10 10 GbGb/s /s demuxed demuxed tributary tributary
Line OSNRLine OSNR
1.1 nm1.1 nm 1.3 nm1.3 nm 1.3 nm 1.3 nm
40 40 GbGb/s/sck recoveryck recovery
10 10 GbGb/s /s EDED
50 GHz 50 GHz High Power High Power
PIN PIN
40 40 GbGb/s /s 11÷÷4 4
DEMUXDEMUX
TGFTGF BPFBPF BPFBPF
EDFAEDFAEDFAEDFAEDFAEDFA
RX SIDE:RX SIDE:44--Channel 40 Channel 40 GbitGbit/s ETDM/s ETDM
DCUDCU
DCUDCU
DCUDCU
DCUDCU
AOWCAOWCInterconnectionInterconnection
Rack
Rack
(Rom
e)(R
ome)
InterconnectionInterconnection
Rack
Rack
(Pomezia
(Pomezia
DCUDCU
EDFAEDFA
RamanRamanPumpPump
40 Gbit/s40 Gbit/sTXTX
40 Gbit/s40 Gbit/sRXRX
SetSet--UpUp
23.5 km fiber span23.5 km fiber span94 km amplifier spacing94 km amplifier spacing
TMTM
TETE TMTM
PPLN-wavelength converter
TETE
TM
TMTMTETE
PMFPMF
PBSPBSCirculatorCirculator
λλSS
λλFF
λλCC
4x40 4x40 GbGb /s /s From the lineFrom the line
90/1090/10
BPF BPF (1.3 nm)(1.3 nm)
EDFAEDFA(30 dBm)(30 dBm)
EDFAEDFA(28 dBm)(28 dBm)
BPF BPF (1.3 nm)(1.3 nm)
TunableTunableLaserLaser
AOWC AOWC polarization insensitive schemepolarization insensitive scheme
λidler
90/1090/10
0.2 dB polarisation sensitivity0.2 dB polarisation sensitivity
PolPolScrambScramb
ωp=2ωf ωsωf
ωi=2 -ω ωf s
ω
SHG DFGCascading (χ(2))
G.655 DSPAN (ps/nm) SSPAN (ps/nm2) αSPAN (dB) DGD (ps) GR (dB)
NZD 240.33 6.12 23.9 0.6 12
DCF1 -239.43 -1.17 2.8 0.2
Residual 0.9 (99.6%) 4.95 (19.1%)
G.652 DSPAN (ps/nm) SSPAN (ps/nm2) αSPAN (dB) DGD (ps) GR (dB)
SMR 1542.76 5.38 22.2 0.3 8
DCF2 -1543.76 -3.99 12.4 0.5
Residual -1 (100.1%) 1.39 (74.2%)
G.652 D (ps/nm/km) S (ps/nm2/km) α (dB/km) PMD (ps/km1/2)
SMR 16.34 0.06 0.22 0.03
DCF2 -108 -0.20 0.64 0.13
G.655 D (ps/nm/km) S (ps/nm2/km) α (dB/km) PMD (ps/km1/2)
NZD 2.54 0.06 0.24 0.06
DCF1 -95 -0.46 0.92 0.10
λ = 1552.52 nm
DGD (EDFA) < 0.5 ps
PR=400 mW @ 1455 nm
Link Main Characteristics
Polarization insensitive in linePolarization insensitive in line--conversion:conversion:
eye
eye --
diag
ram
s at
Rx:
diag
ram
s at
Rx:
after 500 km (ch 3):after 500 km (ch 3):
300 km+(ch 3 ch 7)+200 km:300 km+(ch 3 ch 7)+200 km:(polarization scrambled)(polarization scrambled)
pol. dependence during scrambling: < 1 dBpol. dependence during scrambling: < 1 dB
input input channelschannels
after demuxafter demux+ conversion+ conversion+ mux+ mux
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 77
eye
eye --
diag
ram
s at
Rx:
diag
ram
s at
Rx:
HYBRID Erbium + Raman amplification
Power Map
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
0 1 2 3 4 5N Span
Powe
r (d
Bm)
G.652G.655
Dispersion Map: G.655 fibre
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 100 200 300 400 500Distance (km)
Dispe
rsion
(ps/
nm)
D(ch1); res= -44.1ps/nm
D(ch2); res= -4.5 ps/nm
D(ch3); res= 35.1 ps/nm
D(ch4); res= 75 ps/nm
D(ch3->ch7); res= 58.3ps/nm
1552.52 nm1550.92 nm 1554.13 nm 1555.73 nm
Eye Diagrams after 5 x 100 kmDM with prechirp; 14 dBm/span; 5 dBm/DCU
Residual Dispersion Slope: G.655 fibre
Eye diagrams after per channel
postcompensation
+32 ps/nm -46 ps/nm -92 ps/nm
-100
100
300
500
700
900
1100
1300
1500
1700
0 100 200 300 400 500
Distance (km)
Dispe
rsion
(ps/
nm)
D(ch1) D(ch2) D(ch3) D(ch4) D(ch3->ch7)
Dispersion Map: G.652 fibre
1552.52 nm1550.92 nm 1554.13 nm 1555.73 nm
Eye Diagrams after 5x100 kmDM with prechirp; 13 dBm/span; 5 dBm/DCU
Eye diagrams after per channel postcompensation
+18 ps/nm -22 ps/nm
Residual Dispersion Slope: G.652 fibre
4 channels, 200 GHz spacing, 5 ps FWHM
Without inline AOWC With inline AOWC
Optical Spectrum after 5 x 100 km
BER performance vs OSNR: G.655 fibre
1.E-13
1.E-12
1.E-11
1.E-10
1.E-09
1.E-08
1.E-07
1.E-06
1.E-05
1.E-04
1.E-03
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15OSNR @ 2 nm res bw (dB)
BER
BTBCh 1Ch 2Ch 3Ch 4300 km + conv + 200 km
5 x 100 km; 10 dBm/span; -2 dBm/DCU; 27-1 PRBS< 1 dB OSNR penalty for all channels
BER performance vs OSNR: G.652 fibre
1.E-13
1.E-12
1.E-11
1.E-10
1.E-09
1.E-08
1.E-07
1.E-06
1.E-05
1.E-04
1.E-03
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15OSNR @ 2 nm res bw (dB)
BER
BTBCh 1Ch 2Ch 3Ch 4300 km + conv + 200 km
5 x 100 km; 12 dBm/span; -2 dBm/DCU; 27-1 PRBS< 1 dB OSNR penalty for all channels
BER performance vs OSNR: 8 channels
1.E-13
1.E-12
1.E-11
1.E-10
1.E-09
1.E-08
1.E-07
1.E-06
1.E-05
1.E-04
1.E-03
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15OSNR @ 2 nm res bw (dB)
BER
BTB
G.652: 5x100 km; 15 dBm
G.655: 3x100 km; 10 dBm
27-1 PRBS; 10 ps FWHM; ch 5 BER performance< 1 dB OSNR penalty with 5 x 100 km (G.652) and 3 x 100 km (G.655)
BER performance vs OSNR: PRBS length231-1 PRBS: 3 dB penalty with respect to 27 in back to back
no additional penalty with 5 x 100 km G.655 fibre10-9 BER floor with 5 x 100 km G.652 fibre
1.E-13
1.E-12
1.E-11
1.E-10
1.E-09
1.E-08
1.E-07
1.E-06
1.E-05
1.E-04
1.E-03
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
OSNR @ 2 nm res bw (dB)
BER
BTB; 2^31
BTB; 2^7
5 x 100 km G.655; 2^31
5 x 100 km G.655; 2^7
• 3 different 40 Gbit/s receivers (InP, GaAs)• 40 and 80 Gbit/s clock recovery• 10 to 40 Gbit/s EMUX, 40 to 10 Gbit/s DMUX• 40 Gbit/s XOR, FF D• 40 Gbit/s amplifiers, filters• Polarisation mode dispersion compensator• Polarisation mode dispersion measurement
instruments• Wavelength conversion with:
– PPLN, 500 km after conversion– SOA polarisation independent scheme, 300 km after
conversion– MQW and FWM in DS fibres
Fabricated devices