all human all human beings are beings are born free and born free and equalequal

Human rights Human rights are ...are ...

"basic rights and freedoms to which all humans are

entitled."

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives• Know how the UN is connected with Human

Rights

• Know the History of Human Rights

• Know the LEGAL STATUS of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

Warning!!!

A lot of writing in this lesson – be prepared!!

Legal rights

• A right is something to which everyone is entitled.

• Legal rights come from the law. (Agreed upon by government – we will discuss this in a later module)

Natural/Moral rights• Natural/ Moral rights

originate in French revolution – ‘the rights of man’. (However some people think they originated before this)

• The United Nations believes there are moral rights which can be applied to everyone, eg right to freedom from torture.

• Moral rights are not always legally enforceable

The History of The History of Human RightsHuman Rights

http://www.humanrights.com/#/what-are-human-rights

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

•Civil and Political Rights Document

•Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Document

International Bill of Human Rights

Questions...• Why did the UN adopt the

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)?

• Is the UDHR legally binding?

• What 2 rights/ documents make up the International Bill of Rights

Universal Declaration of Human RightsUniversal Declaration of Human Rights• UDHR signed in 1948 by

representatives of 58 countries.• Response to atrocities of Second

World War• Designed to safeguard and

protect human rights in every country around the world.

• “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience, and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.”

European Convention on Human Rights

• Passed in 1963 by Council of Europe

• Includes 44 members (including all EU members) who agree to uphold human rights.

• Unlike UDHR the European Convention on Human Rights is legally binding and infringements can be taken to European Court of Human Rights.Slobodan Milosevic at the ECHR

UN Convention of the Rights of the Child

In 1989, the world's leaders officially recognised the human rights of all children and young people under 18 by signing the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.

The Convention says that every child has:

•The right to a childhood (including protection from harm)•The right to be educated (including all girls and boys completing primary school)•The right to be healthy (including having clean water, nutritious food and medical care)•The right to be treated fairly (including changing laws and practices that are unfair on children)•The right to be heard (including considering children's views)•It's the most complete statement of children’s rights ever produced and is the most widely-ratified international human rights treaty in history.

All UN member states except for the United States, South Sudan and Somalia have approved the Convention.