Alcohol, Tobacco, Other Drugs

Alcohol

Defn: Alcohol is a drug that is produced by a chemical reaction in fruits, vegetables, and grains.

Depressant: A drug that slows down the working of the brain and other parts of the Nervous System

Alcohol is a Depressant

Facts and Myths about Alcohol1.78 Million youths in the United States between the ages

of 12-20 have drinking problems

Facts 70 % of all adults drink alcohol

1/3 of adults don’t drink at all

Over 17 million people have physical, social, and psychological problems with alcohol

Over 95,000 alcohol related deaths each year.

Teenagers cannot consume alcohol

Legal age for alcohol consumption is 21 years of age.

Myths Alcohol does not make a person

smart, cute, sexy, powerful, tough, rich.

Drinking alcohol is not an effective way of coping with one’s problems; in fact, it just adds to them.

Being able to hold one’s liquor has nothing to do with being cool or tough.

Drinking alcohol does not help a person to sleep better.

Alcohol and the Individual

Effects of Alcohol on a person has a number of factors Speed- Rate at which you consume the alcohol

Quantity- Number of alcoholic beverages

Food- Whether or not you have eaten

Weight- Your weight

Gender- Male or female

Mood- A drinker who starts off depressed usually ends up more depressed

Other drugs- Mixing alcohol with other drugs increases the effects of alcohol.

Alcohol Content of Beverages

No alcohol drink is a safe Drink !!!

BAC ( Blood Alcohol Concentration) – The amount of alcohol in a person blood

BAC and Traffic Accidents

What is Binge Drinking?

Binge Drinking- Five drinks in a row for males, 4 for females.

Frequent binge drinkers are more likely to:

Miss classes and get behind in school work

Argue with friends

Engage in unplanned or unprotected sex

Drive after drinking

Get into trouble with campus police

Damage property

Get hurt or injured 12

Problems Associated with Alcohol

FAS ( Fetal Alcohol Syndrome) – A group of alcohol-related birth defects that may include both physical and mental problems.

Drinking and Driving

Short-Term Effects of Alcohol

Long-Term Effects of Alcohol

Alcohol and Teens

Some sobering statistics for teens.

Alcoholism

Defn: The physical and mental need for alcohol turns into a progressive and chronic disease.

Alcoholics have two needs.

1. Physical- The body feels a direct need for alcohol

2. Psychological- The mind sends the body the message that it needs more and more alcohol

How YOU can Help.

What to do !!1. Talk calmly with the

drinker about the effects of alcohol.

2. Tell the drinker how concerned you are

3. Help the drinker to feel good about quitting

4. Give the drinker information about groups that can help

5. Encourage the drinker to get help

What not to do !!1. Do not argue with the

person2. Do not make excuses to

other’s for the drinker’s problem

3. Do not feel that you are responsible for the drinker’s action

4. Do not be afraid to seek help for that person if he or she won’t.

Choosing to be Alcohol Free !!

Why Some People Drink

“All my friends drink”

“Alcohol makes me look grown-up”

“Alcohol helps me forget about my problems”

“Alcohol help me to relax”

“Alcohol helps me feel less shy around other people”

Some Reasons Not to Drink !!

1. It is ILLEGAL

2. It gets in the way –Sports

3. It is not fun

4. It is not smart

5. It does not solve problems

6. It disappoints others and makes the user feel guilty

7. It harms your health

Other Things to Do

Talk about other things to do

Tobacco

Smoking trends by High School Students

What is Tobacco?

Tobacco is a plant grown in the United States, China, Brazil and India among other countries. The leaves of tobacco plants are dried, aged for two years, and then used to make cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco and snuff.

Chemicals in Tobacco

Questions to Ask Yourself

Would you pour nail polish remover (Acetone) over your cereal in the morning, or brush your teeth with mascara (Stearic Acid) ? Of course not!

Would you use shaving cream (ethanol)in place of whipped cream on a piece of pie? Nope!

Yet, when you use tobacco, you are taking these chemicals into your body!

There are over 4,000 chemicals in tobacco.

200 of them are heavy metals like cadimum (which is used to make batteries).

Why People Smoke

Nicotine addiction - addiction can start a few

days after have a few cigarettes. Half of teenagers

progress to daily smoking, and become addicted

Social and psychological factors- physical

addiction, and habits (using tobacco in social

situations), character

Why start in the first place?-- appear older,

mature, cool, manly, parents smoke do not

discourage smoking.

Who uses tobacco?- 90% of new smokers are

children and teens, average age is 13.

Tar – A dark, thick, sticky liquid that forms when tobacco burns.

1 pack of Cigarette

=

1 Quart of Tar in the lungs over a lifetime

Nicotine – An addictive drug that is found in all tobacco products.

Carbon monoxide – A colorless, odorless, poisonous gas that is produced when tobacco burns.

A Cigarette in Action !!!

Different Forms of Tobacco

Cigarette – The most common form in which tobacco is used.

Cigars and Pipes – Cigars and Pipes produce more tar than cigarettes. Cigar smokers are more likely to develop cancers.

Smokeless Tobacco – Chew is made from coarsely ground tobacco leaves. Users suck and occasionally chew on it.

How Tobacco Affects the Body Systems

Tobacco Affects the Body System

How Tobacco Affects the Body

Personal Appearance

Stained Teeth

Stained fingers

Clothing damage

Bloodshot eyes

Wrinkles

Smelly clothes

Bad breath

The Cost of Tobacco

1 Pack a Day $98.51 $1,182.09

1.5 Packs a Day

$147.76 $1,773.14

2 Packs a Day $197.02 $2,364.18

# of Packs Cost/Month Cost/Year

$3.25 Per Pack Lifetime cost = 60 years = $141,850.80

The Cost of Tobacco

Packs/ Day Cost/ Month Cost/ year

1 $127.30 $1527.60

1.5 $190.95 $2291.44

2 $254.60 $3055.22 $4.20 Per Pack

Lifetime Cost = $183,313.20

Hidden Cigarette Costs

Clothes ruined from cigarette smoke or cigarette burns.

Higher Insurance Rates

Doctor or Dental bills from Smoking

Tobacco Addictions

Addiction – A physical or mental need for a drug or other substance.

Nicotine is as addictive as heroin, cocaine and alcohol

Tobacco is the most common form of drug addiction in the United States.

Choose to BE Tobacco FREE

Why Teens Start to use Tobacco

A False Crutch: Peer Pressure

Control Weight

Look cool

Stress

Parents smoke

Using Lighters / Carrying Cigarettes

Loss of Control

• 75% of tobacco addicts SAY want to quit

• 60-80% of addicts quit at stop-smoking clinics, but nearly all relapse tobacco addicts have dysfunctional need gratification cycle

average 40 minutes between nicotine fix (get edgy, irritable, trouble concentrating if no drug)

It’s not to late to Quit

Tobacco In The Media !!

Gives false impressions of people who smoke

Images

Athletic

Healthy Rebels

Mature

Attractive

The Reality of SMOKING!!

Reality Sickly

Constantly Short of Breath

Social outcasts

Prematurely Aged

The Truth!

M R . GERLACH’S

7 T H G R A D E

H E A L T H E D U C A T I O N

Other Illegal Drugs

Over-The-Counter Drugs

Drugs – Substances other than food that change the structure or function of the mind.

Medicines –Drugs that are used to treat or prevent diseases and other conditions.

Over-the-counter Drugs

Medicines that prevent disease: Vaccines prevent diseases

Ex. You should be vaccinated for:

Tetanus

Measles

Mumps

Rubella

Hepatitis B

Influenza

Over-the-counter Drugs

Medicines that fight disease:

Antibiotics: Medicines that reduce or prevent harmful bacteria in the body.

Most antibiotics are received after a visit to the doctor.

Over-the-counter Drugs

Medicines that provide relief:

These medicines provide relief from headaches, toothaches and muscular pain.

Reaction to Medicines

Tolerance – A person’s body becomes used to the effect of a medicine and needs greater amounts of it to be effective.

Side effect – Any reaction to a medicine other than the one intended. Ex.

Upset Stomach

Dizziness

Drowsiness

Two Categories of Drugs

1. Stimulants – Drugs that speed up the body’s functions.

Effects of Stimulants on the Body

- Speed up the central nervous system

- Cause your heart rate to increase

- Cause respiratory rates to increase

- Cause high blood pressure

Stimulants

Caffeine – A mild stimulant found in coffee, pop, and tea.

Harsh Stimulants used to get “HIGH”

Two Categories of Drugs

2. Depressants – Drugs that slow down the body’s functions and reactions.

Tranquilizers

BARBITUATES

Powder

Tablets

Ice / Crystal Meth

Rock

Facts on Meth

Meth stimulates the central nervous system and has a high potential for abuse and dependence.

Methamphetamine street names: Meth, Crystal Meth, Crystal, Ice, Crank, Speed, Glass, & Chalk.

It can be smoked, injected intravenously, snorted or eaten. The user experiences an intense "rush" lasting only a few minutes when smoked or injected.

The only medical treatment this drug is used in is for obesity, but very limited otherwise.

Meth in the United States

How Meth Works in the Body

Meth and the Brain

Negative Effects of Meth

Hyperactivity

Irritability

Aggression

Suspiciousness

Severe Paranoia

Shortness of breath

Sweating

Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea

Long period of sleep (for 24-48 hrs or more)

Severe depression, Sluggishness

Weight loss, malnutrition, anorexia

Itching (feeling that bugs are crawling on your skin)

Welts on the skin (crank bugs)

Uncontrollable body and facial twitches, grimacing

Paranoid delusions

Visual hallucinations

Auditory hallucinations (hearing "voices")

Suicidal tendencies

Methamphetamines

Meth Lab Components

Suphedrine tablets and matchesused in manufacturing.

Rubbing Alcohol Cold Medicine Containing

Pseudoephedrine or Ephedrine Matches (Red Phosphorus) Salt Gasoline additives Gasoline Pool acid/ Muratic acid Drain cleaner (e.g. "Red Devil lye") Acetone Iodine Brake Fluid Brake Cleaner Iodine Crystals

Lithium Metal / Lithium Batteries Lighter Fluid Kerosene Campfire Fuel Drain Cleaners (Drano or Liquid Fire) Ethyl Ether (Starting Fluid) Anhydrous Ammonia (stored in

propane tanks or coolers) Muriatic (hydrochloric) acid Sodium Metal Ephedrine Laboratory Glassware Coffee Filters Camera Batteries Paint Thinner Aluminum Foil Propane Tanks Funnels

Meth Homes

Meth Homes in the U.S

Before and After Meth

Effects of Meth on the Body

Meth MouthMeth and the Brain

Meth Bites

Other Illegal Street Drugs

Marijuana – The most common street drug.

Alternate Names:

Pot

Grass

Weed

Reefer

Dope

Mary Jane

Other Illegal Street Drugs

Designer Drugs – Drugs that are made from chemicals that resemble illegal substances

PCP – Hallucinogen

LSD – Distorts sounds, perception and colors

Inhalants –Substances whose fumes are sniffed and inhaled to give a hallucinogenic effect.

Other Illegal Drugs

Ecstasy - Called MDMA (3-4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine)

by scientists, it is a synthetic chemical that can be derived from an essential oil of the sassafras tree.

Street Names: E, Adam, Roll, Bean, X and XTC, Clarity, Essence, Stacy, Lover’s Speed, EveForm: Pills - usually white, yellow or brown

Size: shape and design vary

Pills are often branded with designer symbols

Choose to be Drug Free

The Choice is yours !!