al andalus
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ahmad Abo-Obid Mohammad Fares24th May 2012
![Page 2: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Al-Andalus
![Page 3: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
WHAT WAS AL-ANDALUS Al- Andalus was the name that Muslims gave to the territories of the
Iberian Peninsula.
Muslims ruled Al-Andalus from the year 711 until 1492
Before the Muslim’s arrival, the Visigoths ruled the Iberian Peninsula.
Al- Andalus had a big role in influencing Europe and its neighboring kingdoms, where was intended many sons of Europe to seek knowledge.
![Page 4: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Iberian Peninsula sometimes called Iberia, is a peninsula located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes the modern-day sovereign states of Spain, Portugal and Andorra, as well as the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar.
WHAT WAS AL-ANDALUS
![Page 5: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CHRONOLOGY
There are five different phases in the history of Al Andalus:
1. The dependent empire (711-756)
2. The independent empire (756-929)
3. Caliphate of Cordoba (929-1031)
4. Taifas’ Kingdoms‘ (1031-1212)
5. Almoravids (1088-1147)
6. Almohads (1147-1232)
7. Nasir kingdom of Granada (1232-1492)
![Page 7: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
1-THE DEPENDENT EMPIRE (711-756)
1) Battle of Guadalete (711)
![Page 8: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
1-THE DEPENDENT EMPIRE (711-756)
2) Play rock(714)
3) Walis age (715-756)
During this age there were 22 rulers governed Al-andalus
715 – Abd al-Aziz bin Musa was announced first Emir of Andalus
![Page 9: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2-THE INDEPENDENT EMPIRE (756-929)
Abd-al-Rahman I became Emir of Córdoba in 756; fleeing for six years after the Umayyad had lost the position of Caliph held in Damascus in 750 .
![Page 10: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Until 929 it was independent Empire
2-THE INDEPENDENT EMPIRE (756-929)
![Page 11: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
3-CALIPHATE OF CORDOBA (929-1031)
In January 929, Abd-al-Rahman III proclaimed himself Caliph of Qurtuba in place of his original title Emir of Córdoba
His ruling extended for 50 years (golden age)
Medina Azahara.
Until 1031 it was under one calipha.
![Page 12: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
3-CALIPHATE OF CORDOBA (929-1031)
![Page 13: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
4-TAIFAS’ KINGDOMS' (1031-1088)
It became from one country to 21 countries like our days
![Page 14: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
5-ALMORAVIDS (1088-1147)
![Page 15: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
6-ALMOHADS(1147-1232)
![Page 16: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
7-NASIR KINGDOM OF GRANADA (1232-1492)
![Page 17: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
THE MOST IMPORTANT AL ANDALUS’ CITIES
Cordoba Granada
Seville Toledo
![Page 18: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Cordobafeatures of Cordoba:
More than
two hundred thousand houses
Eighty thousand Palaces
1600 mosques
600 Arab baths
And 70 libraries
Even nicknamed the "Jewel of the world"
![Page 19: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE MOSQUE OF CORDOBA
![Page 20: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Mosque of Cordoba:From outside
![Page 21: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Mosque of Cordoba:From inside
![Page 22: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
GRANADAGranada is located at the foot of the mountains and
in the confluence of three rivers.
Up to 738 meters above sea level.
![Page 24: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
ALHAMBRA
Alhambra is an old palace and fortress.
Built by the rulers of Granada are called : Banu Al-Ahmar
An area of 142,000 square meters.
Contains thirteen towers for defensive purposes..
![Page 25: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Reconstruction of the Alhambra palace
1. Alcazaba
2. Generalife
3. Nasrid Palace (Alhambra)
![Page 26: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Al andalus](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5567f1a7d8b42aaf768b4a05/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Alhambra palace from inside