Aim: What is genetics?Do now: Write in your notebook, what do you

think of when you hear the word genetics?5 mins

What is Genetics?Genetics is the study of genes.

What are genes?Genes are segments of

DNA that code for a specific protein

Chromosomes are made up of genes, which are made up of DNA.

We further discuss the structure of genes later in the semester.

Genetic material (genes, chromosomes, DNA) is found inside the nucleus of a cell.

InheritanceHeredityis how traits, or characteristics, are

passed on from generation to generation. Inheritance are all of the genetic characters or qualities transmitted from parent to offspring.

HistoryGregor Mendel is considered “The Father of Genetics“Austrian Monk.Experimented with “pea plants”.Used pea plants because:

They were availableThey reproduced quicklyThey showed obvious differences in the traits

Understood that there was something that carried traits from one generation to the next- “FACTOR”.

Particulate Hypothesis of Inheritance: Parents pass on to

their offspring separate and distinct factors (today called genes) that are responsible for inherited traits.

Genetics TodayDNA is a universal code. All living things with

DNA are thought and proven to be able to use each others DNA.

This gave rise to a sub branch of genetics: Genetic Engineering.

Scientific alteration of the structure of genetic material in a living organism.

But why should you care?Would you eat foods that contained GMOs?

Humans fear what they do not understand

What is a GMO?

But when they understand it, they can use it to its full potential

What is parental testing?Is it accurate?

Should I test for BRAC?What do these results mean?

Can DNA prove someone’sinnocence?What is genetic counseling?

Where is genetics used?Medicine

ImmunityPreventive careTreatmentGene therapy

ResearchEvolutionMedical

AgricultureGenetically modified

crops

Animal geneticsLivestockSelective breedingCloning

MedicineIn the future, doctors and scientists hope to

use our genetic information to diagnose, treat, prevent and cure many illnesses.

A 23andMe personalized genetic testing kit

AgricultureGMOs Genetically

modified organismsBT-corn(named after

Bacillus thruringiensis) is a form of sweet corn that has been genetically modified to include an insect-killing gene The farmer doesn't have

to spray with pesticides, because the insects die from eating the corn.

Tomatoes-GM tomatoes don't rot as quickly as regular tomatoes, so they can tolerate longer periods of transportation

Identification and AncestryForensics

311 formally incarcerated people have been freed by Project Innocent

Over 2000 according to CNN

Ancestral lineage

National geographic genographic project traces the migration patterns of people’s ancestors

Animal geneticsAll dogs are

descendants of wolvesTraits selected for

different reasons and bred for resulted in all the breeds we know now.

Cows are altered so that they produce more milk

Goats that produce milk with pharmaceutics (Drugs)

EvolutionGenetics have aided in the discovery of

missing links in the evolution of mankind and other forms of life

Exit SlipStarting with “Today I learned that…” write

down something specific you learned today.