aim: how do organelles impact a cell’s activity?
DESCRIPTION
AIM: HOW DO ORGANELLES IMPACT A CELL’S ACTIVITY?. Do Now:. Which sequence of terms is in the correct order from simplest to most complex? cells → tissues → organs → organ systems tissues → organisms → cells → organ systems cells → tissues → organ systems → organs - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Which sequence of terms is in the correct order from simplest to most complex?
1. cells → tissues → organs → organ systems2. tissues → organisms → cells → organ
systems3. cells → tissues → organ systems → organs4. organs → organisms → organ systems →
cells
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1. cell2. tissue3. organ4. system
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These structures are called Organelles.
....they actually do work for the cell, by carrying out life functions.
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Organelles vary in size
They became visible to the scientist with the advancement of scientific technique and equipment.
Ex.) compound light microscope, electron microscope and centrifuge
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Just like the Organs of your body, organelles work together to perform specialized functions that help maintain HOMEOSTASIS within the cell.
Homeostasis is a balance or steady state both inside and outside the cell that helps an organism to survive.
Failure of homeostasis is known as disease!
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Semi-permeable (selectively permeable) membrane (covering)
Protects the inside of the cell from the outside environment
Controls what molecules enter and exit the cell
Recognizes chemical signals
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Shows the parts of the cell (plasma) membrane: lipid bi-layer (bi=2), proteins
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Allows small molecules to pass into the cell ex.) gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide)
glucose (simple sugar) Prevents large molecules from entering or
exiting the cell ex.) starch
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Proteins allow large, charged and odd shaped molecules to enter and exit the cell.
They also serve as receptor and recognition proteins for chemical signals (life function: REGULATION)
Proteins
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Located near the center of
the cell
Contains genetic material
in the form of chromosomes
Allows transfer of this DNA
during REPRODUCTIO
N (life function)
*Nucleolus located inside nucleus and it makes ribosomes.
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Jelly-like material inside the cell that is eighty percent water
Hold the organelles
Moves materials around the cell
Chemical reactions take place here
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Small membrane bound organelle where cellular respiration takes place.
Cellular Respiration is the process that converts food energy into a usable form or ENERGY for the cell ATP (Adenosine tri-phosphate)
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Small dense organelle that serves as the site for protein production
Can be free in the cytoplasm or attached to an organelle known as the endoplasmic reticulum.
ribosome
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Is the home of ribosomes (protein makers)
Transports proteins, created by ribosomes, to the cell membrane where they will be used or secreted by the cell.
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Chlorophyll (pigment in plants) containing structure
Found in plants and algae
Where photosynthesis takes place
* Photosynthesis is the use of SOLAR energy to combine inorganic molecules (H2O, CO2) to
create the organic molecule, glucose (sugar) .
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1. The cell membrane forms a boundary that separates the cellular contents from the outside environment.
2. The cell membrane is capable of receiving and recognizing chemical signals.
3. The cell membrane forms a barrier that keeps all substances that might harm the cell from entering the cell.
4. The cell membrane controls the movement of molecules into and out of the cell.
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The Sequel
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Located in primarily animal cells Involved in the process of cell division (life functions: growth/reproduction)
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Membrane bound organelle containing Water Enzymes And other substances
Serves as food storage (NUTRITION), non-removable waste (EXCRETION) or secretion products.
Lysosome is a special vacuole that aids in nutrition using enzymes to digest by
merging with food vacuoles.
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Accepts made proteins and transports them to cell membrane for use inside or outside the cell.
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Provides structure and support for the cell Protects the cell Found mostly in plant cells, made of
cellulose
cell wall
Work like a skeleton for the plant cell!
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1.
2.
3.
4.
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1. organelles2. insulin3. guard cells4. antibodies
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1. a nucleus 2. a chromosome 3. a protein molecule 4. an enzyme molecule
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1. cell membrane—storage of hereditary information
2. chloroplast—transport of materials
3. ribosome—synthesis of proteins
4. vacuole—production of ATP
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Do Now: State the cell Theory:
o All living things are made up of one (uni-cellular organism) or
more cells (multi-cellular organism).
o Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in organisms.
o All cells arise from existing cells.
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Cellular Diversity
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The process by which a less specialized cell develops or matures to possess a more distinct form and function.
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State ways in which a single cell organism, such as an ameba, and a human body cell are alike.
1.) They contain similar structures (organelles)
2.) They are the basic unit that performs life function for the organism
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Label your cell diagrams
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Cell wall
Chloroplast
Shape of cell
Centrioles
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1.structure 12.structure 23.structure 34.structure 4
1.structure 1
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1. tissues in which similar cells function together
2. organs that help to carry out a specific life activity
3. systems that are responsible for a specific life activity
4. organelles that carry out different functions
These groups of cells represent different
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1. A multicellular organism has organ systems that interact to carry out life functions, while a single-celled organism carries out life functions without using organ systems.
2. A single-celled organism carries out fewer life functions than each cell of a multicellular organism.
3. A multicellular organism always obtains energy through a process that is different from that used by a single-celled organism.
4. The cell of a single-celled organism is always much larger than an individual cell of a multicellular organism.
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1. does not require energy 2. has energy requirements
equal to those of thyroid tissue
3. requires less energy than thyroid tissue
4. requires more energy than thyroid tissue