aging of horse

8/14/2019 Aging of Horse

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AGE DETERMINATION INHORSES

Tanveer Hussain

Lecturer

Department of Livestock production


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Dental Formula

Temporary teeth

I - 3/3 C- 0/0 P - 3/3 M - 0/0 = 12 x 2 = 24

Adult (permanent teeth)

I - 3/3 C - 1/1 P - 3 or 4/3 M - 3/3 = 20 (or

21) x 2 = 40 (or 42)


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Age Determination

Estimating the age of a horse by examining its teeth is acommon practice. For very young horses, eruption dates are

useful

The examination of the occlusal surface of the lower incisors.

Similar changes occur on the upper incisors, but it is typically

easier to get a good look at the lowers

Two characteristics should be noted

Shape of the incisors

Cups, stars and spots


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Anatomy


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Shape of the incisors

For horses less than about

11 years, all of the lower

incisors have a rounded,

oval shape. As the horsegets older, the surface of the

incisors changes, first to a

triangular shape and finally

a rectangular shape


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Cups, stars and spots

The cup is the center of the infundibulum. Wear of theocclusal surface causes the cup to get smaller and eventuallydisappear from all lower incisors at about 8 years of ageleaving the enamel spotin its place. The enamel spot is thedeepest part of the infundibulum

The dental starcorresponds with the pulp cavity and appearsat 8 years of age in the first incisor. It appears as a line andthen changes to a large, round spot as the occlusal surface is

worn further. It is still visible after the cup and enamel spothave been worn away


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The anatomic relationships between incisor anatomy and the cups and stars seen

on the occlusal surface as they wear are shown in the images


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Tooth Eruption

Temporary Permanent

Incisors d1= 6 days I

1= 2.5-3 years

d2= 6 weeks I

2= 3.5-4 years

d3= 6 months I

3= 4.5-5 years

Canine 4-5 years


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Wear of Permanent Teeth

I1 I2 I3

Smooth (cups gone) 6 years 7 years 8 years

Stars 8 years 9 years 10 years

Round 9 years 10 years 11 years

Triangular 16 yrs 17 yrs 17-18 yrs

Rectangular 18-20+ yr


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Shape of Teeth at different Age

3 Year 5 Year

7 Year 10 year


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14 Years 20 Years


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shape of the occlusal surface changes

A younge horse A middle aged horse

An old horse


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Side view

The incisor angle in a young horseviewed from the side

The incisor angle in an aging horse


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Hook The hook is a little beak that

develops on the corner of the

upper corner incisors. It is not a

reliable sign to determine the age

of a horse. It will appear fromaround the age of 6 and stay for

the rest of the horse's life unless it

is rasped off or worn down. It is

developed simply because the

upper I3 is slightly wider than itscorresponding tooth and will not

wear like the other teeth do


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Galvayne's groove

10 Years 15 years

20 Years


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6-year-old mare

Occlusal surfaces of the

incisors are oval

Cups are present as large

elliptical infoldings

(arrowheads)

Dental stars are visible

on arrows


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12-year-old mare

Occlusal surfaces aremore triangular

Cups have become

smaller and moreshallow

In the center of thedental stars a white spot

is clearly visible arrows


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THANKYOU

aging of horse

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