agile networks 2.0 - choices and tradeoffs Željko bulut product line manager, optical networks

© Nokia Siemens Networks 1ECOC 2010

Agile Networks 2.0 - Choices and Tradeoffs

Željko BulutProduct Line Manager, Optical Networks


New Optical Infrastructure ….… for the New Decade

Revenue per user decreasing, while traffic is increasing exponentially

2. User Expectations High quality of service

Instantaneous data access

Mobility and portability

Low/unnoticeable latency

Flat rates and free devices

Free unlimited storage

3. Service Providers Face fierce competition and

macro economic uncertainty

Need solutions to the decreasing ARPU/MB

Need more efficient and scalable network infrastructure

Need added network intelligence in all layers

1. New Applications Bandwidth hungry, real-time,

interactive, asymmetric

Big increase in mobile apps

Flat-rate models open flood gates for traffic

Traffic is explosive and unpredictable

Users rapidly adopting new products and services


Increasing network traffic …… driver for 40G/100G in Core and Metro

10G

40G

100Gnetwork bandwidthgrowth of

50-100% per year

HDTV download speed 60Mbps

Online gaming 2-20Mbps

bidirectional

Data centers drive aggregation of 10G servers and clients

0.4-1T

Super Hi-Vision (UHDTV) with 16x pixel resolution of

HDTV, 500 Mbps VOD, VoIP,

Streaming, Data Storage


Agile Networks 1.0 … … challenges of the last decade

Optical Layer proved to be much bigger challenge than anticipated – most of the early focus was on the control plane

Lack of the economical wavelength switching technology – we built the roads and cars but forgot to build the car engine – inadequate wavelength blockers and PLC based ROADM’s were deployed with WSS catching up …

Lack of investment in core optical technology following the Internet bubble burst – number of promising startups with viable technology vanished

Workflow processes including service planning, ordering, procurement and installation, remained largely under automated leading to OPEX challenges and resulting in long service provisioning times

Restoration and protection services were never implemented and deployed in significant way – protection was realized at Layer 3 which is inadequate and arguably more expensive

Lack of sophisticated multilayer optimization tools leading to overdesigned and inefficient networks – network congestions fixed with brute force by adding more router capacity and point to point DWDM pipes


Agile Network and Control Plane Functions

Control Plane

Data Plane

Management Plane

Dynamic Provisioning

5. Signaling for Connection Provisioning (RSVP-TE)

4. Routing (Path Calculation, CSPF)

Network Resilience

6. Distributed Recovery

7. Fault Localization

Inventory and Resource Management

1. Neighbor Discovery (LMP) 2. Global Topology Discovery (OSPF-TE)

GMPLS Protocols:1: LMP2: OSPF-TE 3: UNI, RSPV-TE4: CSPF5: RSPV-TE6: all7: LMP

UNIE-NNI

3. Setup Request (UNI Signaling, NMS Trigger)


Multi-Layer Network Optimization

WWW,P2P, IPTV

E-LAN/E-Line,leased line etc.

flexible opticaltransport services

L3/IP

L2/OTN

L1/Optical

Multi-Layer Optimization offers TCO reduction and network efficiency

Services are optimally groomed, aggregated, switched and routed, by multi-layer optimization tools

Minimization of intermediate routing to bypass routers

On demand OTN and/or DWDM services across the network and domains


Optical Transport Platform - Data Plane check list

OTN/MPLS Switch

ODUk/Packetscalable

Line System

DCM FreeAutomation, Supervision

Transients Handling

Multidegre Tunable ROADM

scalablefuture proof

Transponders

40/100G DP-QPSKdeployed as flexible

resource pools

cla

ssic

al i

nte

rwor

king

colo

red

inte

rwo

rkin

g

today future


High-Level ROADM Requirements

1Multidegree ROADM

N = 8-16 for Metro

N = 6-8 for Long Haul

10 Tb capacity per fiber

Flexible bandwidth allocation

65-100% add/drop

In-service growth to N – no forklift

Future proof express path

High level of integration

Advanced Automation

Supervision and Monitoring

Degree

Degree

Degree

Degree

Degree Degree

CDCTransponder

Pools

3

N-1 N

4

2

Transponder Pools

10G/40G/100G

Colorless

Directionless

Contentionless


Less of everything … do we have a naming issue?

Colorless ColorlessDirectionless

ColorlessDirectionless Contentionless

• Transponder permanently connected to an add/drop port but can be remotely tuned to any wavelength

• However transponder can only carry traffic in one predetermined direction and that cannot be changed remotely without on site internvention

• Transponder permanently connected to an add/drop port but can be remotely tuned to any wavelength and any direction

• However only one wavelength per an add/drop tree can be used at the time leading to wavelength blocking, also referred to as wavelength contention

• Transponder permanently connected to an add/drop port but can be remotely tuned to any wavelength and any direction

• Up to N wavelengths can be repeated per an add/drop tree eliminating the wavelength contention

Degree #4

Degree #2

Degree #1

Degree #5

Degree #3

add/drop add/drop add/drop add/dropadd/drop

TransponderBank

TransponderBank

TransponderBank

TransponderBank

TransponderBank

Degree #4

Degree #2

Degree #1

Degree #5

Degree #3


TransponderBank

TransponderBank

TransponderBank

TransponderBank

TransponderBank

Degree #4

Degree #2

Degree #1

Degree #5

Degree #3


TransponderBank

TransponderBank

TransponderBank

TransponderBank

TransponderBank


Good ROADM Recipe … … shake well!!!

Wavelength Selective Switches• MEMS, LC, LCoS, PLZT, etc.• 1xn and mxn portcount • Both 100GHz and 50GHz• Flexible spectrum - Flexigrid• Integrated WSS/AWG/MC Switch• Integrated Power Monitoring

Other technologies• PLC technology - PIC• AWG • Tunable Filters/FBG• EDFA Arrays• VOA Arrays • Switches• Multicast Switches• Splitters/Combiners• Coherent Rx

Application Optimized ROADM

Fiber Optic Switches• MEMS, Piezo, Robotic, etc. • Switch fabrics MxN• Large form factor• Standalone switching platforms • Offered also as OEM solutions• Some are modularized


40G/100G modulation schemes… established in the marketplace

0

DQPSK

3/2

1/2

DP-QPSK

40G Transponders

improved CD/PMD tolerance

If RZ, then improved OSNR sensitivity, but

reduced nonlinear tolerance compared to

DPSKhigher component cost

new generation

40G/100G Transponders

superior CD/PMD tolerance

OSNR sensitivity even better than for RZ-DQPSK

because of coherent detection

low cost 10G components

40G Transponders

OOK vs. DPSK:

Symbol separation factor 2 better

3dB better receiver sensitivity

add PMDC card where necessary

0

DPSK


Looking ahead …

2 4 8 16 32 64

-3

0

3

6

9

12

15

QAM constellation points

Req

uire

d O

SN

R r

elat

ive

to Q

PS

K (

dB)

Scaling beyond DP-QPSK modulation to more dense formats

100G

300G

200G


FlexiGrid - Enhanced spectral occupancy

1Tb/s

4 x 300+ Gb/s CP-16QAM over 200GHz

Higher spectral utilization

100 Gb/s

1 x 120+ Gb/s DP-QPSK over 50GHz

Lower spectral utilization

Today Future

Flexible Spectrum Allocation

Base technologies:

■ LCOS WSS technology

■ High-speed digital signal processing

■ Advanced coding, possibly OFDM

■ High-speed ADC/DAC


Capacity Enhancements in DWDM Networks

…

1569.59 1568.77 1531.521531.12 1530.33 , nm1569.18 1568.36 1530.72

Legacy networks as deployed

today:

50 GHz, fixed grid40 G 40 G 40 G 40 G10 G 10 G 10 G100

G

50GHz

Sp

ectr

al

occ

up

ancy

1T

…

50GHz 200GHz

1569.59 1568.77 1531.12 1530.33 , nm1569.18 1568.36 1530.721531.52

100

G

400

G

1T

200

G

100GHz

Sp

ectr

al

occ

up

ancy

50GHz

Future networks:

50-200 GHz, flexible grid


Metro DWDM

• Point-to-Point, Rings, MSTP

• initially PLC based, lately WSS

based

• Most 40x10G only

• Limited Control and

Management plane feature set

Long-Haul DWDM

• Blocker and PLC based ROADMs

• Followed with 50GHz WSS

• Limited Nodal Degree – 4 or less

• Expensive due to high insertion losses

(DCM, splitters/combiners, AWG)

• Not optimized for 40G/100G

• Limited Control and Management

Plane implementation

2000-2010

Agile Networks 1.0

2010 – 2020

Agile Networks 2.0

Agile Networks 2.0 – what’s next?

Metro/Regional/Long-Haul DWDM• Large Scale Photonic Switching (8-16 fiber degrees)• Colorless/Directionless/Contentionless ROADMs with support for the next

modulation format for 400G/1000G• Full implementation of the control and management plane – integration of

the engineering and planning function to support multilayer service optimization and virtualization

• ODU/MPLS Switching (scalable in ULH to 20+ Tbps) with the integrated ODU/MPLS Switching/Control Plane


Thank you

agile networks 2.0 - choices and tradeoffs Željko bulut product line manager, optical networks

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