Agenda 9/18/15

•Get out Cell Organelle Booklet.

Chemical level: a molecule in the membrane that encloses a cell

Cellular level: a cell in the stomach lining

Tissue level: layers of tissue in the stomach wall

Organ level: the stomach

Body system level: the digestive system

Organism level: the whole body

1.All life forms are made from one or more cells.

2.Cells only arise from pre-existing cells. 3.The cell is the smallest form of life.

Proposed in 1838 by Schleiden & Schwann

• NO NUCLEUSNO NUCLEUS• Small, simpleSmall, simple• A prokaryotic cell is enclosed by a plasma membrane and is usually encased in a rigid cell wall

–The cell wall may be covered by a sticky capsule

–Inside the cell are its DNA and other parts

• Grow & reproduceGrow & reproduce

•EX. E. coli (bacterial EX. E. coli (bacterial cells)cells)

•HAVE A NUCLEUS & MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES

•Grow & reproduce

•Some live as single cells

•Examples: Plants, animals, fungi, etc.

Plasma membrane

Figure 4.5A

Golgiapparatus

Ribosomes

NucleusSmooth endoplasmicreticulum

Roughendoplasmicreticulum

Mitochondrion

Not in most plant cells

Cytoskeleton

Flagellum

Lysosome

Centriole

Peroxisome

Microtubule

Intermediatefilament

Microfilament

Figure 4.5B

Nucleus

Golgiapparatus

Not inanimal

cells

Centralvacuole

Chloroplast

Cell wall

Mitochondrion

Peroxisome

Plasma membrane

Roughendoplasmicreticulum

Ribosomes

Smoothendoplasmicreticulum

Cytoskeleton

Microtubule

Intermediatefilament

Microfilament

Function: provide support and protection for the cell; allows water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other things to pass through

FOUND ONLY IN PLANT CELLS

Description: Phospholipid Bilayer with proteins embedded in it

Function: Provides a barrier between the inside of the cell and the external environment

Found in ALL Cells

Description: Double-membrane layer

Function: Selectively allows material to pass into and out of the nucleus via the pores

Location: WITHIN the nucleus

Found in all EUKARYOTIC CELLS

Function: controls most cell processes and contains hereditary info of DNA; has chromatin which forms chromosomes during mitosis

Location: near the center of the cell

Found in all EUKARYOTIC cells

Function: Location where ribosomes are made

Location: WITHIN the nucleus.

Found in all EUKARYOTIC cells

Description: DNA bound to proteins that is visible within the nucleus

Location: WITHIN the nucleus.

Description: Condensed chromatin, distinct, thread-like structures containing genetic information.

Location: WITHIN the nucleus.

Found in all EUKARYOTIC cells

TYPES:Free – are floating around in the cytoplasm

Bound – are attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum

Function: Protein Synthesis

Found in ALL cells

Function: use energy from food to make high-energy particles for the cell to use

Location: in the cytoplasm of the cell

Nickname: Powerhouse

Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells

Description: Double membrane structure containing stacks of photosynthetic membranes which contain the green pigment chlorophyll.

Function: Use energy from sunlight to make energy-rich food molecules in a process known as photosynthesis.Found ONLY in PLANT Cells

Description: Folded membrane studded with ribosomes that extends from the nuclear envelope

Function: Protein synthesis can occur ON the ribosomes and then the proteins are modified on the inside of the rough ER.

Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells

Description: Folded membrane that extends from the rough ER or stands alone in the cytoplasm

Function: Contains collections of enzymes for specialized tasks, including assembly of lipids.

Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells

Description: Folded membranes that are stacked and form an assembly line for final modification of proteins

Function: Using enzymes, it attaches carbohydrates & lipids to proteins. From the Golgi, proteins are sent to their final destination in vesicles.

Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells

Function: Contain enzymes used to breakdown lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.

Lysosomal Enzymes can: - Digest food- Destroy bacteria- Recycle damaged organelles- Function in embryonic development in

animals

Found in MOST EUKARYOTIC Cells

Function: Location for storage of water, salts, proteins & carbohydrates. In plant cells there is usually a single, large, central vacuole that stores liquid.

Found in EUKARYOTIC Cells

Larger in Plant Cells than in Animal Cells

Function: helps the cell maintain its shape; also involved in movement inside the cell

Location: network of protein filaments that goes throughout the cell

Components: Microtubules & Microfilaments

Found in ALL Cells