AGA/SPE PRESENTATIONPREPLANNING & RECOMMENDATIONS ON

FISHING, MILLING, &WHIPSTOCKS

Peter W. Krause

Mid State Oil Tools, Inc.

CONTACTS

Mt. Pleasant Michigan 989-773-4114 (Corporate)

Kalkaska, MI Meadow Lands, PA Newburgh, IN

231-258-8662 724-229-3506 812-853-8088

PREPLANNING AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON

FISHING MILLING

WHIPSTOCKS

•An object that is left in the wellbore during drilling, workover, or production operations which must be recovered before work can proceed. • It can be anything from a scrap piece of metal, part of the drill

string, casing, metal, wood, or rubber.

• If a fish becomes part of the wellbore, here are some things that may be helpful to know to retrieve it.

What is a fish?

DO YOUR HOMEWORKPLAN AHEAD

• Drilling Operations

• Casing Operations

• Completion and Workover Operations

Drilling Operations•Caliper Tools

•Run collars in same order

•Know your drill pipe

•OD Fishable

•Vertical, Directional, or Horizontal Well

•Hole size

Casing Operations•Tally casing

•Know OD, Weight, Grade, & Type (Seamless)

•Well Design, Type of Well Being Drilled

•Note Hardware, Important for Future Work

•Cementing Operation

•State Requirements

Workover & Completion •Caliper Tools

•Tools OD Fishable

•Well Pressure

•Future Workovers

•Will Process Affect IDs of Casing

•Make Schematic

WELLSCHEMATIC

FISHING TOOLS•Overshots

•Spears

•Jarring Tools

•Junk Catchers

•Cutting Tools

•Repairing Tools

Overshots (Design to catch OD of Fish)

• Series 10

• Series 20

• Series 70

• Series 150

• Series 160

Series 10• Sucker Rod

• Non-Circulate

• Components

• Operation

Series 20• Sucker Rod

• Non-Circulate

• Short Length

• Components

• Operation

• Last Resort

Series 70• Short Catch

• Circulate

• No Pack-Off

• Short Length

• Components

• Operation

Series 150• Most Popular

• Circulate

• Pack-Off

• Components

• Operation

Series 160• Side Door

• Design to Catch

• Components

• Operation

• Alternative to Cut and Thread

Accessories• Extension Bowls

• Oversized Guides

• Wall Hooks

Spears (Designed to Catch ID of Fish)

• Itco Style

• Full Circle

• Lebus Washpipe

• Packer Retrieval

• Wireline

Itco Style

• Simple Design

• Effective

• Components

• Operation

Additional Spears

• Full Circle

• Lebus Washpipe

• Packer

• Wireline

Accessories

• Stop Subs

• Pack-Offs

Jarring Tools Increase impact of upward or downward movements

• Fishing Jars

• Intensifiers/Energizers

• Lubricated Bumper Subs

• Fishing Bumper Subs

Hydraulic Jars (Increase Impact Upward)

• Oil Filled Tool with Valve Assembly inside• Control Impact • Collars Needed (Multiplier about one without collars)• Operation• Run with

• Overshots• Spears• Screw in Subs• Coring

Intensifiers/Energizers (Stores Energy)

• Oil Filled to Absorb Impact

• Keeps Impact Downhole

• Reduces Friction

• Helps save on damage to fishing string and rig

• Run with Jars

• Collars

• Operation

Bumper Subs (Increase up and down impacts)

• Two Types

• Lubricated• Deeper wells

• Circulate

• Harsher environments

• Fishing• Generally more shallow wells

• Not as reliable for circulation

• Operation

Junk Catchers (Designed to catch smaller debris)

• Fishing Magnets

• Globehead/Core Baskets

• Reverse Circulation Baskets

• Ditch Magnets

• Rattler Magnets

• Boot Baskets

Cutting Tools (Severs pipe downhole)

• Internal Mechanical

• Internal Hydraulic (In some cases you can cut two strings at once)

• External Mechanical

• External Hydraulic

Repairing Tools (Mainly designed for casing)

• Casing Roller

• Casing Swages

• External Casing Patch

• Internal Casing Patches

Mills

BASIC RUNNING PROCEDURES

• Generally less weight with higher RPM

• The smaller the mill the higher RPM

• The situation will determine type of mill

• Open hole, generally you run carbide OD

• Cased hole, generally you run smooth OD

JUNK MILL

• Designed to mill up loose debris in well

• Jagged

• Cement or Sand with Metal

• Will tend to run higher torque

• Will tend to run more erratic

CONCAVE MILL

• Clean up the top of a fish

• Helps keep fish center to mill fishing neck

• Less likely for mill to walk off pipe

• Smooth OD in cased hole

• Good circulation

FLAT BOTTOM

• Clean the top of a fish

• Mill on packers

• Good circulation

• Dressed smooth for packed cased hole

• Carbide dressed fully across bottom of mill

STRING MILL

• Designed to run in drill string

• Best to run in drill collars

• Open up obstruction in casing or tubing

• Clean up key seat in open hole

• Mill up corrugated internal patch

TAPERED MILL

• Open up collapsed casing or tubing

• Unable to get other mills through obstruction

• May side track well

• Run stinger below mill if possible

• In some cases, run with string mill

DOWN SECTION MILL• Mill casing away in the center of string

• Works off hydraulics through an orifice

• Different style cutters, crushed carbide or inserts

• 5 ½ ” casing or bigger

• Need to have good pump rates

• Be able to handle cuttings at surface

• Try avoid cutting through couplings if possible

• Try to find out if there is any casing hardware

• Open new pay zones

• Plugging operations

• Remove casing for sidetrack

UP SECTION MILL

• Designed to mill through casing

• Once milled through, mill by pulling up on drill

string

• Operates using hydraulics through an orifice

• No cement around section to be milled or

below section

• Plugging of coal seams

PILOT OR LINER MILL

• Mill away casing, tubing, or drill pipe

• Fixed blades with crushed carbide or inserts

• Pilot on bottom to keep mill in pipe

• Pilot can be designed with different lengths

• Mills are designed based on well design

• Need good surface set-up to handle cuttings

• Need to have good circulation to keep hole clean

• Know if there is any casing hardware if possible

UNDERREAMER• Designed to drill bigger hole below a restricted upper hole

• Hydraulic operated by pumping through an orifice

• You can get different cutters on arms

• Clean up skin damage in open hole completions

• Get a better cement job through completion zone if you are running a liner

• May be able to save a well bore by running a liner and still meet the state requirements for a cement job.

• Deepen a well and run a new string of casing in well

HOLE OPENER

• Fixed cutters

• Drill pilot hole first

• Increase hole diameters in steps if preferred

• Different style cutters

• Save on bit costs

• Keep hole straight

• Standard hydraulics using bit jets, no orifice

WASHPIPE AND WASHOVER SHOES

• Free up stuck tubing, casing, drill string, or stuck object

• Alternative to pilot or liner milling

• Unable to jar stuck pipe out of hole

• Unable to release down hole tools such as packers or plugs

• Run with down hole outside cutters

• Run different style shoes based on down hole conditions

• Generally speaking, run less weight and higher RPMs when milling

• Can dress them with Carbide OD or ID or Smooth OD or ID

• Shoes need to have water courses in them for circulation

• May need a good mud program based on hole conditions

TYPES OF WASHOVER SHOES

• Flat Bottom

• Wavy Bottom

• Scallop Bottom

• Cut Tooth

• Drag Tooth

• Cable Shoes

• Pumpkin Eye Shoes

• Dress-off Shoes

WHIPSTOCKS

Reasons to run a Whipstock

• Exit casing to bypass a fish left in the hole

• Bad casing in the hole

• Sidetrack existing wellbore to find new production

• Exit existing wellbore for horizontal

• Potential to have cased hole sump and have a horizontal well bore

• To have two or more legs from same well bore

• Decrease the number of wells to drill but maintain or increase the amount of production

TYPES OF WHIPSTOCKS

• Mechanical bottom set, multi-trip, hinge style

• Mechanical bottom set, multi-trip, stiffback style, with or without retrieval slot

• Mechanical bottom set, single trip, stiffback style, with or without retrieval slot

• Packer style

• Cement style, open hole

• Open hole with packer

• Hydraulic set, single trip

DO YOUR HOMEWORK

• Verify leases and hard lines and the direction you plan on drilling

• Some important questions to ask:• Is casing in good shape to justify doing the work?

• Do any old perforations need to be squeezed off?

• Do you know of any casing hardware in the well and if so where is it?

• Do you know where your casing couplings are located

• Are there any formations that you will be drilling through past the whipstock?

• Will it be an open hole or cased hole completion?

• How many legs are you planning to drill and how are you drilling them?

• Do you need a sump in the well for completion?

• What surface equipment is needed to do operation safely?

• Are you expecting any H2S or CO2 gas?

MULTI-TRIP STIFFBACK WHIPSTOCK

• Mechanical bottom set multi-trip, stiffback with retrieval slot.

• Need solid bottom to shear whipstock

• Most common set in our area are for 5 ½ ” and 7” casing, can set other sizes

• Most economical whipstock to run in our area

• Proven reliable for both running and retrieving them

• MSOT has whipstocks in stock for 4 ½ ”, 5 ½”, and 7” Casing

RUNNING PROCEDURE

• The homework should have all been completed before running

• Verify that everyone involved in your operation is on the same page

• Make sure down hole tools are correct for your operation

• Make sure surface equipment is in place

• Make scraper run, if needed

• Set plug to shear whipstock

• Make Window, Watermelon Mill run to verify depth and drift of casing

• Set weight on plug to verify it will support shear of whipstock

• Make sure everyone is satisfied with depth of plug

• Trip out to run whipstock

RUNNING PROCEDURE CONTINUED• Pick up whipstock, starting mill, and UBHO Sub.

– Make sure concave of whipstock and key of UBHO are lined up.

• Trip slowly – Stop completely.

– No sudden movements, up or down. • Sudden movements could shear bolt attaching whipstock to starting mill

– Slips must be clean and sharp.

RUNNING PROCEDURE CONTINUED

• 15 to 60 feet from bottom start orienting whipstock for direction

• Make sure you have worked all torque out of string and verify direction just above plug

• Shear bottom pin on whipstock, this will release main slip

• At this point you are no longer able to rotate or go down with whipstock

• Shear bolt that attaches starting mill to whipstock

• Pick starting mill up above whipstock and hook up power swivel or kelly

RUNNING PROCEDURE CONTINUED• Start milling

• Make initial cut of casing

• Mill lug off whipstock

• Mill approximately 3 to 4 inches past lug

• Pick up Window and Watermelon Mill

• Mill down face of whipstock and go past bottom of concave 3 to 4 feet

RUNNING PROCEDURE CONTINUED

Out of hole

Gauge mills

Gauged Mills Under Gauged Mills

Proceed with directional tools Make another mill run

RETRIEVAL (OPTIONAL)

• Pick up hook, jars, collars, and energizer

• Go past retrieval slot and pick up slowly• If hook goes in slot, jar whipstock out of hole.

• If you do not fall into slot on first attempt, rotate string ¼ turn and repeat above step

• If whipstock has no retrieving slot or you are unable to get in slot, pick up die collar to retrieve whipstock

• Make sure you go in with jars, collars, and energizers since once you are attached with die collar you no longer are able to get off of whipstock

Peter W. KrauseMid State Oil Tools

office: (812) 853-8088 petek@midstateoiltools.com

cell: (231) 357-1879