african nations gain independence after wwii almost all african nations gained independence from...
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African Nations Gain African Nations Gain IndependenceIndependenceAfter WWII almost all African nations gained independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powersfrom European powers
Africa IndependenceAfrica Independence
DecolonizationDecolonization
GhanaGhana
KenyaKenya
French AfricaFrench Africa
GhanaGhana
The GOLD COAST becomes the first British The GOLD COAST becomes the first British colony to achieve independence in 1957colony to achieve independence in 1957
Kwame Nkrumah organizes the Convention Kwame Nkrumah organizes the Convention People’s Party…leads strikes and protests vs People’s Party…leads strikes and protests vs BritishBritish
Nkrumah jailedNkrumah jailed
British eventually agree to independence in British eventually agree to independence in 19571957
GOLD COAST becomes GHANAGOLD COAST becomes GHANA
KenyaKenya
Conflict between white farmers and Kikuyu Conflict between white farmers and Kikuyu farmers…Kikuyu want their ancient land backfarmers…Kikuyu want their ancient land back
Jomo Kenyatta leads Kikuyu movementJomo Kenyatta leads Kikuyu movement
Kikuyus become violent…form Mau Mau Kikuyus become violent…form Mau Mau violent movement…murder anyone who violent movement…murder anyone who supports white farmerssupports white farmers
British also commit atrocitiesBritish also commit atrocities
Kenya becomes independent in 1963Kenya becomes independent in 1963
Mau MauMau Mau
French AfricaFrench Africa
France treat their colonies differently than France treat their colonies differently than BritainBritain
Allow them to vote whether they want to Allow them to vote whether they want to become part of the French empirebecome part of the French empire
Most vote to join FranceMost vote to join France
Subsequently, France grants independenceSubsequently, France grants independence
Portuguese and Belgian Portuguese and Belgian ColoniesColonies
Very difficult transition to independence…Very difficult transition to independence…they didn’t want to give up their coloniesthey didn’t want to give up their colonies
Belgium withdraws from the Congo in 1960…Belgium withdraws from the Congo in 1960…but Belgian settlers murdered by African but Belgian settlers murdered by African nationalistsnationalists
Portugal holds onto colonies such as Angola, Portugal holds onto colonies such as Angola, Guinea, and Mozambique..bloody civil wars Guinea, and Mozambique..bloody civil wars result.result.
Portugal withdraws in 1974Portugal withdraws in 1974
South Africa and South Africa and ApartheidApartheid
South Africa in the early 1900s run by Dutch South Africa in the early 1900s run by Dutch settlers called Afrikaners. They discriminate settlers called Afrikaners. They discriminate against blacks and “coloreds”against blacks and “coloreds”
Systematic discrimination laws passed called Systematic discrimination laws passed called APARTHEIDAPARTHEID
Four racial groups = white, black, colored, Four racial groups = white, black, colored, AsianAsian
Non whites must carry passbooksNon whites must carry passbooks
Only whites can hold office or voteOnly whites can hold office or vote
South African South African HomelandsHomelands
Blacks required to live in poor areas called Blacks required to live in poor areas called homelandshomelands
Poor farmland….no resources therePoor farmland….no resources there
Black workers forced to migrate to work…Black workers forced to migrate to work…can’t bring their familiescan’t bring their families
South Africa Political South Africa Political ChallengesChallenges
African National Congress formed to protest African National Congress formed to protest apartheid ruleapartheid rule
Nelson Mandela organizes ANC to break Nelson Mandela organizes ANC to break apartheid lawsapartheid laws
Sharpeville Massacre: 1960 police kill 60 Sharpeville Massacre: 1960 police kill 60 peaceful protestspeaceful protests
ANC protestors become violent - Soweto ANC protestors become violent - Soweto Uprising…1976…600 people killed and 4,000 Uprising…1976…600 people killed and 4,000 woundedwounded
MandelaMandela
Mandela jailed for leading protests against government
Democracy in South Democracy in South AfricaAfrica
FW de Klerk becomes president in 1990FW de Klerk becomes president in 1990
Legalizes the ANC and releases Legalizes the ANC and releases Mandela..abolishes homelandsMandela..abolishes homelands
Document Based Document Based QuestionQuestion
Interpret each picture or documentInterpret each picture or document
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