african nations gain independence after wwii almost all african nations gained independence from...

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African Nations African Nations Gain Independence Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers independence from European powers

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Page 1: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

African Nations Gain African Nations Gain IndependenceIndependenceAfter WWII almost all African nations gained independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powersfrom European powers

Page 2: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

Africa IndependenceAfrica Independence

Page 3: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

DecolonizationDecolonization

GhanaGhana

KenyaKenya

French AfricaFrench Africa

Page 4: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

GhanaGhana

The GOLD COAST becomes the first British The GOLD COAST becomes the first British colony to achieve independence in 1957colony to achieve independence in 1957

Kwame Nkrumah organizes the Convention Kwame Nkrumah organizes the Convention People’s Party…leads strikes and protests vs People’s Party…leads strikes and protests vs BritishBritish

Nkrumah jailedNkrumah jailed

British eventually agree to independence in British eventually agree to independence in 19571957

GOLD COAST becomes GHANAGOLD COAST becomes GHANA

Page 5: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers
Page 6: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

KenyaKenya

Conflict between white farmers and Kikuyu Conflict between white farmers and Kikuyu farmers…Kikuyu want their ancient land backfarmers…Kikuyu want their ancient land back

Jomo Kenyatta leads Kikuyu movementJomo Kenyatta leads Kikuyu movement

Kikuyus become violent…form Mau Mau Kikuyus become violent…form Mau Mau violent movement…murder anyone who violent movement…murder anyone who supports white farmerssupports white farmers

British also commit atrocitiesBritish also commit atrocities

Kenya becomes independent in 1963Kenya becomes independent in 1963

Page 7: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

Mau MauMau Mau

Page 8: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

French AfricaFrench Africa

France treat their colonies differently than France treat their colonies differently than BritainBritain

Allow them to vote whether they want to Allow them to vote whether they want to become part of the French empirebecome part of the French empire

Most vote to join FranceMost vote to join France

Subsequently, France grants independenceSubsequently, France grants independence

Page 9: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

Portuguese and Belgian Portuguese and Belgian ColoniesColonies

Very difficult transition to independence…Very difficult transition to independence…they didn’t want to give up their coloniesthey didn’t want to give up their colonies

Belgium withdraws from the Congo in 1960…Belgium withdraws from the Congo in 1960…but Belgian settlers murdered by African but Belgian settlers murdered by African nationalistsnationalists

Portugal holds onto colonies such as Angola, Portugal holds onto colonies such as Angola, Guinea, and Mozambique..bloody civil wars Guinea, and Mozambique..bloody civil wars result.result.

Portugal withdraws in 1974Portugal withdraws in 1974

Page 10: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

South Africa and South Africa and ApartheidApartheid

South Africa in the early 1900s run by Dutch South Africa in the early 1900s run by Dutch settlers called Afrikaners. They discriminate settlers called Afrikaners. They discriminate against blacks and “coloreds”against blacks and “coloreds”

Systematic discrimination laws passed called Systematic discrimination laws passed called APARTHEIDAPARTHEID

Four racial groups = white, black, colored, Four racial groups = white, black, colored, AsianAsian

Non whites must carry passbooksNon whites must carry passbooks

Only whites can hold office or voteOnly whites can hold office or vote

Page 11: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

South African South African HomelandsHomelands

Blacks required to live in poor areas called Blacks required to live in poor areas called homelandshomelands

Poor farmland….no resources therePoor farmland….no resources there

Black workers forced to migrate to work…Black workers forced to migrate to work…can’t bring their familiescan’t bring their families

Page 12: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

South Africa Political South Africa Political ChallengesChallenges

African National Congress formed to protest African National Congress formed to protest apartheid ruleapartheid rule

Nelson Mandela organizes ANC to break Nelson Mandela organizes ANC to break apartheid lawsapartheid laws

Sharpeville Massacre: 1960 police kill 60 Sharpeville Massacre: 1960 police kill 60 peaceful protestspeaceful protests

ANC protestors become violent - Soweto ANC protestors become violent - Soweto Uprising…1976…600 people killed and 4,000 Uprising…1976…600 people killed and 4,000 woundedwounded

Page 13: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

MandelaMandela

Mandela jailed for leading protests against government

Page 14: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

Democracy in South Democracy in South AfricaAfrica

FW de Klerk becomes president in 1990FW de Klerk becomes president in 1990

Legalizes the ANC and releases Legalizes the ANC and releases Mandela..abolishes homelandsMandela..abolishes homelands

Page 15: African Nations Gain Independence After WWII almost all African nations gained independence from European powers

Document Based Document Based QuestionQuestion

Interpret each picture or documentInterpret each picture or document

Write a thesis statementWrite a thesis statement