AFRICA AND AMERICAAFRICA AND AMERICACHAPTER 4.3 AND 4.4CHAPTER 4.3 AND 4.4

Objective: Describe life in Africa Objective: Describe life in Africa and the Americas during the high and the Americas during the high

middle agesmiddle ages

AfricaAfrica

Describe African cultures during the Describe African cultures during the middle ages.middle ages. Make sure to think about the different areas Make sure to think about the different areas

and their achievements or beliefs in areas and their achievements or beliefs in areas such as: religion, agriculture, architecture, such as: religion, agriculture, architecture, literature, trade networks, and science and literature, trade networks, and science and technology.technology.

Describe African cultures in a general Describe African cultures in a general manner.manner.

AFRICA – AFRICA – GHANA A.D. 200GHANA A.D. 200 –A.D. –A.D. 10001000

BECAME ONE OF THE BECAME ONE OF THE RICHEST CIVILIZATIONS IN RICHEST CIVILIZATIONS IN AFRICA DUE TO TRADING AFRICA DUE TO TRADING GOLD AND SALTGOLD AND SALT

MUSLIM TRADERS FROM MUSLIM TRADERS FROM NORTH AFRICA TRADED NORTH AFRICA TRADED CLOTH, METAL WARE, CLOTH, METAL WARE, SWORDS, AND SALTSWORDS, AND SALT

ISLAMIC IDEAS WERE ISLAMIC IDEAS WERE BROUGHT IN WITH THE BROUGHT IN WITH THE GOLD AND SALT TRADEGOLD AND SALT TRADE

GHANA GHANA DECLINEDDECLINED TOWARDS THE END OF TOWARDS THE END OF 1000 A.D. DUE TO ATTACKS 1000 A.D. DUE TO ATTACKS BY MUSLIM GROUPSBY MUSLIM GROUPS

AFRICA – AFRICA – MALI A.D. 1235MALI A.D. 1235 BY THE LATE A.D. 1200S MALI’S BY THE LATE A.D. 1200S MALI’S

TERRITROY INCLUDED THE OLD TERRITROY INCLUDED THE OLD KINGDOM OF GHANAKINGDOM OF GHANA

MALI’S MALI’S GREATEST KING WAS GREATEST KING WAS MANSA MUSA—HE OPENED UP MANSA MUSA—HE OPENED UP TRADE AND PROTECTED TRADE AND PROTECTED CARAVANS WITH A POWERFUL CARAVANS WITH A POWERFUL ARMY.ARMY.

MUSA ALSO MUSA ALSO INTRODUCED INTRODUCED ISLAMIC CULTURE TO MALIISLAMIC CULTURE TO MALI..

MUSA MADE A MUSA MADE A PILGRIMAGE TO PILGRIMAGE TO MAKKAH IN AD 1324 AND MAKKAH IN AD 1324 AND BROUGHT BACK A SPANISH BROUGHT BACK A SPANISH ARCHITECT TO BUILD GREAT ARCHITECT TO BUILD GREAT MOSQUES IN THE CAPITAL OF MOSQUES IN THE CAPITAL OF TIMBUKTU.TIMBUKTU.

ISLAM CONTRIBUTED TO THE ISLAM CONTRIBUTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING.ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING.

EAST AFRICAEAST AFRICA

The interior of Africa- The interior of Africa- ivory, ivory, gold, iron, and rhinoceros gold, iron, and rhinoceros horn to trade with Indian horn to trade with Indian cotton and silk and Chinese cotton and silk and Chinese porcelain.porcelain.

Blending of culturesBlending of cultures -many -many converted to Islam, many converted to Islam, many began speaking Swahili, a began speaking Swahili, a Bantu language, and many Bantu language, and many developed Arabic form of developed Arabic form of writing.writing.

Central and Central and Southern Southern

AfricaAfrica Mined gold and Mined gold and coppercopper

TradedTraded with Eastern with Eastern Africa for ivory and Africa for ivory and mineralsminerals

Europeans soon Europeans soon arrived to trade for arrived to trade for gold, copper, and gold, copper, and ivory—first ivory—first encouraged and encouraged and then discouragedthen discouraged..

AfricaAfrica

Describe African cultures during the Describe African cultures during the middle ages.middle ages. Make sure to think about the different areas Make sure to think about the different areas

and their achievements or beliefs in areas and their achievements or beliefs in areas such as: religion, agriculture, architecture, such as: religion, agriculture, architecture, literature, trade networks, and science and literature, trade networks, and science and technology.technology.

Describe African cultures in a general Describe African cultures in a general manner.manner.

AmericasAmericas

Describe the lifestyles of people living in Describe the lifestyles of people living in the Americas during the middle ages.the Americas during the middle ages. Make sure to focus on their advancements.Make sure to focus on their advancements. Housing, beliefs, etc.Housing, beliefs, etc.

AMERICAS-North AMERICAS-North AmericaAmerica

From From A.D. 1000 to A.D. A.D. 1000 to A.D. 1500, the population of the 1500, the population of the Americas increased as Americas increased as food supplies improved.food supplies improved.

Around Around 30 million to 100 30 million to 100 million Native Americanmillion Native American groups belonging to 2, 000 groups belonging to 2, 000 different groups were different groups were inhabiting the two inhabiting the two continents of North and continents of North and South America.South America.

About About 15 to 20 million lived 15 to 20 million lived in present day U.S. and in present day U.S. and Canada.Canada.

NORTH AMERICANORTH AMERICA

Style of housing depended on area of living. Style of housing depended on area of living. Pit Pit houses in the Arctic, Adobe in the South West, tepees houses in the Arctic, Adobe in the South West, tepees in Great Plains area, long houses in the Northeastin Great Plains area, long houses in the Northeast..

Food- Food- fish near water ways, buffalo in great plains fish near water ways, buffalo in great plains area, variety of game, berries, wild onions, etc.area, variety of game, berries, wild onions, etc.

ClothingClothing- hide from skins- hide from skins Native Americans made use of every part of the Native Americans made use of every part of the

animals they killed; ate the meat, wore the skins, used animals they killed; ate the meat, wore the skins, used the the bones as utensils or bowlsbones as utensils or bowls, , made tools out of made tools out of bones and antlers, etc.bones and antlers, etc.

AZTEC-A.D. 1200-declined in 1521AZTEC-A.D. 1200-declined in 1521 Migrated from the north Migrated from the north

into central Mexico.into central Mexico. Capital-Tenochtitlan- today Capital-Tenochtitlan- today

it is called Mexico Cityit is called Mexico City.. A A great agricultural center great agricultural center and marketplace.and marketplace.

Built white stone Built white stone pyramids, pyramids, temples, and plazas, ball temples, and plazas, ball courts, and arsenals.courts, and arsenals.

Organized as a hierarchy. Organized as a hierarchy. Four classes-nobility, Four classes-nobility, commoners, serfs, and commoners, serfs, and slaves.slaves.

Borrowed religious ideas Borrowed religious ideas from the Mayans.from the Mayans.

INCA AROUND A.D. INCA AROUND A.D. 12001200

Inca settled in CuzcoInca settled in Cuzco, and the empire , and the empire eventually included all of present day eventually included all of present day Peru, much of Chile, and parts of Peru, much of Chile, and parts of Ecuador, Bolivia, and Argentina.Ecuador, Bolivia, and Argentina.

Strong central governmentStrong central government to control to control large area: military posts, tribute large area: military posts, tribute collections, and local work regulations.collections, and local work regulations.

Established imperial languageEstablished imperial language to bind to bind people together.people together.

Emperor owned all land and regulated Emperor owned all land and regulated growing and distribution of foodsgrowing and distribution of foods..

AccomplishmentsAccomplishments-roads and -roads and suspension bridgessuspension bridges

Believed in many gods and made Believed in many gods and made human and animal sacrifices.human and animal sacrifices.

Inca Empire declined after the arrival of Inca Empire declined after the arrival of the Spanish in 1531the Spanish in 1531..

AmericasAmericas

Describe the lifestyles of people living in Describe the lifestyles of people living in the Americas during the middle ages.the Americas during the middle ages. Make sure to focus on their advancements.Make sure to focus on their advancements. Housing, beliefs, etc.Housing, beliefs, etc.