afreco youth summit 2016
TRANSCRIPT
Association of African Economic and Development-AFRECO SUMMIT | 2016
Managing African Urban Risks for Sustainable Development
Mebeelo Kafungwa
United Nations University Student
1December, 11, 2016 @Sofia University
World Population Trends
Share of African Urban Population Living in Slums by Country
Source: UN world population prospects: The 2015 revision provided by United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), 2016
Asia55%
Africa9%
Europe22%
Latin America and the Caribbean(LAC)
7%Northern America
7%Oceania
1%
Year 1950Total: 2,526 billion
Asia60%Afr
ica16%
Europe10%
Latin America and the Carib-
bean(LAC) 9%
Northern America5%
Oceania1%
Year 2016Total: 7,433 billion
Asia54%
Africa25%
Eu-rope
7%
Latin
Amer-ica and the Car-ibbean(LAC) 8%
Northern America4%
Oceania1%
year 2050Total: 9.726 billion
Asia44%
Africa39%
Europe6%
Latin Amer-ica and
the Carib-bean(L
AC) 6%
Northern America4%
Oceania1%
year 2100Total: 11,214 billion
Asia58%
Africa20%
Europe9%
Latin America and the Carib-
bean(LAC) 8%
Northern America5%
Oceania1%
Year 2030total: 8,500 billion
Population estimates (1950–2016) and projected population (2017–2100) by world region, according to the medium fertility scenario
Africa's Transition Scenarios of Rural and Urban Population(millions)
6
Urban Risks to Opportunity, How?Urban Infrastructure and Utility Services in urban slums and cities are key to help create the economies of scale that will draw people and enterprises. But How?
Over CrowdingInformal
HousingLack of Access to
Water Sanitation and
Hygiene
Insecure Tenure
Poor Drainage and
Solid Waste
Management
Inefficient Public Financing
and Taxation
Information Technology,
Communication and Mobility
Poor Health Services
High Energy Demand
Unsustainable Agriculture methods
City Growth Strategic Sustainable Plan
Translates into Economic Development via Building Climate Resilient Infrastructure
Simultaneously Meeting National Targets of 17 UN-SDGs by 2030
Zambia Outlook- 40% Living in Urban Areas(UN Zambia, 2016)Health and Water Sanitation Hygiene Challenges-8.3 % of 2016 National Budget is HealthCare
1. No access to essential drugs vaccines and supplies2.Malnutrition3.Poor social determinants of health
1.Poor hygiene2.Lack clean water and proper sanitation3.Indoor air pollution mostly women and girls4.Poor Drainage and Solid Waste Management
1.High costs of certain treatments or prevention methods
2.Pesticides and fertilizers3.Poor nutrition4.Lifestyle and diets5.Cultural and religious beliefs
1.No easy access to health clinics 2.Not enough health workers3.Climate variability and change4.Service disparities-rural & urban5.Poor physical infrastructure Malaria, Sleeping
Sickness, elephantiasis, helminthiasis,
haemorrhage, obstetric fistula
Diabetes mellitus, Cancer,
cardiovascular, Chronic respiratory
diseases. Mental illness, Depression,
spinal injuries
HIV/AIDS, STIs, Stunting,
diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), tetanus, measles
Tuberculosis Cholera
Diarrhoea- Waterborne
Bilharzia
Suggested Innovative Solutions to Zambian Health and Hygiene Challenges
- GRZ Health Financing is through general tax and budget support, with no designated revenue stream.
- The Zambian Govt understands urban risks. Constantly committed and investing more each year in Health Sector with 8.3 % percent allocated in 2016 budget.
Breakdown of Health Sector Allocation
Access to WASH services (JMP, 2012):(ZSHP, 2016)– Drinking water coverage: 63% (49% rural and 85% urban)– Sanitation coverage: 43% (34% rural and 56% urban)
Government of Zambia Commitments to Managing Urban Risks in Health-WASH
Constantly Collaborating with NGOs and the International Donor Community via
respective GRZ ministry for Targeted research for Cancer, HIV-AIDS,
Tuberculosis, Malaria, WASH etc.Mother to Child Transmission
Awareness Programmes are been established in all parts of the nation
The ART programme that has 300,000 people on free medication in the
country;
The Dialysis Centre Zambia created at UTH-providing
training to countries in the region;
The private nursing schools in all provincial HQ are been opened
and private medical school (Apex University)
650 health posts under construction
Drainages being made along-side the new roads (L400 and C400) and Link Zambia 8000
projects, to help with sanitation in cities.
Finalizing the 7th National Development Plan 2017-2021 (NDP),… provide
“practical implementation strategies” for the government’s goals to achieve
economic transformation through an “integrated approach” that links key
sectors such as Health and WASH
National Vision 2030
Government Programs:National Health
Strategic plan 2011-2015
National training operational plan
National social health care scheme
National Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Program
An independent regulator, National Water Supply and
Sanitation Council (NAWASCO)
District Water, Sanitation and Health Education Committees
(DWASHE)
Examples of Solutions to GRZ can Absorb into the Health & WASH Zambian Sectors
Hippo Water Roller-is a drum that can be
rolled on the ground, easier to carry 20kg of
water-Uganda
iCow app- harnessing power of mobile phones for milk
production prevent inbreeding and diseases- Kenya
THE CARDIOPAD- A computer tablet
diagnoses heart disease in rural
households- Cameroon
ETHANOL COOKING OIL PLANT- local cassava into cooking fuel preventing respiratory problems for
women- Mozambique
THE TUTU VAN – mobile screening for
tuberculosis (TB) and HIV into a general
health check-up- South Africa
ORANGE SWEET POTATO-Breeding it to contain betacarotene, to help in
the fight against childhood blindness.-Uganda
Source: African innovations transform continent, 2012 14
The Youth the Future Leaders lets be open
minded and act out hope!
How? Lets perceive current African challenges as opportunities not risks
to run away from and hide.
We came to Learn and Hence we are already Part
of the Solution.
Sustainable African Societies by 2030 and beyond