aes sonel kribi resettlement action plan...aes sonel kribi resettlement action plan report december...

AES Sonel

Kribi Resettlement Action Plan

Report December 2007

Prepared for:

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Kribi Power Project . ISOMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line . Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final R e ~ o r t

Table of Contents

1 Introduction ..................................................................................... 6 I 1 Background to the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.2 1-errns of Kzferwce for the FIftP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

I I' Objectives of Assiqr-rnent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 . . . . . . . . 1 4 Scope of Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

1.5 Str~lcture of Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 2

2 Legal Framework .......................................................................... 13 2 1 Introduction & Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 Cameroon Legislative Frarnetvork 13

2.3 Cameroon Legislation . Standards and Guidelines relating to Kesett!~ment . !4

2 4 Land Titling and Registration Laws afid Policies in Cameroorl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ^ 4

2 5 Legai and Adrniriistratlve Procedures Appiicable to :i?e Process o!

Resettlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 Administrative Author~ties 19

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 !n:ernat~ona Norms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 .

2.8 Comparisori of Cameroonian Go\~ernmerlt arid liVorid 8ank Policy c ! ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resettlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

r r . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 Entitlement Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ir

3 Socio-Economic Assessment Methodology .............................. 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Introduct~on .......... 33

3.2 Survey Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? 6.

3.3 Survey Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4 Socio-Economic Baseline ............................................................ 39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 General Socio-Econcrnic Profile of The Project Area 39

4 2 Specific Socio-Economic Profile of the PAPS ~r : Edea and Kribi Subdl\~ision 04

5 Socio-Economic lmpacts & Respective Mitigation Measures .. 69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 Project Impacts 69

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 Impact Overview & Mitigation Measures 7<! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 .4 Entitlemefit Matrix 76

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 Project Att~tudes 8 Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 Perceived Project Benefits 87

......................................................................... 6 Budget and Costs 88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 .1 Compensat~on Framework . . . . . . . 88

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 Financial Responsibility and Authority 89 6 3 Corrlpensation Rudy et . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.A Physical Displacement 90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 Eco~omic Displacerrient 92

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 Inflatton arid Currzr~cy Variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1

5 7 External Monitoring ar;a Eval~~aticn 34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Scott Mlson December 200 7

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Kribi Power Project - 150hiW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

5 E Total Comperlsation Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . 95

7 Institutions and Implementation Arrangements ........................ 96 -7 r intrx?uctior; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 06 .? ,.; i (.7rganizatior1al Urlits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

' . 3 Ovel-view ot lrnpiementing Orgarlisations . .. . , . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 -7 ,I

i. :, Pdanage!r:er;t Inforrnat~on System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . , ' I 38 ; i, i ,., Cc;rr.irnuniiy Part!cipat~on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 108 7 0 o C a ~ a c ~ t y St~ildrng.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 .- -. ; :. 'Vijlnerable Feople . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. . . ....... . . . ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 , ?> ir, In7plernentatior1 Scheaule . . . . . ... . . . . . . . ... . .... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1

i> ?';!?:lo:i.torin;] at13 Evaiuat:cn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 112 : <:

8 References .... .............................................................................. 1 16

9 Appendix ..................................................................................... 1 18 ('1 <.. :A.~:.>endix A: Pk!ot3~ av;l iL43pe. . . . . , . . . , . , . . . , . . ... , . . . . . . . . . . . . :1 113 ,. ,-'' :? .L A;?r?end!x B: The Scic-crion Prc?cess . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . .... . . . . . ...., . . 1 ? 9

" 3 -. 7 Apzi:nd~;f C: Addiiional Sccio-Economic characteristics of Project Area .... 121

!J A Apr;cr;dix D. h)c?finition of categories in cpen-ended questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 .~ ,- 2 2 Ap5c;ndix E: hle!hodolo~y used for Compensation i2alculalions . . . . . . . , . . . . . 1 SO

9 E Appendix F. Databse of affected people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . .... . . . . ? 31

i; 7 iii:.:pc+r;cljx C;: FocLis grc;ip transcr~yjt.;. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : 32 is Q ,\ppe~;dix 1-1. Q;iss:i,2cr;aire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

c; f > ,d -, :?r:;'cdix I . l'eims cf Referent.? tor the RAP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Scott Wilson December 200 7

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Kribi Power Project . 150MW Gas Plant and 22SkV Transmission Line . Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

List of Tables

Table 2.3.1 : Relevant Cameroonian Legislation ...................................................... 14 Table 2.7.1. World Bank and IFC Social Safeguard Policies ................................... 21 Table 2.7-2: International Social Development Agreements relevant to Cameroon 22

Table 2.8-1 Comparison between Cameroonian and OP 4.12 Resettlement Plan

Outlines ..................................................................................................................... 24

Table 4.2.1 - Gender Distribution in Project area ..................................................... 44 Table 4.2.2 - Sex of head of household in the Project Area ..................................... 45 Table 4.2.3. Location of household residence since the year 2000 .......................... 48

Table 5.3.1 -Category of affected assets ................................................................. 70 Table 5.3.2 -Types of Losses from Land Acquisition ................................................ 75

Table 5.4.1 - Entitlement Matrix for Direct Project Impacts ...................................... 76

Table 6.4.1 : Relocation Assistance Costs .............................................................. 92

Table 6.8-1 . Total estimated costs for compensation and associated relocation . . .

ac t~v~t~es .................................................................................................................. 95

Table 9.2.1 ESD - Number of Affected Households per Village ............................. 119

............................. Table 9.2.2 KSD . Number of Affected Households per Village 119

Table 9.2-3 ESD - Number of Affected Households per Village selected for the

Socio-Economic Survey .......................................................................................... 120

Scon W k o n December 2007

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Kribi Power Project . 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transm;ssion Line . Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

List of Graphs

............................................................... Graph 4.2.1 - Ethnicity in the Project Area 46

...................................................................... Graph 4.2.2. Existing mother tongues 47

Graph 4.2-3 - Education Level per Subdivision .......................................... . . . . . . . . . 48 ......................................... Graph 4.24 - Diseases occurring in the last three years 51

.................................................................... Graph 4.2.5 - Main Place of Treatment 52 .......................... Graph 4.2.6 - Main Occupation in the Edea and Kribi Subdivision 53

................. Graph 4.2.7 - Secondary Occupation in the Edea and Kribi Subdivision 54 ............................. Graph 4.2.8 - Rearing of Animals in Edea and Kribi Subdivision 58

Graph 4.2-9 - Average Monthly Income Level of Head of Household per Edea and

Kribi Subdivision ........... .............................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Graph 4.2-10 - Percentage of Respondents in the Project Area with wealth assets 60

Graph 4.2-1 1 - Wealth Assets per Subdivision .................................................... 60 .......................... . Graph 4.2.12 - Sources of Household Water per Subdivisions .. 63

Graph 4.2-13 - Source of Fuel to Cook per Subdivision 64 ..................................... Graph 4.2.14 - Source of Fuel for Lighting per Subdivision 64

Graph 4.2.1 5 - Expenditure on Household Resource in the ESD ............................ 67 ............................ Graph 4.2.16 -Expenditure on Household Resources in the KSD 68

Graph 5.5.1 - New Location After Resettlement ...................................... . . . . . . . . . . . 82 ................................... Graph 5.5.2 - Reasons given for the location chosen above 83

Graph 5.5-3 - Main concerns regarding the project 83 Graph 5.6-1 - Project Benefits ........................................................................... 87


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Kribi Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission L~ne - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Abbreviations

CEC DlPA DIRPECH DFl's DSCN ECAM l ECAM II ESD ESlA FA0 I FC INS KSD MlNEFl MINPAT NGO PAP

RAP UNDP ROW TOR SEB SW

Compensation Evaluation Commission Direction of animal production Direction of Fisheries in Cameroon Development Finance Institutions National Direction of Statistics and Accounting in Cameroon

First National Household Survey - Cameroon

Second National Household Survey - Cameroon Ed6a Subdivision

Environmental and Social Impact Assessment

United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization

International Finance Corporation

National Institute of Statistics

Kribi Subdivision

Ministry of Economy and Finance in Cameroon Ministry of Planning and Development in Cameroon Non Governmental Organizations

Project Affected People

Resettlement Action Plan United Nations Development Program

Right of Way

Terms of Reference Socio-Economic Baseline

Scott Wilson

Scon Wilson December ZOO 7

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Kribi Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

1 Introduction

2,'l Background to the Project

1.1 .I The majority of electricity generated in Cameroon comes from hydroelectric

power stations. In 2006 Cameroon had installed electricity-generating capacity of 935 MW, of which about 80% was hydroelectric and 20% was

conventional thermal'. According to the Cameroon's Ministry of Finance's

Report of 2002, 46% of households have access to electricity of which 26%

are AES SONEL subscribers and 20% are fed illegally2. Due to existing frequent droughts, this access to electricity is often jeopardised by regular

power cuts.

1 . I .2 In order to increase energy supply and reduce the current shortages, AES

SONEL, the national power utility, has planned to invest more than $500

million between 2005 and 2009 to improve Cameroon's electrical

infrastructure.

1.1.3 It is under this investment umbrella that the development of the Kribi Power

Project is proposed as Cameroon's natural gas fired plant.

1.1.4 The Kribi Power Project comprises the construction of a 150 MW power plant fuelled with natural gas that will be located approximately 9 km north-east of

Kribi in the South Province and the erection of a I 0 0 km 225 kV transmission

line between this proposed plant and the existing Mangombe 225190 kV

substation at Edea in the Littoral province. In addition, there will be a new

step up substation at the new plant site (1 1 kV to 225 kV) and a new 225 kV

bay for connection at the Mangombe substation3.

1.1.5 'The project will be fuelled with gas from the Sanaga Sud gas field located approximately 14km offshore north west of Kribi.

' "Country Analysis Briefs -Chad and Cameroon" 2007. www.eia.doe.gov "'Conditions de vie des populations et profil de pauvrete au Cameroun en 2001 - Rapport Principal de I'ECAM 2 - AoGt 2002 ))

Scott Wilson "Environmental Impact Assessment Report for the Kribi Power Project, Cameroon" 2007

Scott Wilson December 2007

Page 6


1.1.6 The transmission line will be approximately 100 km in length with a 30 metre wide corridor with 15 metres from either side of the main axis of the

transmission line. This 30 metre wide corridor is called the right of way

(ROW).

1.1.7 The transmission line will go through the Littoral Province (35 km) and the

South Province (65 km). In the Littoral Province, the transmission line will

pass through 11 villages namely Apouh (APO), Koukoue (KOU), Beon (BEO),

Nlonamioh (NLO), Mbanda (MBA) Malimba Farm (MALF), Ekitel, 2, & 3, (EKI 1, 2 & 3) Ekite Pilote (EKIP) and Malimba Urbain (MALU). In the South

Province it will go through 15 villages namely Mpolongwe2 (MP02),

Bebambwe 1, 2 (BEB1 &2), Ebea (EBE), Fifindal & 2 (FIF1 & 2), Londji2

(LON2), Bipaga 1 & 2 (BIP1 & 2) Pama (PAM), Bivouba (BIV), Mbebe (MBE),

Elogbatindi (ELO), Dehane (DEH), and Bonguen (BON).

1.1.8 The 150 MW Power Plant will be located in Mpolongwe 2 within an area of

approximately 16ha.

1 . I .9 This project will be financed by the DFls and will therefore follow World Bank

and International Financial Corporation (IFC) guidelines and standards. In this context, the Kribi Power project was classed in the ESIA as a Category A

project under the World Bank OP4.01. This classification states that the

project will entail some economic or physical displacement as well as land

acquisition.

1.1.10 Due to the sensitive nature of economic and/or physical displacement and in

order to mitigate the impacts on the affected community's livelihood, the

project studied alternative plant and transmission line sites well as alternative

sources of fuel and gas. The conclusion of the study was that a gas-fired power plant located at Kribi with natural gas supplied from Sanaga Sud was

the least costly option with the least impact on the community's livelihoods.

1.1 . I 1 More in depth information regarding the degree of economic and physical

displacement of the project was identified during the Environmental and

Social Impact Assessment (ESIA). This was further complemented by the information obtained during the full land and property census undertaken in

May to June 2006 by the Compensation Commission. This Commission was established by the Kribi and Ed6a Senior Divisional Officers as specified by the Public Utility Decree signed by the Minister of State Property and Land Tenure for the Project.

Scoti Wlson December 200 7

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Kribr Power Project - ISOMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

1.1.12 The Compensation commission of each Province was headed by a President

and supported by a Secretary as illustrated below:

The Senior Divisional Officer of the Department (or its representative) - acting as the President of the Commission

The Departmental head of Service in charge of State Property - acting

as the Secretary of the Commission

With the following members:

The Departmental Head of Service of Cadastre

The Departmental Head of Service in charge of Urbanism and

Housing The Departmental Head of Service in charge of Mines and Energy

The Departmental Head of Service in charge of Agriculture

The Departmental Head of Service in charge of Routes

A Representative of AES SONEL

Concerned Deputies Parliamentarian Concerned municipal magistrates (mayors) Relevant traditional authorities (village chiefs)

1 . I . 13 The Compensation Commission concluded that approximately 680

households would be affected, albeit to different degrees. In other words the

same household could have had their crops, land or house affected or a

combination of these.

1.1.14 As a result of the households affected by the construction and operation of

the project a resettlement action plan is required. According to World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.12), any project, which displaces andlor adversely affects more than 200 people, is obliged to produce a full Resettlement Action

Plan (RAP). AES SONEL requested Scott Wilson to undertake a

Resettlement Action Plan in full accordance with World Bank (OP 4.12) and

International Finance Cooperation (IFC) guidelines (PS 5).

"1.2 Terms of Reference for the RAP

1.2.1 The terms of reference (TOR) for the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) were based on the World Bank's Operational Policy on Involuntary Resettlement OP4.12 and a copy is provided in Appendix 9.9. The OP4.12 requires impacts to be assessed and addressed that are caused by:

a) The involuntary taking of land resulting in:

Scott Wilson December ZOO7

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Kribi Power Project - 150MW Gas PIant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Reallocation or loss of shelter;

Loss of assets or access to assets; or

Loss of income sources or means of livelihood, whether or not

the affected persons must move to another location;

b) The involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of the

displaced persons.

1.2.2 The RAP is thus the required tool proposed to address and implement mitigation of the impacts of resettlement. In summary, the RAP includes

measures to ensure that the displaced persons are:

(i) Informed about their options and rights pertaining to resettlement; (ii) Consulted on, offered choices among, and provided with

technically and economically feasible resettlement alternatives;

and

(iii) Provided with prompt and effective compensation at full

replacement cost for losses of assets attributable directly to the

project.

(iv) Assisted in restoring or improving their livelihoods and standards

of living in real terms relative to pre-displacement levels.

(v) The RAP also provides an opportunity to identify development

options for the affected community such as employment and health etc.

1.2.3 As such, the scope of the study as dictated by the TOR includes but is not

limited to:

(vi) Detailed socio-economic sample survey of 250 affected

households;

(vii) Detailed RAP for all affected properties; and (viii) Independent valuation of the project affected household

belongings and properties for assessment of compensation;

1.2.4 In addition, the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ("ESIA", dated

October 2006) for the power plant and transmission line stated that the World Bank's OP 4.10 on lndigenous Peoples applied to the project but did not provide further information about the lndigenous People affected or the nature

of the impact. The Cameroon Government's Minister of Environment and


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Kribi Power Project - 150MWGas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Protection of Nature noted this during the ESIA's assessment and the

concern was passed onto the World Bank.

1.2.5 As a result, the World Bank and IFC have asked AES SONEL to prepare a

community and lndigenous Peoples Plan ("CIPP") as part of the overall Kribi

power generation project to meet the requirements of Operational Policy ("OP") 4.10 and Performance Standard ("PS") 7, respectively, by addressing

the avoidance and mitigation of project impacts on lndigenous Peoples.

1.2.6 Furthermore, and as acknowledged in the request made by the World Bank to

AES SONEL, the Resettlement Action Plan ("RAP") is being developed to

address the direct impacts of land acquisition with respect to physical

displacement and loss of crop lands from the Right of Way of the

transmission line and Plant Site as required by the World Bank's OP 4.12 and

the IFC's PS 5. As such, neither of these circumstances directly impact on

the indigenous groups and therefore the impacts that the RAP will address

are separate from those to be considered by the CDP and vice versa. AES SONEL thus requested Scott Wilson to present a separate Socio-Economic

Baseline study of these indigenous groups, which is presented in Appendix A

of this RAP.

-I .3 Objectives of Assignment

1.3.1 The overall objective of the RAP is to identify detailed management and

mitigation measures to which AES SONEL will commit for addressing

involuntary displacement impacts caused by the construction and operational phases of the project. It also provides a framework and work plan for the

implementation of resettlement and compensation for affected people.

a .4 Scope of Work

1.4.1 In order to achieve the objectives set out above in Section 1.3, Scott Wilson

has undertaken the following activities:

1.4.2 Held consultative meetings with AES SONEL and relevant staff, with various

relevant government institutions such as the provincial government,

departments of agriculture, public works and forestry, as well as relevant NGO's working in the affected area and other relevant institutions such as the "The Voice of the Farmer" and the National Institute of Cartography.


Page 10


1.4.3 Reviewed Cameroonian legislation on resettlement and compensation, and

relevant existing and pending resettlement/compensation policies or

practices. In addition, the relevant social safeguard policies of the World Bank

have been reviewed.

1.4.4 With AES SONEL's assistance, Scott Wilson has gathered and reviewed all

existing relevant documentation such as in house maps of the affected area, in house databases of the affected households, including the ESlA for the

Kribi Power Project undertaken by Scott Wilson in 2006 and the work completed by the Compensation Commission. In addition, external

documents relevant to Cameroon such as the Compensation Plan for Limbe,

the compensation plan for the Chad Export Project and the Chad-Cameroon

Pipeline EIA, were also taken into account.

1.4.5 A detailed socio-economic survey was undertaken of samples of the affected

population, ensuring that the different categories and groups of people were

represented (including the Kola indigenous ethnic group). More detailed information on the sampling methodology used and the results are presented in Chapters Two and Three of this report.

1.4.6 The purpose of this Socio-Economic Baseline (SEB) survey was to provide

information against which the impact of project and the implementation of the

RAP can be evaluated. As such, very detailed information on people's assets,

incomes, distances to key places and cultural or religious sites was gathered.

The main tasks of this SEB survey were to:

(i) Cross check the available information gathered during the census

of the divisional commissions in order to confirm the accuracy of

the data collected (namely the list of Project Affected People (PAPs) and their properties);

(ii) Establish Baseline Information (quantitativelqualitative) on affected

households including spouses, childrenldependantslrelatives,

health, land, religions, and economic and social data (sources of

income and livelihood);

(iii) Determine impact (quantitativelqualitative) of the project on the

family unit, health, land, and economic situation;

(iv) Assess impacts of losses incurred on both the affected households

and individuals, and identify accompanying or bonification measures for compensating affected communities orland socially vulnerable households

(v) Question the PAPs individually and record their preferred means of

compensation (money or in-kind).


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Kribi Power Project - ljOMW Gas Plan! and 22jkV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

1.4.7 Prepared a full Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) based on the validated

census information on the affected crops, land and properties including an

entitlement matrix and a proposed implementation plan for the management

of resettlement actions. In addition, include a monitoring and evaluation plan including monitoring indicators and baseline information to assess the

successful implementation of the RAP

1.4.8 Validated the methodology and rates used by the Compensation Commission for calculating the compensation for the affected buildings and

crops. The Independent Evaluator will analyse the rates used and propose a

fair market value for each crop (depending on its maturity) and each property (land, house) for compensation purposes.

I .5 Structure of Report

1.5.1 This Resettlement Action Plan for the Kribi Power Project comprises the following Chapters:

2. Legal Framework

3. Socio-Economic Assessment Methodology

4. Results: Socio-Economic Baseline

5. Discussion of the Socio-Economic Impacts and Respective

Mitigation Measures

6. Budget and Costs

7. Institutions and Implementing Arrangements

8. References

9. Appendices

Scon Wilson December 200 7

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Kribi Power Projecl- 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

2 Legal Framework

2.1 Introduction & Background

2.1.1 In line with World Bank Operational Directive OP. 4.12 on Involuntary

Resettlement, the International Finance Corporation (IFC) Handbook for

Preparing a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) and the PS5: Land Acquisition

and Involuntary Resettlement this section of the Kribi Power Project RAP

presents a policy, legal and administrative framework with:

A summary of the relevant Cameroonian Laws and customs that relate to resettlement;

An outline of the land titling and registration laws and policies in

Cameroon;

A description of the legal and administrative procedures applicable to the

process of resettlement including, administrative agencies responsible for

resettlement, land valuation, compensation and grievance redress

mechanisms;

A summary of the relevant international social agreements to which the

country is a party; and The identification of gaps between Cameroonian laws and World Bank

Group Policies, and describes project specific mechanisms to address these gaps.

2.2 Cameroon Legislative Framework

2.2.1 The Cameroonian hierarchy of norms comprises the Constitution,

International Treaties and Agreements, Primary Legislation, Secondary

Legislation, Decisions and Contracts. The legal framework in Cameroon is made up of legislative and regulatory instruments:

Legislative instruments are made up of Laws; and

Regulatory Instruments are composed of Decrees and Rules.

2.2.2 Laws are prepared by Sectoral Ministries and forwarded to the national assembly. During working sessions, these are adopted by members of parliament and later on enacted by the head of state.

2.2.3 The application of all legislative and regulatory instruments is compulsory for

all citizens and project promoters. These instruments are therefore provided

Scoll WiLFon December 200 7

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Kribi Power Project - l5OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

with sanctions for defaulters, which vary from prison sentences to fines,

dependent on the gravity of the fault.

2.3 Cameroon Legislation, Standards and Guidelines relating to

Resettlement

2.3.1 The relevant Cameroonian legislation relating to resettlement and land

requisition is outlined in Table 2.3-1 below.

Table 2.3-1: Relevant Cameroonian Legislation

Land Ordinance No. 74-1 of 6 July 1974 to establish rules governing land tenure - relating to Private and Public Property, National Lands.

Ordinance No. 74-2 dated 6 July 1974 - relating to the status of the public domain in Cameroon (the "Land Code").

Decree No. 76-166 dated 27 April 1976-relating to the management of the national domain (the "National Domain Decree");

Decree No. 76-167 dated 27 April 1976- relating to the management of the private domain (the "Private Domain Decree").

Compulsory Acquisition

Law no 85/009 of 4 July 1985 - Compulsory Acquisition of a Public Utility Decree (PUD) and payment of compensation for the Environment.

Ministerial Order No 01 3 W . 14.4/MINDAF/D220 and 01371Y.14.4/MINDAF/D220 of 26'h August 2005 - Declaring Public Utility for the Construction of the Kribi Gas fired power plant and the 225KV Transmission line from Kribi to Edea respectively.

Decree No. 8711872 of lW12/1987 implementing Law No. 8519 of 4/07/85 on expropriation for public utility purposes, Ministry of Town Planning and Housing - Relating to set up of the evaluation committee, public notification and public inquiry.

Valuation

Cultural Heritage

- - - - - - -

Decree No 200W3023 of 29/12/2006- Fixing the modes of Administrative Evaluation of The buildings in Fiscal Matters

Arrete No 009/MlNDIC/DPMPC Du 01/03/2004 - relating to the fixation of prices and tariffs for material, furntiture works and other services relating to Public Administration.

Decree No 2003/418 of 25/02/2003 - relating to the compensation payments I for crops destroyed by the construction of public utilities.

Law No 91/008 of 30 July 1991 - The protection of cultural and national heritage. This law identifies the procedures for protection of sites and materials of cultural and national heritage. It applies to cultural sites that may be found along the projected line corridor.

2.4 Land Titling and Registration Laws and Policies in Cameroon

2.4.1 Ordinance No. 74-1 of 6 July 1974 to establish rules governing land tenure - This law relates to rules governing land tenure. It categorises land into the following:

Scotl Wilson December 2007

Page 14


• Private Property - land that is held by private persons or entities in possession of a certificate of occupancy (the terms and

conditions of issuance to be determined by decree);

• Private Property of the State and other Public Bodies - includes personal and real property acquired by the State or public

body either without consideration or for a value consideration

according to the rules of expropriation for public utility and common law;

• National Lands - land that is not classed as public or private

property su b-divided into two categories • Lands occupied with houses

• Lands free of any effective occupation;

2.4.2 National Lands are administered by the state and allocated to customary

communities provided they are of Cameroonian nationality, peacefully

occupying or using the land. As such customary communities can apply for

land certificates in line with the provisions of the law.

• Public Property - comprises all personal or real property set apart

for either direct use by the public or for public services. Public

property is subdivided into two categories • Natural public property - Coastland waterways, subsoil

and air space • Artificial public property - roads, railways,

telecommunications, ports, national monuments, and

traditional concessions (chiefdoms)

2.4.3 Public property of the state is inalienable, imprescriptibly and non-attachable.

Land occupation or land use rights may be granted by the administrators of such lands as temporary or revocable rights.

2.5 Legal and Administrative Procedures Applicable to t h e Process of Resettlement

2.5.1 Compulsory Acquisition: Law No. 851009 of 410711985 on expropriation for purposes of public utility, Ministry of Town Planning and Housing (MINUH)

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Kribi Power Project - 150hfW Gas Plan1 and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

2.5.2 The above law relates to the expropriation of land for public use and the

modalities of compensation. As such the law defines that in order to achieve

the objectives of general interest, the Government may resort to expropriation

for public utility purposes (Article 1 Law No. 851009). The Kribi Gas fired

power plant and the 225KV Transmission line from Kribi to Edea has been declared as a public utility by public utility decrees (Ministerial

order no. 0001 36N14.4/MINDAF/D220 of

26/08/2005 and Decision No. 0001 37N14.4/MINDAF/D220 of 26/08/2005)

and is as such subject to Law No 851009.

2.5.3 In relation to compensation the law defines that expropriation (Article 3)

involving the transfer of property and land titles to the state, shall be subject to prior compensation in cash or kind in most cases. However, in certain

cases the beneficiary of expropriation may, prior to effective compensation, occupy the premises upon publication of an expropriation decree (after a six

month notice14.

2.5.4 The mechanisms for compensation defined within this law relating to serviced

and non-serviced land (Article 9) specify that;

Compensation for non-serviced land acquired under customary law that enabled the holder to obtain a title, will be no more than the

minimum official rate for non-serviced state-owned land situated in

the area the land title was issued.

Compensation for land (Private Land) acquired by normal legal transaction, shall be equal to the purchase price including costs

incurred in the transaction.

According to the Law No. 851009 of 4/07/1985 on expropriation for purposes of public utility, in case of emergencies the beneficiary of expropriation may, prior to effective compensation, occupy the premises upon publication of an expropriation decree after a three-month notice.


Page 16


2.5.5 In terms of compensation for crops (Article 10) the value of crops will be determined in line with Decree No. 20031418 and its additional clauses as determined by the established observation and evaluation committee set up

in line with the public utility decrees. In terms of compensation for housing

and materials, values are determined by Arrete No 009/MINDIC/DPMPC of 01/03/2004 relating to the fixation of prices for materials, furniture and other

works and services for Public Administration. This arrete sets compensation

values for materials that will be removed by the public utility, but does not

take into consideration market value of the building based on its location and

access to amenities.

Ministerial Order No 0136N. 14.4/MINDAF/D220 and 0137/Y.14.4/MINDAF/D220 of 26th August 2005

2.5.6 The two Public Utility Decrees declare the Kribi Gas fired power plant and the

225KV Transmission line from Kribi to Edka as public utilities. As such the

decrees identify the exact location of the gas plant and transmission line,

establish the ascertaining and assessment commission, define the scope of

works for the commission and the contents of the survey report to be

produced and submitted to Ministry of State Property and Land Tenure.

2.5.7 The mandate of the commission is to;

Delimit the concerned lands

Erect signboards defining the perimeter of the project

Ascertain rights, affected goods, owners and titled land

Commit, if necessary, a three-member technical sub commission to

evaluate crops and other valuable goods on the affected lands

2.5.8 The survey undertaken by the commission should include;

A survey report signed by all the members.

A bordering report and concerned lands plan showing the available

land titles, the lands in the process of obtaining titles, plots of public

property and the lands of state private property;

The various state of constructions, crops and other valuable goods

found in the different plots signed by the technical sub-commission

members and countersigned by the commission members; The rectification plans and reports of lands bordering or partly

affected lands with a land title or that are in the process of obtaining titles;

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Kribr Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

The copies and lands titles to be partially or entirely expropriated

and the files of those that are in the process of obtaining titles.

2.5.9 Decree No. 87/1872 of 16/12/1987 implementing Law No. 85/009 of 4/07/85 on expropriation for public utility purposes, Ministry of Town Planning and Housing

2.5.10 This law defines the makeup of various committees that are set up to ensure

that the affected populations participate in all inquiries. The law outlines that

(Articles 6,10 and 11) populations involved are informed within 30 days before

the date and time of any consultation via the notification of Chiefs and Elders.

The law defines that any inquiry must be undertaken in its entirety in the

presence of the owners of the property or assets in question.

2.5.1 1 Valuation

2.5.12 Decree No 20031418 of the 25th February 2003 defines the entitlement values

for crops and trees to be removed or destroyed by a public utility. The decree

defines values for leguminous plants, cereals, fruit trees, commercial crops

(cocoa, sugar cane, etc), citrus trees and medicinal plants. The decree

defines in some cases the value of an adult tree and a young tree (the

definitions of which are not specified). The methodology utilised to define

these values is omitted from Decree No 2003141 8.

2.5.13 Arete No 009lMINDIClDPMPC of the 1" March 2004 defines entitlement

values for materials to be removed or destroyed by a public utility but does

not take into consideration market value of the building based on its location

and access to amenities. .

2.5.14 Decree No 200613023 of 2911212006 relating to Fixing the modes of

Administrative Evaluation of buildings in Fiscal Matters includes methods for

the evaluation of housing and buildings for tax purposes taking into account

market values (December 2006) based on geographical location, buildings

and materials, access to services, construction materials used and location in relation to amenities. This decree is not yet in force but has been utilised in

the RAP as a more accurate tool for evaluating possible building values for the RAP budget.


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Kribi Power Project - l5OMWGas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

2.5.15 Grievance and Dispute Resolution: In terms of redress in case of dispute

over the amount of compensation (Section Ill, Article 12 of Law No 851009)

the law defines that;

The expropriated party should lodge its complaint with the Ministry

in charge of Lands.

If the request is not satisfied the expropriated party shall refer the matter to the appropriate court within the area within one month of

the date of notification of the disputed decision. The court will then confirm, reduce or increase the amount of

compensation in accordance with the evaluation terms laid down in

this law and its implementing instruments.

Under Section IV, Article 14 of Law No 851009, any case pending

ruling, or subject to dispute, and any other real actions shall neither

halt the expropriation process nor prevent its effects.

2.6 Adrninistrative Authorities

2.6.1 The main administrative authorities that are responsible for resettlement are the:

Ministry of State Property and Land Tenure - Responsible for

reviewing the survey report undertaken by the Ascertaining and

Evaluation Commission and initial pre-judicial grievance redress

Local Courts - responsible for judicial grievance redress; and Ascertaining and Evaluation Commission - Responsible for

undertaking survey report in line with the Public Utility Decrees.

2.6.2 Common Practice in Cameroon

2.6.2.1 Past similar projects undertaken by AES SONEL in Cameroon such as the Limbe Power Project that have required involuntary resettlement and compensation indicate that PAPS prefer to obtain monetary compensation rather than replacement land and housing.

2.7 International Norms

2.7.1 Where appropriate for the RAP study, due reference is made to international standards in order to establish a regulatory framework for the RAP, which is

in line with local and international requirements.

Scott Wlfson December 2007

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Kribl Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

2.7.2 In addition to satisfying the requirements of Cameroonian legislation, it is

acknowledged that AES SONEL envisage financial support from the DFls.

Consequently this report has been prepared with reference to the World Bank

and International Finance Corporation (IFC) guidance.

2.7.3 The IFC, which is the private sector arm of The World Bank, is the largest

multilateral source of loan and equity financing for private sector projects in

developing countries. The IFC has various policy and procedural

requirements designed to ensure that the projects in which it invests are implemented in an environmentally and socially responsible manner.

2.7.4 The following IFC documents and policies which have been referred to in the

preparation of this RAP include:

lFCs Handbook for Preparing a Resettlement Action Plan lFCs 1998 Procedure for Environmental and Social Review

Projects;

lFCs Policy on Social and Environmental Sustainability (30 April

2006); lFCs Performance Standards on Social and Environmental

Sustainability (30 April 2006); and

lFCs Policy on Disclosure of Information (30 April 2006).

Scoti Wilson December 200 7

Page 20


2.7.5 Table 2.7-1 below outlines the IFCs's Performance Standards and World

Bank Safeguard Policies applicable to this RAP.

I Table 2.7-1 : World Bank and IFC Social Safeguard Policies 1 Title

PSI : Social and environmental involved in elaborating an effective assessment and social and environmental management

Relevance

Applicable, especially with regards to the grievance mechanisms to receive and address specific concerns.

PS2 Labour and Working Conditions

PS5: Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement

Describes policy that restates principles of the current Forced Labor 8 Harmful Child Labor Policy through the prevention of unacceptable forms of labor, the promotion of fair treatment of workers and the assurance of a safe and health working environment and promotion of worker health

Describes policy and procedures involved for resettlement. Provides guidance on definitions, required approach, benefit eligibility, resettlement planning and instruments

Applicable, especially with regards to working conditions of the PAPS in the project.

Applicable, as the project will require resettlement both at the plant site and along the way leave of the transmission line

Applicable, as the project will require resettlement both at the plant site and along the way leave of the transmission line.

OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement

Describes policy and procedures involved for resettlement. Provides guidance on definitions, required approach, benefit eligibility, resettlement ~lannina and instruments.


Page 21

OP 4.10

OP 4.11

PS7 Indigenous People

Describes policy that ensures that the development process fully respects the dignity, human rights, economies, and cultures of Indigenous Peoples.

Describes policy that addresses physical cultural resources, which are defined as movable or immovable objects, sites, structures, groups of structures, and natural features and landscapes that have archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other cultural significance.

Provides guidance to ensure indigenous peoples benefit from

Not Applicable for the RAP as the direct impact on the indigenous people is very low. Applicable for the Community and lndigenous Peoples Plan

Applicable as the project will require resettlement of places of worship such as churches and will affect tombs and graves through the reallocation of houses.

Not Applicable for the RAP as the direct impact on the

development projects and avoid or indigenous people is very low. Applicable for the Community and lndigenous Peoples Plan.

P

PS Cultural Heritage

through the reallocation of

Source: www.ifc.org, May 2006

Policy guidance on sites having archaeological, paleontological, historical, religious and unique natural values.

- Applicable as the project will require resettlement of places of worship such as churches and will affect tombs and graves

Kribi Power Project - I5OhfW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmrssion Line - Canzeroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

2.7.6 lnternational Protocols, Agreements and Treaties: In line with OP4.12, Table

2.7-2 identifies the lnternational Social Protocols, Agreements and Treaties to

which Cameroon is a party.

Natural and Cultural Heritage

Nature and Natural Resources

Table 2.7: lnternational Environmental Agreements relevant t o RAP in Cameroon

Convention on Protection of Natural and Cultural Heritage Ratified 1982

Cameroon Status

Party to.

Party to

Issue

Endangered Species

African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Objective is to ensure the conservation, utilisation and development of soil, water, flora and faunal resources in accordance with scientific principles and with due regard to the best interests of the people (Algiers, 1968)

Convention and Objective

Convention on the lnternational Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) Objective: to protect certain endangered species from overexploitation by means of an imporVexport permits (Opened for signature: 3 March 1973, in force: 1 July 1975)

Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals

Ratified 29 September 1978

I Table 2.7-2: International Social Development Agreements relevant t o Cameroon 1 I I Issue 1 Convention and Obiective 1 status I

Women's Rights

Rights of Children

United Nations Convention on the elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979 'For the purposes of the present Convention, the term "discrimination against women" shall mean any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.'

United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989. This outlines children's civil, political and basic human rights and includes their right to education and to end child labour and other forms of economic and or sexual exploitation.

Ratified, 23 August 1994

Ratified, C I January Igg3

Torture

2 3 Comparison of Cameroonian Government and World Bank

Policy on Resettlement

The Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (1984) Objective to achieve the abolition of torture and ill treatment worldwide

2.8.1 The legislative requirements for compensation for involuntary resettlement in Cameroon are in general far less comprehensive than the objectives, measures and instruments contained within the World Bank

Acceded, 19 December 1986


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Kribi Power Project - l5OMW Gas Plant and 225kY Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Involuntary Resettlement Policy, OPlBO 4.12 and IFC Performance Standard

5 (IFC PS5) -Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement. The key tenets of the WB's OP 4.12 covered in part or full by current Cameroonian law

include:

Requirements to pay compensation in advance where land is

expropriated for public use (Law No. 851009);

Requirements to compensate for losses to productive assets and crops (Rule no 13-MINAGRIIDAG);

Requirements to inform and involve local communities and affected

persons;

Requirements to undertake a mapping and census survey exercise

to establish the rights, assets, land owners and tenure of displaced

people; and

Provision for prejudicial avenues for resolution of disputes and

rights of appeal.

2.8.2 The OP 4.12 and IFC PS5 obligations of the borrower or sponsor that extend

beyond those required under Cameroonian law are:

Extent of compensation and types of assistance offered

Categories of people eligible for compensation

Income restoration and assistance to displaced persons with their

efforts to improve their livelihoods and standards of living

The extent of resettlement planning and procedural requirements

Implementation of sustainable development programs to enable

project affected persons to share the benefit of the project.

Compensation based on the full replacement cost of lost assets

based on full market values and assistance to help improve

affected peoples standard of living

Ensuring that affected people are given security of tenure to their

new property.


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Kribr Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmrssion Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

2.8.3 Table 2.8-1 below is illustrating the gaps between Cameroonian Legislation and OP 4.12 in terms of the criteria to be included within a RAP.

E b l e y 8 - 1 Cbmparison between Cameroonian and OP 4.12 Resettlement Plan Outlines

~escription of the Project INA i OP 4.12 Resettlement Plan (Annex A, OP 4.12)

l~valuation of potential Impacts INA 1

Survey report (as defined by Cameroonian Legislation,

(occupants l ~ i ~ h t s affected goods, owners and titled land

-

Objectives of the Resettlement Program

Socio-economic Studies

Census Survey

\characteristics of displaced households valuate crops and valuable goods on affected land

N A

N A

Census survey

l ~ a ~ n i t u d e of expected loss lcopies of land titles

/lnforrnation on Vulnerable groups 1 and tenure Social interaction Public infrastructure Social and cultural characteristics of affected communities

~ e g a l Framework INA 1 institutional framework NA 1

(~nvironmental Protection and Management

Resettlement measures

Site Selection, preparation and relocation

Plans to Provide housing, infrastructure and social services

community Participation I

N A

N A

NA

Communities and all affected persons to be informed through public inquiry. 1

organizational responsibilities 1

Integration with host Communities

Grievance Procedures

/implementation Schedule I

N A

Formal Grievance and dis~ute mechanisms are in dace1

(costs and Budget 1 Monitoring and Evaluation N A

2.8.4 Measures required to ensure compliance with OP 4.12 will include:

Undertaking a full RAP in line with OP4.12

Where the tenets of OP 4.12 are partially covered by Cameroonian Legislation, such as public consultation, grievance redress and census surveying, AES SONEL will use both Cameroonian legislation and OP 4.12 as a framework for the full development of the RAP.


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Kribi Power Proj'ecr - l5OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

2.8.5 Public Consultation and Participation: OP 4.12 specifies that project affected

people should be informed about their options and rights pertaining to

resettlement and '...consulted on, offered choices among, and provided with technically and economically feasible resettlement alternatives' (Clause 6(i),

(11)). Additionally, the IFC has published guidelines for private sector developers on public consultation and disclosure.

2.8.6 A formal mechanism for public consultation is defined in Cameroonian

legislation (Law No 85/9), which defines that committees should be set up and every affected person informed of the project and the requirements for

resettlement. There are however no requirements for informing affected

people of their options and rights pertaining to resettlement. In order to ensure compliance with OP 4.12 this should be undertaken in addition to the

consultations outlined in the Cameroonian legislation.

2.9 Entitlement Framework

2.9.1 Introduction

2.9.2 The objective of the resettlement action plan is to avoid or minimize, to the extent possible, the hardships and impoverishment that the project may

cause, and to mitigate any adverse impacts at the household and community

levels. These objectives are detailed and made more specific in terms of the

principles and guidelines to be followed for adoption of an entitlement

framework and the planning and implementation of rehabilitation activities.

2.9.3 The RAP makes reference to the effort made to reduce project impacts

mainly through the analysis of alternative ROW considered in the Kribi ESIA

(Scott Wilson 2007). Where displacement is unavoidable the objective is to

ensure that sufficient resources are allocated to enable PAPs to regain and ideally improve their pre-project living standards through:

Adequate and appropriate compensation for private and community

assets; Resettlement and entitlement measures to enable PAPs to relocate homes or businesses; and Compensation against loss of income.


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Krrb~ Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

2.9.4 Principles

2.9.5 The following represents a list of principles that form the basis for development of this RAP and will be used in the implementation of the

compensation process:

2.9.6 We will explore all possible means to ensure that impact on people by project activities is minimised. Specifically we will ensure that:

PAPs are consulted for compensation planning and throughout the

implementation phase;

PAPs are informed about their rights and options pertaining to

compensation, relocation and about grievance mechanisms available to

them;

Identification of PAPs takes place as per agreed eligibility criteria set out

in the RAP;

Lack of legal rights to land and assets occupied or used does not

preclude a PAP from entitlement to compensation and relocation

measures;

Compensation, relocation and rehabilitation measures are as fair as possible to all parties concerned and also minimise the long-term liability

of AES SONEL;

Project work does not commence on affected sites until PAPs have been

fully compensated andlor relocated.

2.9.7 Definition of PAP and Eligibility for Compensation and Rehabilitation

2.9.8 Under Section 14 of IFC PS 5, displaced persons who are entitled to compensation include persons:

(i) who have formal rights to the land they occupy;

(ii) who do not have formal legal rights to land, but have a claim to land that is recognizable under national laws (See section 2.9.5)or


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Kribi Power Projecl- I5OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

(iii) who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land they occupy (including any new arrivals who occupy the land prior to the cut-off

date)

2.9.9 For Physically Displaced persons (i.e. persons who are required to move away from their land as a result of the project) AES SONEL will offer choices

among feasible options including adequate replacement housing (if in

categories (i) or (ii) this property will be of equal or higher value) or

compensation at full replacement cost and will provide physically displaced

people with relocation assistance.

2.9.10 For Economically Displaced People (i.e. land acquired for the project resulting

in loss of income regardless of whether or not physical displacement is

required) AES SONEL will promptly compensate for loss of assets at full

replacement cost as well as costs of re-establishing commercial activities

affected by the project. In addition AES SONEL will provide replacement

property of equal or greater value to displaced people with legal rights to their

land.

2.9.1 1 Economically displaced people without legally recognizable claims to the land

will be provided with compensation for lost assets other than land at full

replacement cost.

2.9.12 Cut-off Date

2.9.1 3 Cut-off dates determine eligibility of persons and their assets. Therefore, they

represent the actual da4e that the affected assets and infrastructure at a particular site were recorded during the census survey. Assets like land,

structures and others, which are created, encroached or acquired by individuals or groups, after the cut off dates, will not be eligible for

compensation.

2.9.14 The cut off date for the purpose of this RAP was agreed by AES SONEL as

being the 21'' and 22" February 2006 which are the dates the public

information and consultation process was publicly launched respectively by

the Kribi and Edea SDOs, followed by information meetings organised through each affected village following a schedule handed to each village

chief for publication.


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Kribr Power Project - 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

2.9.1 5 Entitlements

2.9.16 Loss of Land

2.9.17 In line with the National Law No. 851009 of 4/07/1985, (Article 9)

Compensation for non-serviced land acquired under customary law5 that

enabled the holder to obtain a title, will be no more than the minimum official

rate for non-serviced state-owned land6 situated in the area the land title was

issued and compensation for land (Private Land) acquired by normal legal transaction, shall be equal to the purchase price including costs incurred in

the transaction. This means that if a person within a community purchases a land from another member of the community instead of from the state and

that, the land is currently not being serviced by the state (with no water

treatment or sewage for example), and it gets a land title for that land

afterwards (through the normal land titling procedures), compensation will be

given (as the person has a land title) but at the official rate for non serviced

state owned land (not at the cost of purchase).

2.9.18 This means that Compensation for bare non-serviced lands shall be carried

out under the following terms:

When it involved land acquired under customary law that enabled the holder to obtain a land title, the compensation shall not be more than the minimum official rate for non-serviced state-owned land situated in the area for which the land title was issued.

When it involves land acquired via a normal legal transaction or the acquisition of state-owned land, the compensation shall be equal to the purchase price, including the costs incurred in the transaction.

2.9.19 As such, only when the PAP does not have a land title or proof of a legal transaction in obtaining the land that he does not receive any compensation

for the land itself. Only what is on the land (e.g. crops, trees and buildings).

2.9.20 For this RAP, any displaced person that has either full, formal rights to the

land they occupy, or have a claim to the land that is recognizable under the

national laws, will be provided with replacement property of equal or greater

value with security of tenure or cash compensation at full replacement cost of the land and resettlement allowances.

2.9.21 Any displaced person that have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land they occupy will be offered a choice of options for adequate housing with

Customary law is generally derived from custom, meaning long-established practices that have acquired the force of law by common adoption or acquiescence

The state is not providing any services for this land such as water treatment and sewage


Page 28


security of tenure and, if they own structures and buildings, compensation at

full replacement cost as well as resettlement assistance where appropriate.

Any persons who encroach on the land after the cut off date will not be

entitled to any compensation.

2.9.22 In line with OP 4.12 preference will be given to land based resettlement

strategies based upon land for which a combination of productive potential, location advantages and other factors is at least equivalent to the advantages

of the land taken. Where land based options are not feasible, non-land based options built around opportunities for employment should be provided in

addition to cash compensation.

2.9.23 Loss of Income

2.9.24 Small Business Activities

2.9.25 Cameroonian legislation is silent on compensation for small business activities or trading along the ROW of the project. Any businesses situated along the ROW are likely to suffer disruption and loss of income during

resettlement.

2.9.26 In line with the principles of OP 4.12 (to ensure PAPS are not made any

worse off as a result of the project) any person owning a small business that

will lose of income or sources of income as a result of the project will be provided with options of full replacement cost for businesses and loss of

income, and with alternative locations situated in areas where infrastructure,

and public services are provided as necessary, to improve, restore and

maintain adequate levels of service for both displaced persons and their host communities.

2.9.27 Crops

2.9.28 Decree No 20031418 of the 25Ih February 2003 defines the entitlement values for crops and trees to be removed or destroyed by a public utility (See Section 2 - Legal Framework). During the survey of crops affected by the proposed

project undertaken by the Compensation Evaluation Committee (CEC), Decree No 20031418 was used to evaluate total compensation values for PAP'S.

2.9.29 Decree No20031418 defines prices for crops based on values established by the Prime Minister in 2003. The Decree does not indicate the methodology used for arriving at these values and as such it is assumed that these prices

Scon Wilson December ZOO7

Page 29


were obtained based upon market conditions during the 2002 farming

season.

2.9.30 In order for compensation values for crops to be in line with OP4.12 due consideration will be given to ensuring PAPs are compensated for lost

potential revenue from any agricultural activities. The values will reflect up to

date market prices. PAP will be provided with the full replacement cost of a

particular crop using the assumption that for (i) temporary crops it will take 1

year for PAPs to be fully resettled and producing them to the same level prior

to resettlement and (ii) for permanent crops such as trees, that the full time

duration of growth until it reaches the production years will be compensated.

This will vary according to each type of tree.

2.9.31 All crop owners will be given time to harvest crops prior to resettlement and

will be provided with compensation based on the full replacement cost of

crops.

2.9.32 Buildings

2.9.33 The Compensation Evaluation Committee (CEC) have valued residential

houses, small shops and associated structures during the Compensation

census. The valuation of various structures thus obtained form the basis for

determining the amount of compensation offered to PAPs, who will have the

opportunity of reconstruction on alternative land either in the vicinity or away

from the site according to their preferences. Many PAPs may also use this as

an opportunity for upgrading or expanding in comparison to their old

structures.

2.9.34 As PAPs will be relocated at short distances from the project sites, they may

continue to have access to social and public services and facilities that they

currently use, which exist outside the ROW. This applies to water supplies,

schools, health services, shops, transport services and other community services, such as religious groups.

2.9.35 As the distances involved will be very small in most cases, impacts normally

associated with relocation (such as breaking of community ties and impact on access to infrastructure and amenities) can be prevented. The close proximity of alternative land and sites should significantly reduce the impact of moving and is likely to have minimal permanent effect on the economic' and social status of the people affected.


Page 30


2.9.36 Community Structures

2.9.37 Cash compensation will be provided for reconstruction of affected structures.

CEC have valued all structures, which forms the basis for alternative structures.

2.9.38 Community structures will be relocated in the vicinity of current locations, to

ensure that the existing users can continue to access the services. In

reconstruction works, preference should to be given to local labour in order to

give PAPS and other local people the opportunity to benefit from wages for their labour. The construction teams will work in close co-operation to ensure

that the replacement structures are in accordance with the preferences of the

local communities.

2.9.39 Graves

2.9.40 AES SONEL will ensure that due sensitivity is given to the location of any

graves along the ROW. Consultation with affected people will be undertaken

prior to construction and a program for graves developed which will ensure

that local customs are respected and at the very least access to these graves

are respected. No direct construction works are undertaken on any of the

graves along the ROW.

2.9.41 Construction Works

2.9.42 Construction activities may also cause some additional temporary or

permanent damage to land and assets that cannot be identified or quantified during RAP preparation. An example might be construction of access roads

resulting in the destruction of crops. Thus, wherever possible, the

construction teamlcontractor will repair the damage to the satisfaction of the

affected person. Affected persons with a claim should be required to

complete a compensation claim form and submit it to the Grievance Officer.

AES SONEL in conjunction with the construction teamfcontractor will then negotiate the required compensation measures with the sufferer, which may

include repairing the damage or payment of compensation in cash or kind.

Payment of compensation should be made promptly.

2.9.43 In order to minimise any additional damage from the construction activities, the contractorslconstruction team will be contractually obliged to incur any


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Kribi Power Project - 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Canieroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

costs related to payments (with AES SONEL's assistance in the negotiations)

of additional compensation.

2.9.44 Other Measures

2.9.45 In order to address the impacts of resettlement in line with OP 4.12 (Article 6,

OP 4.12) displaced people will be

Informed of their options and rights pertaining to resettlement;

Offered support after displacement; and

Provided with development assistance.

2.9.46 The framework of OP 4.12 (Article 8, OP 4.12) includes arrangements for

vulnerable groups such as the landless, elderly, women and children as well

as indigenous peoples, the provisions of which are not covered under Cameroonian legislation. For this RAP

A review of the census carried out by the CEC was undertaken to

further identify vulnerable or indigenous peoples, and a framework developed for the resettlement of those groups.

2.9.47 The timing of compensation and resettlement is clearly defined in OP 4.12

(Articlel6, OP 4.12) that compensation and prior assistance will be awarded

prior to relocation, and the resettlement sites should have adequate facilities

where required.

2.9.48 An Entitlement Matrix has been developed for the RAP and is summarised in

Table 5.4-1 in Section 5.4.


Page 32


3 Socio-Economic Assessment Methodology

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 To better understand the socio-economic baseline and potential impacts of the project, a detailed review was undertaken of two surveys that had already been conducted for the project.

3.1.2 The first survey was undertaken as part of the ESlA process and included

basic demographic and social information for 50 households. The ESlA

survey was carried out to assess the main impacts of the project and was a

key factor in identifying the need for a RAP. The results of this survey allowed Scott Wilson to construct the questionnaire used for the RAP in order to better

reflect the reality of the location.

3.1.3 Once the need for resettlement was established, AES supervised a full

census to enumerate the affected people, namely the compensation census.

This second census was undertaken by the Compensation Commission and

included a full survey of all the assets that were affected for each household

that was going to be affected or displaced. All the affected households were

given codes according to their affected assets (1.e. crops (CO), Buildings (BO)

and Land (LO)) and were mapped by AES SONEL. This survey thus provided

the exact number of households affected and displaced as well as a complete

detailed listing of buildings and crops. This information was provided to Scott Wilson for the development of the RAP.

3.1.4 In accordance with the World Bank and IFC requirements for a RAP a detailed sample socio- economic survey was conducted to obtain qualitative

and quantitative data on the livelihoods, health and education, daily routines

as well as preferenceslperceptions and attitudes of the affected communities, in order to determine the current standard of living of the affected people. This

specific survey will thus serve as a baseline from which to measure the true socio-economic impact of the project in the future. For ease of reference we

have named this last survey the socio-economic baseline (SEB) survey.

3.1.5 In addition to the PAP, the SEB survey was also extended to include the existing neighbouring indigenous communities such as groups formerly

known as 'Pygmies'. The objective of expanding this survey to these vulnerable communities was to understand their current relationship with the


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Kribi Power Pro~ect - 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

affected communities so any potential impacts could be predicted and

mitigated, as necessary.

3.1.6 Still under the ambit of vulnerable groups, focus groups were held specifically for the households that were going to have their houses andlor graves affected. The main objective of these focus groups was to gather the groups'

main concerns regarding the relocation process, their needs and preferences.

3 2 Survey Approach

3.2.1 This draft RAP is being prepared in accordance with the standards and

procedures of the Government of Cameroon, environmental policy relevant to

involuntary resettlement and the WB, OP 4.12.

3.2.2 In order to be consistent with the WB's Disclosure Policy, the RAP will need

to be disclosed prior to appraisal. Disclosure will take place in Cameroon, as

well as the WB lnfo shop. In short AES SONEL will disclose the document in

country and forward a letter to the Bank authorising the latter to disclose the

document to the WB lnfo shop.

3.3 Survey Methods

A. Selection of Sample Households for the Socio-Economic Baseline (SEB)

Survev

3.3.1 The criteria for the eligibility of PAPS or households and displaced people is

dependent upon the location of assets in relation to the areas of direct land

take for the project. These areas have been confirmed according to the

distance from the main axis of the proposed power line. For the power line

any asset that falls within the 15 metre wide corridor either side of the main axis of the power line is considered to be affected and will be displaced. This

corridor, of a total of 30 metres in width and 100 km in length, is called the

Right of Way (ROW). For the Plant site, an area of 16 hectares has been

allowed. These areas are shown in the Photos and Maps section in Appendix

9.1.

3.3.2 The compensation census conducted by the Compensation Commission illustrated that 680 affected households fell under the area of land take for the ROW and plant site. In order to conduct a statistically significant socio- economic survey (i.e. within a 95% confidence level), Scott Wilson chose a


Page 34


sample size of 250 households, which represents approximately 36% of

affected people.

3.3.3 During the first field visit (May, 2007), the team of Scott Wilson consultants

reviewed the database of affected assets prepared from the Compensation Survey and provided by AES SONEL. Scott Wilson further developed this by

linking it with the ESlA survey in order to avoid duplication of households as

well as to enable the identification of the exact number of affected

households, independently of affected assets. This latter database was thus the basis for the random selection of the 250 households used for the SEB

survey.

3.3.4 The 680 households were grouped into their respective villages and

according to their category of affected assets. As such, the households were

divided into:

Households with land title Households with Land title and Crops

Households with Land title and House

Households with Land title, Crops and House Households with no Land title but have Crops

Households with no Land title but have House Households with no Land title, but have Crops and House

3.3.5 Consequently, the 250 households were distributed into their respective

village and by the above categories. A random selection of the 250

households per village and by category was then conducted. More detail of

the selection process is given in Appendix B.

3.3.6 Prior to the SEB survey, the chiefs of each village were informed in person by

the Consultants of the time and date that the team planned to visit the village

as well as of the names of the households that the team intended to survey.

3.3.7 For the indigenous groups, such as the Kola, that were outside the ROW but

were neighbours of the affected communities and would be indirectly affected

by the project, the SEB survey team first identified which villages they were located in. Information was then gathered from the respective village chief, which established the number of existing households in each village as it was planned to conduct interviews for 50% of the existing households.

3.3.8 In total the Kola are located among 4 villages in the South Province (Bipaga 1, Bonguen, Elogbatindi and Bivouba) and according to the traditional leaders


Page 35


of each village, there is an estimated total of 30 households. The survey team

conducted the SEB survey for 18 households (60%) of the estimated 30.

3.3.9 The SEB survey team comprised an experienced team leader, two senior surveyors and three junior surveyors. The SEB survey was undertaken

between the loth May and the 1'' June 2007. It was undertaken using an

extensive socio-economic questionnaire (see Appendix 9.8) that covered

several areas of the household's daily life, leisure time, education and health of the household, livelihood assets, income, main activities, religion, cultural

aspects, and others (see Figure 2 in Appendix 9.1)

B. SEB Survey instruments

3.3.10 The RAP study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods through

questionnaires, focus groups and semi-structured interviews.

3.3.1 1 Both the questionnaire and the focus groups with semi-structured interviews were developed in collaboration with the local consultancy team. The

questionnaire was adapted to fit the local context of the South and Littoral

Province and pre-tested on the 9th May for any errors and

misunderstandings. AES SONEL also assisted in the development of the

semi-structured interviews.

3.3.12 During the compensation census, 77 households in the project area were

identified as having one of their buildings destroyed orland tombs affected. Of

these 77 households, 71 households require their main house to be resettled

orland their tomb affected. As the main house provides protection to the

family unit7 and is considered to be the main physical asset, these

households were assume to be more vulnerable to the project and were therefore given additional assessment through the creation of focus groups.

3.3.13 Consequently, 14 focus groups ranging from 3 to 10 people were conducted

as well as semi-structured interviews with groups of two or more individuals.

Both the semi-structured interviews and focus groups had the aim of

capturing the main concerns, frustrations and needs of these people. Teams

of two people, of which one was the mediator and the other a note taker, conducted the focus groups.

' The main house is where basic key activities such as eating and sleeping are conducted by the family unit.

Scoll Wilson December ZOO7


3.3.14 The SEB survey's team was divided into three groups, namely groups A, B

and C. Each group was composed of one senior and one junior surveyor.

C. Data Analvsis

3.3.15 The data was inputted into an Excel database and transferred onto a

statistical analysis package - SNAP - where it was crosschecked for errors.

3.3.16 The data was analysed mainly using frequencies as well as cross tabulation.

The analysis was done by province not only due to the existing different

socio-economic characteristics of each Province but also their different

political and financial autonomy.

Scon WiLFon December 2007

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Kribi Power Project - l5OMW Gas Planr and 225kV Transmissron Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Reoort

Methodology & Quality Control of SEE Survev

3.3.17 During the socio-economic baseline survey, there were several quality control stages as described below and illustrated in Figure 3.3-1

below.

Figure 3.3-1-Stages of Socio-Economic Baseline Survey and respective quality control undertaken


Page 38


4 Socio-Economic Baseline

4.1 General Socio-Economic Profile of The Project Area

Introduction

4.1.1 The project extends over two Provinces, the South Province and the Littoral Province. Both of these Provinces have certain climate, topography, soil types

and land use similarities, however they also differ greatly mainly in their resource endowment and socio-economic activities. This section will look at

the general socio-economic profile of both of these provinces separately.

4.1.2 This will be followed by the next section that will look at the socio-economic

characteristics of the project affected people in more detail. This will again be

dealt separately by Province.

Littoral Province - General Socio-Economic Profile of Littoral Province and Project Area

4.1.3 The Littoral province has a total surface area of 20,220km2, accounting for

4.35% of the total surface area of Cameroon. It is comprised of four divisions: Nkam (31.1% of the province area), Sanaga-Maritime (46.0%), Moungo

(18.4%), and Wouri (4.5%) and 24 Subdivisions (including the Edea

subdivision where the project is located) and 5 Districts (MINPAT, 2000). The Edea subdivision is further comprised of 11 villages affected by the project,

namely Apouh, Koukoue, Beon, Nlonamioh, Mbanda, Malimba Farm, Ekite 1, 2, & 3, Ekite Pilote, and Malimba Urbain. (Scott Wilson, 2006)

4.1.4 In 1987, the province had a population of 1,352,833 inhabitants according to

the National Census by the National lnstitute of Statistics, with an annual growth rate of 3.41% per annum. In 2005, the population of the Littoral

province was estimated at 2,704,131 inhabitants (National Institute of

Statistics, 1987). Also according to the National Census, in 1987 the Edea subdivision (ESD) had a total population of approximately 68,794 people and

it was estimated that this number would rise to 194,634 inhabitants in 2000.

4.1.5 Also according to the 1987 census; 82% of the population of the littoral province lived in the urban area with 84% living in Douala, Edea and along Douala-Melong road in the Moungo Division. The population density ranged

from highly populated subdivisions with more than 2,000 inhabitants per ~m~


Page 39


in Douala (Wouri Division) to less than 7 inhabitants per ~ m ' in Yabassi and

Yingui (Nkam Division), Mouanko and Ngambe (Sanaga Maritime).

4.1.6 The population is very young with an average age of 21.9 years and with 50%

of the population under 15 years of age. The birth rate is slightly lower in rural

areas (35 births per 1000 people) than in urban areas (36 births per 1000

people), but the gross mortality rate is much higher in rural areas (12 deaths

per 1000 people) than urban areas (9 deaths per 1000 people) (MINPAT,

2000).

4.1.7 According to MINPAT (2000) the unemployment rate in 2000 among young people (20-25 years) was 13% in urban areas of the province (with the

exception of Douala which is 23%), and 3,5% in rural areas. The national

unemployment level is 14,4%.

Economic Activity and Social Infrastructure of the Littoral Province and Project Area

4.1.8 As the economic capital of the country, Douala attracts most of the economic

activity of the province having most of the small to medium sized companies and industries. The second biggest industrial town in the Province is Edea

Town with two aluminium factories (ALUCAM & SOCATRAL) and two main

hydroelectric plants (EdBa and Songloulou), which are located on the Sanaga

River (MINPAT, 2000).

4.1.9 With regards to the agriculture and livestock sector, the Littoral Province

encompasses both large scale plantations that produce rubber, palm oil, fruits

and vegetables and which use modern techniques and provide employment

to the local population, as well as subsistence agriculture that relies on

traditional agricultural tools and animals with very little use of mechanised

equipment (MINPAT, 2000). The Littoral Province is considered the fourth

largest producer in Cameroon of Cocoa, the largest producer of Robusta

Coffee and the largest exporter of Bananas (MINPAT, 2000). The province

has a very high potential for livestock development but unfortunately the

sector is still very undeveloped (MINPAT, 2000).


Page 40


4.1.10 With regards to the existing social infrastructure, the majority of health and

education infrastructures are concentrated in Douala. However, all of the

villages in the Ed6a Subdivision have a primary school even though there

aren't any secondary schools with the exception of Ed6a. In addition, most of

the government and private clinics are concentrated in Ed6a (DSCN, 2001). In Ed6a there is one medical Doctor per 12,525 inhabitants compared to

11,690 inhabitants per Doctor for the Littoral Province as a whole (DSCN,

1998).

4.1.1 1 Douala and Ed6a are connected to the Cameroon Water supplier

(CAMWATER) for water however for the rest of the villages in Ed6a

subdivision, water is obtained from other sources such as the river or surface

water (MINPAT, 2000). Even though availability of electricity is more

widespread than piped water throughout the whole Province as well as in the

project area, the majority of the populations are still without connections

(DSCN, 1997).

South Province - General Socio-Economic Profile of South Province and Project Area

4.1.12 The South Province has a total surface of 47,191 ~ m ' , accounting for 9.93%

of the total surface of Cameroon. It comprises four Divisions: Dja et Lobo,

Mvila, Ntem and Ocean as well as 21 Subdivisions and one District (MINPAT,

2000). The Kribi subdivision - KSD (where the project is located) comprises

15 affected villages namely Mpolongwe 2, Bebambwel, Bebambwe2,

Londji2, Bipagal, Bipaga2, Ebea, Fifinda2, Fifindal, Pama, Bivouba, Mbebe,

Bonguen, Elogbatindi and Dehane (Scott Wilson, 2006)

4.1.13 The South province is the least populated province of the country with

373,798 inhabitants in 1987 (as per the National census by the National

Institute of Statistics), an annual growth of 1.9% (below the national average

of 2.9%) and an estimated population of 500,000 in 2000. According to the

National Census of 1987, Kribi Subdivision had a total population of

approximately 19,778 people and it was estimated that this number would rise

to 95,000 people in 2006.

4.1.14 Also according to the 1987 census, 67% of the population is rural with the

remaining urban population being concentrated mainly in the towns of Ebolowa, Kribi and Sangmelima. The population density ranges from low,

with 17 inhabitants per ~ m ' in Mvila Division to very low density with less than 12 inhabitants per ~ m ' in the other Divisions.


Page 4 I

Krrbi Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

4.1.15 The population is also very young with an average age of 14 years. 43% of

the population is under 14, 51% between 15 and 64 years old and only 6%

above 65 (MINPAT, 2000). Mortality rates in Kribi Subdivision are 0,14% and

0,15% in the South. Children's mortality rate (less than lyear) in Kribi is

0,0365% and 0,02816% in the South Province. The child mortality rate (1-5 year) in Kribi is 0,0184% and 0,01507% in the South Province (DSCN, 2001)

4.1.16 In 1999, the unemployment rate in Kribi was 50% and 49% in the South

Province. The employment rate for young people (more than 14 years) was

25% in Kribi and 17% in the South (MINPAT, 2000). The average annual

income per person in Kribi was 90,000F CFA and 100,000F CFA in the South

(MINPAT, 2000)

Economic Activity and Social Infrastructure of the South Province and Project Area

4.1.17 Presently, the South Province has very low economic activity when compared to its neighbouring Littoral Province. The South Province has three main

companies established, namely SOCAPALM, EMC-HEVECAM and the Chad-

Cameroon Gas Pipeline Project (MINPAT, 2000). In addition, Tourism is also

a growing sector in the Province mainly due to its 150km of Coast Line, the

biodiversity of Campo Ma'an' National Park and the existing camps (Perenco

Cameroun S.A, 2006)

4.1.18 'The South Province, albeit at a much lower level than its neighbouring Littoral

Province, has large-scale plantations that produce palm oil. These use

modern techniques and provide employment to the local population. There is also subsistence agriculture that relies on traditional agricultural tools with

very little use of mechanised equipments (MINPAT, 2000). The livestock

sector is almost non-existent, however the semi-artisanal Fisheries play a

very important role in the economy of the Province (Perenco Cameroun S.A,

2006). According to "Enquete Cadre, 1995" (1 995), 942 persons with different

nationalities were involved in a fishing activity and the people of Yassa,

Batanga and Bakoko consider it part of their cultural heritage.


Page 42


4.1.1 9 The South Province is considered as one of the least equipped Provinces of

the country with 1 doctor per 8754 inhabitants and 1 health centre per 2180

inhabitants. In addition, the teacherlstudent ratio is also the lowest in the

country (MINPAT, 2000). In the project area, most schools are found in Kribi

itself (including the only secondary schools in the subdivision). There is a primary school in Londji2 and a professional training centre (Don Bosco) at

Bebambwe. In some villages (Bipagal, Bipaga2, Ebea) children have to

travel long distances (5 to 8km) to reach the school8.

4.1.20 There are three health centres in Kribi subdivision, one in Londji2, one in

Fifindal and one in Elogbatindi. There is also a government and military

hospital in Kribi. In Londji2's health centre the consultation is free and drugs

are heavily subsidizedg.

4.1.21 Kribi is connected to the Cameroon Water supplier (CAMWATER) for water,

however, for the rest of the villages in Kribi subdivision, water is obtained from

other sources such as the river, boreholes or surface water. The percentage

of people connected to the water network is 15,96% in Kribi and 9,69% in the

South Province even though availability of electricity is higher than piped

water throughout the whole Province, as well as in the project area, the

majority of the population are still without connections (MINPAT, 2000). The

percentage of people connected to the electricity network is 13,8% in Kribi

and 15,6% in the South (DSCN, 1997).

According to data collected in the field According to data collected in the field

Scott Wilson December 2007 Page 43


4.2 Specific Socio-Economic Profile of the PAPS in Edea and Kribi

Subdivision.

4.2.1 Introduction

4.2.2 Unless cited, this section of the report is based on the information gathered

through the SEB survey using questionnaires as well as information gathered

from the focus groups (see discussion in Method 3.3, and 9.1 Appendix ).

Specific Socio-economic Profile of the Project Area

Edea & Kribi Subdivision

4.2.3 The average family size of the project area in the Edka Subdivision (ESD) was 5.9 family members, which is slightly above the national average

household size of 5.5 and the Kribi Subdivision (KSD) average size of 5.3.

The SEB survey showed that the family unit for both provinces consisted of

the head of household (of which around 84% stated they were married or

under a traditional marriage) with spouse (31% in ESD & 32% for KSD) and sons and daughters (38% in ESD & 50% KSD). Only 6.1 % of the

respondents stated they were widowed in the ESD as opposed to 4.5% of

respondents in the KSD

4.2.4 For both provinces, the SEB survey found that the affected population is quite

young with 39% of the population being under 15 years of age in the ESD as

opposed to 37% in the KSD.

4.2.5 When looking at the gender distribution in the project area both provinces

have an equal sex distribution. In other words most households consist of

50% males and 50% females (see Table 4.2-1 below).

Table 4.2-1 - Gender Distribution in Project area

4.2.6 However, when looking at the sex of the head of the household, this distribution changes significantly with the majority (81%) of the households

being headed by a male. The ESD has a slightly higher percentage of


Page 44


female-headed households than the KSD. One possible reason for this is that

the male heads of households are working in Douala and do not reside with

the family.

Table 4.2-2 -Sex of head of household in the Project Area

4.2.7 When looking at the main religion of the project area, there isn't a significant difference between the Edka and Kribi Subdivisions. The two main religions

mentioned were Catholic (68% of the population) and Protestant (16%).

Other religions mentioned included God's Assembly, Jehovah's Witness,

Neo-Apostolic, Pentecostal and Evangelist.

Female Total

4.2.8 It is also important to note that approximately 25% of the respondents in both

provinces stated the church as their main place of leisure, which gives an

indication of the importance of religion, as well as a religious place of worship to the community.

4.2.9 In the project area, five religiouslsacred locations will be affected by the

project albeit in different degrees.

19.8% 100%

4.2.10 In the ESD, two churches will be affected. These are:

17.5%

100%

The Diocece Catholique Mission of Edka located in Mbanda village; its

mains assets affected will be some of its crops. The Mission is also a land title owner for the land affected. The Galican Church located in Malimba Urbain village. Its affected assets

are the church itself with a 12m x 7m area, built with wattle and zinc

plaques. The Church is not a land title owner. (See picture 3 in Appendix

9.1)

4.2.1 1 In the KSD, three churches will be affected are:

Catholique Mission of Elogbatindi located in Elogbatindi village. Its main affected assets will be some of its crops. The mission is a land title owner for the land affected.


Kribi Power Project - I5OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Adventist Church of the Seventh Day located in Ebea village. Its main

assets affected will be crops and the church itself, which is built from

planks and thatch roof. The Church is not a land title owner (See picture 4

in Appendix 9.1)

Presbyterian Church located in Bonguen village. Its main asset affected

will be its crops.

4.2.12 To minimise the project impact on the communities, the project must provide

full compensation at current market prices for the loss of crops, land (if land

title exists) andlor build an improved structure in a location previously

discussed and agreed with the church/mission leaders. This latter activity

must be completed before the existing structure is destroyed. In addition,

AES SONEL must assist the communities in obtaining new land as well as

incur any costs this may bring about (e.g. traditional gifts).

Ethnic Background and Mother Tongue

4.2.1 3 Cameroon has approximately 200 ethnic groups and hundreds of languages.

The Edea Subdivision consists of 9 main ethnic groups (namely, Bassa,

Mpo'o, Bassobalikol, Bavec, Ndjabane, Nyabi, Okak, Malimba and Sawa) and 13 languages whilst the Kribi Subdivision consists of 6 ethnic groups (Mbeti,

Maka, Batanga, Mabi, Baka and Kola) and 16 different languages.

Graph 4.2-1 - Ethnicity in the Project Area

Ethnic Grouos oresent in the Proiect Area

Ethnic groups I II Edea Subdivision II Kribi ~ u b d i v i s .

4.2.14 In addition, the main languages present in the project area were Bakoko, Bassa, Ewondo and Mabi. However, consistent with the Table above, the percentages of respondents that consider these languages as their mother



tongue differs clearly between the two subdivisions. The Table below illustrates that the ESD has a higher concentration of people that use Bakoko

and Bassa languages (from the Bassa Ethnic Group) whilst the KSD use

Ewondo (from the Mbeti ethnic group) and Mabi Languages (from the Mabi

Ethnic groups)lO.

Graph 4.2-2- Existing mother tongues

Languages Present in the Project Area

Languages 1 H Edea subdivision W Kribi subdivision 1

History o f CommunitylSettlement & Land Titles

4.2.15 Land is normally assignedlinformally sold to a new household by the

traditional/community leader or informally bought from another land occupier. However these occupiers are not recognised by law as being formal

landowners unless they obtain a formal land title (or provide proof of legal

purchase), which is not only a lengthy process but also an expensive one.

Furthermore, with regards to compensation, only landowners with land title or

proof of legal purchase are considered for compensation. Of the 681

households in the project area, only 54 have land title and are therefore

entitled to compensation for land loss.

4.2.16 In addition, as Table 4.2-3 below shows, approximately 78.8% of the family

members interviewed responded that they have been living in the same location since the year 2000, in other words a minimum of 7 years1'. This

means that the majority of the respondents are not only well established in

10 For more detailed information regarding the Ethnic and Language Groups, please see Appendix XX. " However, it is important to note that children under 7 years o f age were considered as not living in the location since the year 2000. As such, only 7% of the actual respondents (34% of the 21.2% of respondents that said no) actually lived outside the community after the year 2000.

Scoff WiLFon December 2007

Page 4 7


their community and particularly in the current location but have also

developed intricate social networks of support with their neighbours and other

family members.

Table 4.2-3- Location of household residence since the year 2000

4.2.17 Consequently, the resettlement may have a very big impact on people's

livelihoods as they may not only loose their established neighbourhood

support and community network but also need to obtain another land (which

is usually bought) before being able to build their new house orland cultivate

their crops.

4.2.18 The availability of idle land around the project area exists, even though as

mentioned above it usually has an owner. As such, AES SONEL must assist

the PAP in finding and negotiating the land. It must incur any costs that may

arise in obtaining this land, including for example traditional gifts. These costs should be part of the contingency costs under the overall RAP budget.

Economic Activity and Social Infrastructure of the Edea and Kribi Subdivisions

Household Education

4.2.19 According to the SEB survey undertaken in both subdivisions, the majority of

respondents have had some sort of formal education with approximately 45%

having undertaken primary schooling, 18% Middle School and less than 20%

High school and Middle technical School. 17% of the respondents stated they did not have any formal education (see Graph 4.2-3 below) or that they

didn't know their degree of education.

Graph 4.2-3 - Education Level per Subdivision


Page 48


None Primary Post Middle High Middle Technical Bachelor Above Don't Primary School School Technical High Honours Know School

V6U"C"AtionSL",h%l Ed Edea Subdivision

, 1 H Kribi Subdivision

4.2.20 As seen above, the education level of both provinces is fairly similar even

though there is a significant larger proportion of the population with primary

schooling in the ESD when compared with the KSD. This is probably due to

the larger number of primary schools that exist close to the project area within

this Province as well as due to the higher economic purchasing power in the ESD.

4.2.21 Given the proximity of the ESD to the economic capital of the country - Douala - one would expect a higher level of education among its residents,

however, the SEB survey showed that the KSD has in fact a higher

percentage of population with Middle School, High School, Middle Technical

and Technical School.

4.2.22 It is important to take into consideration this low level of literacy in the project

area as it can affect not only the compensation process but also the public consultation process. For example, people with low literacy levels will have

more difficulties in managing a bank account and the compensation package

received and will need additional guidance. In addition, the way information is

presented for informative and/or discussion purposes should be geared

towards more visual/oral means rather than written communications.

Household Health

4.2.23 The main diseases affecting all the members of the households in the last three years were Malaria, followed by different types of diarrhoea. Nevertheless quite a significant percentage (23% in the ESD and 30% in the KSD) stated they had not had any diseases in the last three years. When only focusing on the head of the household these figures change slightly as

Malaria becomes more predominant and there is a decrease in numbers in

Scotl M k o n December 2007

Page 49


the different types of diarrhoea, which suggests that this latter disease affects

children more. There was no mention of HIVIAIDS in either Province, which

might suggest lack of information regarding HIVIAIDS or an unwillingness to discuss it because of the associated stigma.

Scoti Wilson December ZOO 7

Page 50


Graph 4.24 - Diseases occurring in the last three years

Subdivision mKribi Subdlv~s~on UHead of Household ESD HHead of Household KSD -

4.2.24 Furthermore, when asked about child mortality in the household over the last

three years, the SEE survey showed that a significant percentage of the respondents in the KSD (18% - compared to the ESD 10%) stated they had suffered from such a misfortune. Some of the main known diseases that were stated as being responsible were Malaria, Diarrhoea and Yellow Fever.

4.2.25 In addition, to the health status of the household, the SEE survey also

enquired about the main place of treatment. According to the respondents,

the main place of treatment was the local hospital followed by the bigger city

hospital. Only a very small percentage, in both provinces mentioned being

treated with traditional medication for the main diseases.


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Kribi Power Project - lSOMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Graph 4.2-5 - Main Place of Treatment

4.2.26 With regards to the existing disabilities the SEB survey showed that only

around 4% of the population in the project area suffered from a disability. This

was similar for both the Edea and Kribi Subdivisions. Furthermore, the main disabilities mentioned were physical (46% for both provinces) followed by

visual (27% and 13%) and PsychologicallMental disabilities (15% and 17% in

the Edka and Kribi Subdivisions respectively).

4.2.27 Households that suffer from any kind of disability must receive special

attention by the project and should be dealt with on an individual basis in

order to minimise any disturbances brought about by the project and thus ensure a safe reallocation.

Economic Activities and Livelihood Options

4.2.28 This subsection looks at the different economic activities mentioned by the respondents in both the Edea and Kribi Subdivisions.

Scoff Wilson December 200 7

Page 52


/

4.2.29 As per the Table below, the main occupation mentioned by the respondents

during the household SEB survey was farming followed by student. In

addition, the Table below illustrates that agriculture, as a main occupation, is

more predominant in the ESD than the KSD. This might be explained by the

fact that the KSD has a higher percentage of students, unemployed and self-

employed people.

Graph 4.2-6 - Main Occupation in the Ed6a and Kribi Subdivision

Main Occupation in the Edea and Kribi Subdivision

4.2.30 The self-employed category includes activities such as tree cutter, hunter,

driver, fisherman, taxi driver, traditional healer, tailor, welder, hairdresser and

others. The main self-employed activities mentioned by the respondents in the Ed6a and Kribi Subdivisions respectively were commerce (39% and

36%), fishing (26% and 10%) and roadside selling of products (17% and

24%).

E 2 d

Scoti Wilson December 2007

Page 53

2 i Main Occupation .% Edea Subdivision .% Kribi Subdivision

Kribi Power Project - l5OMW Gas Plan1 and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

4.2.31 According to the SEB survey, 60% of the respondents had no other economic

activity besides the main activity mentioned above. However, the remaining

respondents mentioned a wide range of secondary activities that

complemented the main activity and brought additional income to the

household. The Table below illustrates the main secondary activities

mentioned (for additional Tables/charts/Graphs on this subject please see

Appendix A.2).

Graph 4.2-7 -Secondary Occupation in the Edba and Kribi Subdivision

Secondary Occupation in the Edea and Kribi Subdivision

( HEdea Subdivision (%) WKribi Subdivision ( O h ) I Secondary Occupation

4.2.32 According to the Graph 4.2-7 above and in line with the previous Graph 4.2-6,

the main secondary activities recorded are agriculture with the KSD having a

higher percentage of respondents (45%) than the ESD (37%) and hunting,

construction and fishing. The latter activity is only performed by the

respondents in the Kribi subdivision.

4.2.33 In summary, both Graphs above illustrate that agriculture and hunting are the

two main activities in both the Edea and Kribi Subdivision with more emphasis

on agriculture. These are supplemented by activities such as selling of the

products they produce.

4.2.34 The project will have an impact on both agriculture and hunting, which in turn will have a direct and indirect impact on peoples' livelihoods and subsistence.


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Kribi Power Project - 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

4.2.35 The direct impact on the livelihoods and subsistence of the household will be

caused by the loss of crops and trees as well as loss of forest. The indirect

impact will be caused by the loss of income brought about by the loss of

commerce due to lack of crops.

4.2.36 In order to minimize this impact, the project should provide full compensation

for the temporary crops over a period of twelve months instead of six months. The reason being that (i) different crops will start at different times of the year

some of which may overlap with project commencement and (ii) the time for

the compensation process, the finding of land, preparation of land and waiting

until collection of crops period should also be compensated. In addition, the

loss of income from loss of commerce will already be included in the

compensation as the compensation package was calculated assuming that

the household sold all of its production during that one year.

4.2.37 For the trees, compensation should be provided over the waiting period. In

other words, from the time the plant is planted to the time it starts producing.

Loss of Secondary Forest Area

4.2.38 Cameroon's forests have undergone extensive conversion, with half the

historic forest cover (cover that existed prior to extensive human disturbance)

cleared for farms and settlements. At least 20 per cent of the remaining

forests are degraded or secondary forests. Agricultural clearing and logging

are the primary causes of deforestation and degradation and logging has

significant environmental and economic consequences at both the local and

national level1*.

4.2.39 The accelerating pressure upon Cameroon's forests reserves not only has

widespread ecological impacts but it also severely disrupts the nature of local

communities and their day-to-day existence. This is particularly true for the

indigenous local communities such as the Baka and Kola groups (also known

as pygmy groups) that are mainly nomads, gatherers and hunters.

4.2.40 Deforestation and degradation reduce the availability and quality of the forest

products, which play a vital role in sustaining local livelihoods. These products are used not only as medicines, food, tools and building materials within local villages and households but are also used as an exchange coin in the existing

barter system between the indigenous groups and the non-indigenous

groups.

12 Hand On/ TVEIITDG. 2004. "Money Grows on Trees - Cameroon"


Kribi Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmissron Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

4.2.41 The project area, more specifically the KSD, is home to 30 households of

indigenous groups (namely the Kola), which have a high intrinsic dependency

on the forest resources (when compared to their Bantu neighbours).

4.2.42 In addition, and again depending on the degree of the project impact on the

existing forest resources, this might lead to a direct impact on the relationship

between the indigenous groups and their neighbours, the Bantu.

4.2.43 This latter impact is a consequence of their lifestyle as nomads travel

throughout the forest hunting and gathering. As mentioned above, the

cultivated foods, such as plantains and yams, are obtained from Bantu

villages in exchange for meat or plantation work. The barter system also

extends to tools, clothes and pots. With the deforestation caused by the

project, the gap between the Bantu and the Kola could widen, as the Bantu

own land and the Kola do not. This is could be further aggravated as

compensation payments for people directly affected by the project will occur

whilst the Kola whose livelihood depends on the forest, receive nothing.

4.2.44 The project will closely follow the main Edka - Kribi road and will destroy a

total area (in both ESD and KSD) of 300ha composed of secondary tropical

forest (30-40% of the route), fallow lands (40-50%) and subsistence farms

(20%). The KSD will account for 65% of the route (i.e. equivalent to 195ha

area) of which we assume that 40% is forestland (i.e. equivalent to 78ha over 65km).

4.2.45 In addition, given that the intensity of human intervention diminishes as the

distance from the road and their settlements increases, then it is safe to

assume that the existing secondary forest near the road has already suffered

extensively from human intervention. As, the Kola communities are living next

to the road, it is assumed that for their main timber and non-timber forest

products, that they travel deeper into the forest.

4.2.46 As a result, given that (i) that the project will follow the road and thus affect the secondary forest next to the road (ii) there are only 30 households of the

Kola group in the project area and (iii) that only 78ha over a 65km distance

will be affected it is believed that this impact is not only very significant but

also localised.

4.2.47 Nevertheless in order to minimise any possible potential impact, Scott Wilson, upon request from AES SONEL, has gathered additional socio-economic information on the existing indigenous households in the project area. This


Page 56


information should be further investigated to determine the need for a community and indigenous peoples plan for these existing indigenous groups in the project area. This detailed information is presented in Appendix A.

4.2.48 Recognising the extreme vulnerable status of the indigenous groups, it is

recommended that the project take a few measures to help ameliorate the

indigenous group's status. As such, it is recommended that:

The indigenous group members are given priority with regards to

employment opportunities during the construction and operation phases of

the project, as well as during the RAP implementation phase.

The project helps the indigenous group members to obtain their Identity

Card

lndigenous group members are given priority with regards to any skills

enhancement training provided by the project

lndigenous groups are well informed and given priority of any income

restoration schemes undertaken by the project

lndigenous groups are well informed and part of any community

development scheme undertaken by the project (e.g. improvement of

health facilities, etc.)

lndigenous groups are part of the relevant stakeholders group consulted

during community consultations.

Animal Rearing

4.2.49 Another source of income is the raising and selling of animals such as chickens, ducks, goats, cows, and others. 46% of the households interviewed said they reared animals (40% ESD and 60% KSD). However, only 19%

reared the animals for selling with the remaining 81% rearing them for own consumption. The main animals are chickens (72%), goats (11%) and pigs


Kribi Power Project - ISOMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

(10%). For additional TableslChartslGraphs on livestock rearing and selling please see Appendix 8.2.

Graph 4.2-8 -Rearing of Animals in Ed6a and Kribi Subdivision

Rearing of Animals in the Project Area

5 Animals I Littoral Province Southern Province I

4.2.50 AES SONEL should assist the reallocation of the animals and if any animal is

injured due to the reallocation, AES SONEL should provide the adequate compensation at current market prices.

Income Levels

4.2.51 Taking into account all of the activities mentioned above, the average monthly

income per head of household is shown below. Please note that this is an

underestimation of the real average monthly income, as it does not take into account income generated by the other family members such as the children or the wife.

4.2.52 The average monthly income level of the head of the household is higher for

the ESD compared to the KSD. As Graph 4.2-9 below illustrates, the KSD has a higher number of households with an average monthly income of less

than 25,000CFA (equivalent to approximately 52USD) than the ESD, which has a significantly higher number of households with a monthly average

income of more than 100,001CFA (approximately 208USD).

Graph 4.2-9 -Average Monthly Income Level of Head of Household per Ed6a and Kribi Subdivision


Page 58


Average Monthly Income Level, of Head of Household per Province

Less than Between Between Between More than No income 25,000 CFC 25,001 to 50,001 to 75,001 to 100,001 CFC

($52) 50,000 CFC 75,000 CFC 100,000 CFC ($208) ($52-$104) ($104-$156) ($1 56-$208)

Average Monthly Income Range Edea Subdivision Kribi Subdivision

4.2.53 As the Graphs above illustrate, the existing notion of the income levels of the

present affected households is very low which could indicate that the

household is not used to managing large sums of money.

4.2.54 In order to mitigate this impact, it is recommended that AES SONEL:

Provide compensation in kind, whenever possible, especially with

regards to land acquisition, building of structures, provision of seeds,

clearing and preparation of land for crop production.

Provide the option to the PAPS of setting up a long-term compensation

process where the compensation package is made up of assets and

cash. This long-term compensation could be given seasonal or

annually depending on the nature of the asset (e.g. loss of crop

production or loss of fruit trees production). This will not only reduce

the amount in cash being given to the household at any one time but it will allow the household to make its adjustments every month in

relation to money management.

Indicators

4.2.55 Household wealth is a very good indicator of project impacts, especially positive impacts as people that are better off tend to acquire more material

Scotr Wilson December 2007

Page 59


assets. However in order to measure this potential impact, an image of the current wealth of the household in the project area must be obtained. In order to achieve this the questionnaire asked the household if they had certain assets that ranged from luxury assets such as mobile phone, N, Stereo to more basic assets such as a mattress and agricultural tools. As seen in the Table below, the main assets mentioned by the respondents in the project area were BedIMattress (94.7%), Radio (73.9%), Watch (72.3%), Mobile (62.10%) and Electricity (46.6%) (See Graph 4.2-1 0).

Graph 4.2-10 - Percentage of Respondents in the Project Area with wealth assets

Does the household have any of the following assets?

" 4,be0+9cP ,j8 ,eQ

+* % of respondents that answered yes Assets

4.2.56 It is clear that both Subdivisions have similar patterns of wealth. Nevertheless, the ESD seems to be slightly wealthier than the KSD as it has a higher percentage of respondents with luxury assets such as Electricity, N, Video, Mobile, Watch, Motorcycle, Kerosene Stove, Gas Stove and Generator. More basic assets such as Radio, Mosquito Net, and Bicycles are found more in the KSD (See Graph 4.2-1 1 below).

Graph 4.2-1 1 -Wealth Assets per Subdivision


Page 60


Wealth Assets

Location of new landlstructurelcrop

4.2.57 The location of the new landlstructurelcrops is a very important factor in

household stability and well-being. There are several key elements that must be taken into consideration when looking at new locations. These are

proximity of education and health centreslfacilities, proximity of essential household resources such as water, fuel, forest, markets, existence of

electricity, proximity of already existing social networks and proximity to

access roads. These are illustrated below with respective time and means of travel indicators for measurement of project impact in the future.

Education and Health Structures

4.2.58 The location of the school and the health facilities is an important factor to consider when reallocating households from one area to another, as it could

influence household income and safety. E.g. if they must pay for transport due to the increased distance from schoollhealth centre. Similarly safety may be impaired, as longer distances will increase the likelihood of accidents.

Indicator

4.2.59 Currently the majority of people from the KSD travel 5 to 30 minutes to get to school whilst the majority of people living in ESD will travel 30 minutes to 1

hour. In addition, if you live in ESD then the results show that you are 7.5% more likely to travel over 1 hour to get to school. Furthermore, the main


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Kribi Power Project - l5OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmissron Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

means of travel is walking. This time and mean of transport indicator is useful

to measure project impacts.

Household Resources

4.2.60 The buying or fetching of water, fuel for lighting and fuel for cooking is a very

important part of the daily household routine and is considered here in greater

detail.

Water

4.2.61 The SEB survey found that when looking at the main source of water, there

were significant differences between the Edba and Kribi Subdivisions. As

seen in the Graph 4.2-12 below, the ESD has a wider distribution of water

sources with the main sources being the RiverlLakes (34%), followed by

ground sources of water (lgOh), tap water in the yard (17%) and boreholes

(15%). Only a small percentage mentioned wells and water from their

neighbours.

4.2.62 The KSD has a much wider percentage of respondents using water from the

riverllake for their household consumption (71% in comparison to 34% in

ESD). However, the respondents in the ESD use a wider range of water sources with 19% obtaining water from their neighbours, 17% from taps in

their yards and 15% from boreholes. None of the respondents in the project

area mentioned tap water inside their house.


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Kribi Power Project - l5OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Can~eroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Graph 4.2-12 - Sources of Household Water per Subdivisions

Source of Household Water

4." 8 8 $8 ,8 ue eb" TO ;r e'5 ;re4 3e+ s6e pa 8 o&Ge

;re ;.C +ae $3 b5

$8 GO && '$3 -8 & <aQ Sources of Water .+

<aQ 1 . Edea Subdivision . Kribi Subdivision 1

4.2.63 When choosing the new location for resettlement, the project must thus take into consideration the existing water sources nearby in order to minimise the impact of time spent fetching water.

Indicators

4.2.64 When asked about the time it took to collect the water as well as the means of transport, the majority of respondents in the ESD stated they took between 5 to 30 minutes to fetch water (53%) whilst 25% stated they took less than five minutes. The main means of transport recorded is walking (94%). Similarly to the ESD, 61% of the respondents from the KSD stated that they take between 5 and 30 minutes whilst 21% mentioned that they took between 30 and 60 minutes. In the same way as above, 99% of the respondents mentioned walking as their main mean of transport.

Fuel used for cooking and lighting

4.2.65 The majority of respondents use wood as the main source of fuel for cooking. Only a very small percentage use gas. Gas and kerosene are the main sources of fuel for lighting for both Subdivisions (See Graph 4.2-13 and Graph 4.2-14 below).


Page 63


Graph 4.2-1 3 - Source of Fuel to Cook per Subdivision

Sources of Fuel to Cook

Woodfuel Charcoal Gas Diesellpetrol Electricity Kerosene Other

Graph 4.2-14 -Source of Fuel for Lighting per Subdivision

Sources of Fuel for Lighting

Sources of Fuel

woodfuel Charcoal Gas Diesellpetrol Eledritity Kerosene Other

Sources of Fuel for Lighting

IS4 Edea Subdivision Knb~ Subdlv~s~on

1 Edea Subdivision Kribi Subdivision 1

4.2.66 Again, when choosing the new location the project must take into

consideration the existing fuel sources nearby in order to minimise the impact on time and income lost fetching or buying fuel. In addition, with the forest

loss as a result of the project, an increased pressure on the remaining resources (e.g. fuel wood) will occur.

Indicator

4.2.67 When asked about the time to collect fuel to cook as well as the means of transport used, the majority of respondents in the ESD stated they took between 30 to 60 minutes to collect the fuel (43%) whilst 30% stated they


Page 64


take between 5 to 30 minutes. 29% mentioned it takes more than one hour to

get the fuel. The main means of transport mentioned is walking (75%)

followed by Taxi (12%). Similarly to the ESD, 61% of the respondents from

the KSD stated they take between 30 to 60 minutes whilst, 28% stated they

take more than one hour. Similarly to water collection, 94% of the

respondents recorded walking as their main means of transport.

4.2.68 Similarly to the cooking fuel, when asked about the fuel for lighting the

majority of respondents in the ESD stated they take between 5 to 30 minutes

to collectlbuy the fuel (51%) whilst 35% stated they take between 30 to 60

minutes, however with regards to the means of transport, 64% of the

respondents mentioned a taxi as opposed to only 30% mentioning walking.

4.2.69 For the KSD, the figures change slightly with 38% of the respondents taking

between 30 to 60 minutes to collectlbuy the fuel and 32% taking between 5 to

30 minutes and 26% taking more than one hour. With regards to the main

means of transport, 63% and 31 % use taxi and walking respectively.

4.2.70 This change in means of transport towards the taxi in both Subdivisions might

be due to the fact that the main source of fuel used for lighting is gas and

kerosene and this needs to be bought in commercial establishments which

are located further away than the forest or river,

Leisure Activities

4.2.71 Even though, household resources and health and education infrastructure

are very important for the household's stability, it is important to also take into

consideration leisure activities. When asked about the household's main

leisure activities, the majority of the respondents answered that they spend

their free time in the house (43%), at the church (25%) and playing sports (14%) or at friend's house (12%). When comparing, the average time to get

to the place of leisure as well as the means of travel, 56% of the respondents

take less than 5 minutes to reach their destination and use walking as their

main mean of travel (90%).

4.2.72 Consequently, proximity to the neighbours and friends as well as sports fields

should be taken into consideration when looking at alternative locations.

Furthermore, the project will go through two football fields of which one belongs to a Public School in Fifinda 1 village and the other in Bivouba village both of which are in the KSD.


Page 65


4.2.73 It is recommended that AES SONEL compensate both fields in kind through improved football fields as an added benefit to the communities.

lndicator

4.2.74 When comparing, the average time to get to the place of leisure as well as the means of travel, 56% of the respondents take less than 5 minutes to reach their destination and use walking as their main mean of travel (90%'~). This is

in line with the Table above that demonstrates that the majority of leisure

activities occur in the house.

lndicator

4.2.75 Another very important indicator of the project impact on a household's

livelihood and standard of living is the expenditure on household resources.

For example, a project impact could maintain, decrease or increase expenditure on household resources. This could be deemed positive or

negative. It will be important to analyse what factors determined this increase, if these were due to a rise in income and better quality sources of household resources that require payment or greater distance to the resource source.

The baseline information for this indicator is given below by Subdivision:

EdCa Subdivision

4.2.76 According to the Graph below, the majority of respondents don't spend

anything for either water or fuel for cooking. This is due to the main sources of water and fuel being the river and forest. Both of these sources are normally

free. However, when looking at the fuel for lighting (mainly gas and

kerosene), the majority of the respondents in the ESD spend a monthly

average of between 1001 to 5000CFA (equivalent to US$2.1 to US$10.5).

Scotl UWson December ZOO 7

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Kribi Power Project - I5OMW Gas Plant and 225kY Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Graph 4.2-15 - Expenditure on Household Resource in the ESD

Expenditure on Household Resources in the Edea Subdivision

Nothing Less than 500 Between 501 to Between 1001 to More than 5001 CFC 1000 CFC 5OOOCFC CFC

Kribi Subdivision

Expenditure

4.2.77 Following the same trends as the ESD, the Graph below illustrates that the

majority of the respondents incur a monthly cost between 1001 to 5000CFA

for the fuel used in lighting (equivalent to US$2.1 to US$10.5). However, the

ESD spends more on water and fuel for cooking when compared with the

KSD indicating among other things that the ESD has a higher expenditure

than the KSD.

W Water Fuel for Cooking Fuel for Llghtlng


Page 67


Graph 4.2-16 -Expenditure on Household Resources in the KSD

Expenditure on Household Resources in the Kribi Subdivision

Nofhlng Lars than 500 CFC Betmren 501 to 1000 CFC Befmen 1001 lo 5000CFC More than 5001 CFC

Expenditures

1 W a t e r W Fuel for Cooking Fd Fuel for Lighting I

4.2.78 Summary of Key Project Impact Indicators of Household Well-Being

1. Wealth indicators 2. Time indicators

Household resources (water and fuel) Leisure activities

Health and education facilities

Expenditure indicators Household income indicators


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Kribi Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission L~ne - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

5 Socio-Economic lmpacts & Respective Mitigation Measures

5.1.1 This Chapter will combine the information obtained from the socio-economic baseline of the project affected people, the inventory of land, crops and buildings done by the compensation commission with the potential project impacts to give a clear and concise picture of the potential socio-economic impacts as well as the respective mitigation measures.

5.1.2 The Kribi Power Plant Project has been designed to minimise the social and

environmental impacts. The location of the proposed plant site and power

transmission line route has been particularly sensitive to the prevention of unnecessary involuntary resettlement caused by the requirement for the land take.

5.1.3 A study of plant and site alternatives was carried out in 200514 where different

alternatives were discussed. For the plant site, alternatives regarding location,

plant types, fuels and gas sources were discussed and the conclusion that a

gas fired power plant located at Kribi with natural gas supplied from Sanaga Sud was the best, cost effective option.

5.1.4 For the transmission line, its route is dictated by the location of the plant and substations at Kribi and Edka and the need to minimise the overall length

wherever practicable. Nevertheless, various deviations along the route were

investigated to minimise, and where possible, avoid existing houses,

plantations and farmland falling within the ROW.

5.2 Project lmpacts

5.2.1 As stated in Chapter 1, the Kribi Power Plant Project will comprise of the following:

A 150 MW Power Plant at the Mpolongwe Site within an area of approximately 16ha;

A 225 kV double circuit transmission line between the plant and the existing Mangombe 225190 kV substation at Edka. The transmission line will be approximately 100km in length and a 30 metre wide corridor with 15 metres from either side of the main axis of the

14 Study elaborated by Power Planning Associates Llmlted (PPA)


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Krlbi Po~ver Project - l5OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

transmission line. This 30 metre wide corridor is called the right of

way (ROW).

5.2.2 Consequently, due to the land required for construction of the above, the project will have the following social impacts:

Permanent land acquisition

Permanent physical resettlement of houses, buildings, trees and crops

Permanent physical resettlement of businesses

Loss of cultural property

= Forest Loss

5.3 impact Overview & Mitigation Measures

5.3.1 The construction of the Power Plant and the transmission line will require

displacement of 16ha of land for the Power plant and a total area of 300ha for

the transmission line (given that the ROW will require an approximate length

of 100km and a width of 30metres)

5.3.2 This land acquisition will affect a total of 680 Households, a total of 84 buildings belonging to 83 households (including main houses, kitchen, toilets,

concrete, churches, storage houses)15, 55 land (with land title16 and belonging

to 54 households), and 985 crops (belonging to 623 households). A total

number of 386 people will need to be reallocated, as per the family survey.

See Table 5.3-1 below for the number of affected households.

Table 5.3-1 -Category of affected assets

Number of households with KS D

ESD Plant Entire affected: Site Route

Land 5 49 0 54 Crops 326 297 22 645 Buildings 18 57 8 83

I s Of a total of 84 buildings, 63 main houses will be affected 16 Or already in the process of obtaining land title


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Note: The table above is according to individuals, which differ from crops/building/land owner since we can have for example 5 crops ownerslcrops

corresponding to 2 affected individuals.

5.3.3 Within the project area, crop owners will lose land that they cultivate as well as some crops, including the trees. Household owners will lose their residence or any other building that is part of their assets.

5.3.4 Category of Affected Assets

5.3.5 Loss of Land (titled and non-titled)

The majority of the respondents do not possess a land title for the land they

are currently on. However, they have purchased this land (usually from a

neighbour, the traditional chief or another community member) or been on it

for generations. Furthermore land availability near the existing community

facilities is also scarce as the land already has an owner, even though it is not

being exploited for any use. Land without owners exists but this is further

away from the community facilities and deeper into the forest. As a result, land is available within the vicinity of the original land but this land will need to

be bought.

For the land owners with land title, appropriate compensation will be given as

stipulated by Cameroonian law. However for those land owners without land

title Cameroon Law does not recognise the untitled land as land requiring

compensation. However given the circumstances of land availability, AES

SONEL should be assist them in the purchase of their new land.

5.3.6 Private Buildinas/Houses

5.3.7 Materials and design features of houses, out-houses and barns differ

significantly in the project-affected-area. Houses are constructed from a range

of materials, which can be divided into permanent material and temporary

material. Cement bricks are considered permanent material whilst mud, wood, stone or derivatives such as mud bricks are considered temporary material. The same applies to the roof material, which is usually constructed,

from Aluminium slates and timber. Adequate compensation will be provided and will take into consideration the type and size of the house. The statelquality of the house will be assumed as being brand new.



5.3.8 Farmland and fruit trees

5.3.9 The main fruit trees cultivated are sweet banana, banana plantain, pineapple, orange, lemon, mandarins, mango, papaya, and avocado. Both crops and

fruits are not only an important source of household revenue when sold (as

well as a good bartering coin) but also a very important source of important

nutrients for the family. As such due compensation will be required.

5.3.10 Compensation will be made for the loss of crops during the construction and

operation phases of the transmission line and the power plant. The most

common cultivated crops in the project area are peanuts, maize, cassava,

beans, Soya, yams, potatoes.

5.3.1 1 Hardwood Trees

5.3.12 A few of the respondents have individual hardwood trees of a certain

commercial value. It is thus recommended that the owners of such trees be able to cut them and keep the timber and that AES SONEL provide them with

saplings of these trees.

5.3.13 Loss of forest and non-timber forest products

5.3.14 Forests provide both indigenous and non-indigenous groups with products

used for medicines, food (including protein), tools and materials for building. As a consequence, forest loss could have a direct impact on indigenous

groups and non-indigenous group's livelihoods, as it could reduce the

availability and quality of these forest products, which play a vital role in sustaining local lives.

5.3.15 Due to the nature of the impact being small and the fact that forests are

considered national land, no compensation will be made available for forest

loss.

5.3.16 Public Infrastructure


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5.3.17 The project area is very poorly provided with service infrastructures such as

schools, hospitals, health and sanitation facilities (see Section 4.1.10).

However, no such structures will be affected by the project and therefore

these are not discussed further in this section. Nonetheless, two football fields

will be affected; one belonging to a school in Fifinda 1 and the other being of public domain in Bivouba. Both of these must be rebuilt before acquiring the

current fields.

5.3.18 Cultural Heritaqe

5.3.19 Five religious locations (2 missions and 3 churches) will be affected by the

project albeit in different degrees (two will have their crops affected whilst two

will have their main structure affected). Appropriate mitigation measures will

thus be undertaken with regards to the crops and the buildings ensuring that replacement buildings of at least an equivalent standard be constructed

before the destruction of the latter ones.

5.3.20 Business

5.3.21 The majority of businesses that will be affected by the land take for the ROW

are small-scale, informal and relatively mobile, such as kiosks selling fruits

and vegetables, tailors and drivers which can be therefore easily reallocated

with minimum impact and should not represent a significant loss of income for

the household.

5.3.22 The loss of income from selling of any household produced products will be

included in the calculations of the compensation of temporary and permanent

crops and will therefore be compensated at current market prices.

5.3.23 AES SONEL will provide assistance and incur the costs that might occur of

moving any businesses to the new locations.

5.3.24 TombslGraves

5.3.25 The majority of respondents that had tombslgraves within the ROW preferred

them to be left in the current location untouched. This is possible as the transmission line will go above and will not interfere with the tomblgrave

location. In addition, the construction teamlcontractors will be warned in advance of the location of the tombs and respective precautions and these

will be clearly identified so that they are not disturbed during the construction

of the line. For the few respondents that preferred the tombslgraves to be relocated with them, AES SONEL will provide the necessary experts and

Scotl Wilson December 2007

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Kribl Power Project - 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

undertake the necessary pacification rites to enable relocation with the

minimum disturbance


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5.3.26 A summary of the types of losses from land acquisition is provided below.

Table 5.3-2 -Types of Losses from Land Acquisition

5.3.27 The entitlement matrix that follows summarises the main types of losses as described above and the corresponding nature and scope of entitlement,


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Krrbi Power Projeci - l5OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmrssion Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

5.4 Entitlement Matrix

Direct Proiect Impacts

Table 5.4-1 - Entitlement Matrix for Direct Project lmpacts

Loss of land (equal

or more than 50% of

the existing land)

I I 1 APs, replacement land should be provided

Compensation Policy

Loss of less than

50% of land

I I I within the commune.

Definition of Entitled Person Types of Loss

Land located inside the

ROW of the transmission

line and Plant Site

Application

Land located inside the

ROW of the transmission

line and Plant Site

at full replacement costs.

AES SONEL assist in obtaining the land

title for the people without it.

Occupants with land title (or in

the process of obtaining) for the

land. Occupants that have proof of

purchase of the land

Loss of residential

land

Provide equivalent sized land nearby or

Provide cash compensation of the whole

land at full replacement costs at current

market value

Occupants with land title (or in

the process of obtaining) for the

land.

Occupants that have proof of

purchase of the land

Recommendations

Provide equivalent sized land nearby or

Provide cash compensation of the affected land area at current market

value

If remaining land is enough to absorb

Residential land located in

ROW and Plant Site

Loss of Primary

structures (shops,

houses) 8 secondary

The new land must be located as

close as possible to the affected

land

The new land must be located as

close as possible to the affected

land

Occupants of the land with land

title Occupants of the land with no

land title

Structures located in

ROW and Plant Site

The new land must be located

within the same community as the

previous structure

Must be close to essential

household resources such as

sources of fuel and water. If not,

these services must be provided as

part of the compensation package.

If remaining area is not enough an

alternative house-plot (if not land title) or

equivalent to the former plot (if has land

title) will be offered as close as possible

as the original plot, or cash compensation

The structures built by AES SONEL

must have similar or better

conditionslassets as the previous Legal owner of the structure


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AES SONEL builds an equivalent structure with better material andlor bigger

size.


Types of Loss I Application I Definition of Entitled Person I Compensation Policy I Recommendations

structures (barns, garages, fences)

Cash compensation at full replacement costs with no deduction for depreciation or state of existing structure

Allowance for lost income in kind (with regards to businesses)

structures. All structures must be completed

before-destruction of the existing structure They must be located within the

same community as the previous structure Must be close to essential

household resources such as sources of fuel, water.

Relocation

Whenever possible and given the choice of the tomblgrave owner, leave the

the tombslgraves with minimum charge. disturbance.

People living in the structures located in the ROW and Plant Site

No compensation is given for the

Relocation of Tombs and Graves

All structures must be completed before destruction of the existing structure

Legal owner of the structurelpeople renting the structure

Gravesltombs located in the ROW and Plant Site

Loss of Cultural Structures (E.g. Church)

" Reconmend an additional bonus payment if the affected person clears the area on time


Page 77

Allowance for transportation of all

household effects (Through assistance or additional payment) l7

Owners of tombs and graves

Structures located in ROW and Plant Site

Additional assistance to households

that are more vulnerable such as female headed households and households with disabilities

tombslgraves in the existing location. When required. AES SONEL to provide technical assistance in the relocation of

Legal owner of the structure

relocation of the tombslgraves as AES SONEL will provide this service when necessary and free of

AES SONEL builds an equivalent structure with better material andlor bigger

size

Krrbl Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Types of Loss

Loss of Public

Structures

Standing Crops

Trees

Loss of forest

resources (timber and non timber

forest products)

Application

Structures located in

ROW and Plant Site

Crops located in the ROW

and Plant Site

Trees located in ROW and

Plant Site

Forest resources located in the ROW of the transmission line and

Plant Site

Definition of Entitled Person

Legal owner of the structure

Farmers who cultivate the land

People who utilize the land

where trees are located

Hunter-gatherers with customary rights to the resources (e.g. Kola People) and non indigenous

groups that use the resource

Compensation Policy

AES SONEL builds an equivalent

structure with better material andlor bigger

size

Compensation in cash for crops based on the existing pattem of productivity as well

as average yield and current average

market price.

Compensation in cash based on type of

tree, gross market value, and loss of production based on yield at full maturity, market price of crop and number of years

required for a replacement planthree to

reach a similar level of maturity.

Due to forest being considered as national

land with no legal owners, there will be no

direct compensation, however compensatory measures will be

implemented as presented in the Community and Indigenous Peoples Plan.

Recommendations

All structures must be completed

before destruction of the existing

structure

APs will be given sufficient advance

notice regarding evacuation. Crops grown after the CEC census

will not be compensated.

The work schedule has to take into account the crop seasons to avoid work, if possible, during the harvest

season.

Only private owners of the trees shall be compensated for them.

It's recommended that indigenous groups are given priority regarding

employment in the project, and

support in getting their ID cards.


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5.4.1 Additional Recommendations Reqardinq the Compensation Process

5.4.2 According to the SEB survey undertaken, the main preference of respondents in the

project area there is for compensation to be payment in cash instead of payment in

kind'' (see chart below). However, given the low average monthly income of

respondents, it is assumed that the PAP are not used to managing such large

quantities of money as to be provided as part of the compensation package. As such,

it is recommended that whenever possible (particularly with the compensation of

structures) that AES SONEL provides payment in kind which also guarantees that the

PAP will get a replacement property. .

- -

97%

I 1 H Payment in cash HAES SONEL to buylconstruct the landlhouse Mixture of both

5.4.3 With regards to the project affected people that will receive some or all of their

compensation in cash, it is important to note that only 16% of the respondents stated

they had a bank account whilst 84% stated they didn't. As such, it is recommended

that AES SONEL provides the following services:

a) Encouraging and supporting the PAP in opening a bank account (33% of the respondents with no bank account stated they would like AES SONEL to help them open a Bank Account). An incentive, such as an extra payment, could

be provided to the PAP if they choose to open a bank account.

b) Training before the compensation process starts, for PAP'S on using bank accounts and managing money, as well as on the different options of receiving moneys (see section 5.4.4 below)

'"ayment in kind is normally defined as payment for a good or service with a medium other than the legal tender (i.e money). E.g. building a new house instead of giving the money equivalent to the house.


Page 79


c) Provide assistance to the PAPS that did not want to open bank accounts in cashing the cheques

5.4.4 Furthermore, it is recommended that AES SONEL should set up a long-term compensation process where the compensation package is made up of assets and

cash:

Whenever possible, AES SONEL should provide compensation in kind,

especially with regards to land acquisition, building of structures, provision of seeds, clearing and preparation of land for crop production.

With regards to compensation for crops and trees, it is recommended that

AES SONEL give the option of one-time lumpsum compensation or a periodic compensation (i.e. seasonally or annually). The periodic compensation would

be in line with the production cycles of the crops. E.g. a PAP that is expected

to receive compensation for lost production of a period of five years could get

the option of receiving the compensation annually over an equivalent period of

five years or a lump sum fee equivalent to the five years. This will not only reduce the amount in cash being given to the household but it will allow the household to make its adjustments every month with relation to money management.

5.4.5 Additionally it is recommended that AES SONEL create a RAP fund comprising of

25% of the total budget (25% contingency) as well as human resources and technical assistance, for community based livelihood restoration efforts as well as the

resolution of any conflict that may arise. This fund should assist PAP in:

I. Clearing and preparing the new land for construction orland planting

II. The reallocation (e.g. through provision of transport, medical team, etc)

especially if the household is deemed vulnerable (i.e. female head households, households with elderly, diseased or disabled members).

Ill. Visible demarcation of the current graves and tombs. Improvement of the current graves with more durable material.


Page 80


IV. Providing extra payments for people that left the affected landlstructure at the

pre-agreed time.

V. Providing incentives, such as extra payments, for receipt of the cash payment into a bank account

VI. Providing payment for loss of income that occurred between the time the

activities stopped due to the project and the commencement of those same activities, upon delivery of evidence of loss income.

VII. Providing payment for additional payments that are required as a result of the requirement for relocation (E.g. Requirement for households being resettled to

move children during the school year and therefore needing to pay additional

school fees

5.4.6 With regards to the timing of the compensation process it is important that AES

SONEL that it takes into consideration the different seasons of the year in order to

allow for sufficient time for the PAP to re-establish themselves (e.g. construction of a

property in the rainy season can take longer than 6 months to complete).

5.4.7 Moreover, when providing new land for the structure, it must take into consideration the existing services such as education and health facilities, water and fuel sources,

markets, electricity, access to roads, among others. Consequently these should be

available in the new location.

5.4.8 Furthermore to mitigate impact regarding loss of forest resources, small trees and

branches that are cleared from the ROW should be made available at no cost to local

communities for firewood.

5.4.9 Finally, AES SONEL should provide the unused construction material obtained from

the destruction of the existing structures to the communities at no cost.


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5.5 Project Attitudes & Concerns

5.5.1 The questionnaire used for the census included a series of open-ended questions regarding the household's attitudes, perceptions, choices and concerns regarding the

project. The answers given were assigned to different categories and an analysis of the data was conducted. The definition of the different categories is given before each

analysis illustrated below.

5.5.2 In order to better understand people's potential choices and respective reasons as a

result of the project, the questionnaire asked the head of the household where they

would reallocate to and why, if the project proceeded. The various open-ended answers obtained were categorised and analysed as seen in the Graph belowlg.

5.5.3 The majority of respondents from the ESD (46%) chose a location near the original area with the second largest choice (27%) being a location further from the original area.

5.5.4 The respondents from the KSD however, chose a location further from the original

area (53%) mentioning always the forest as their preferred location, however over a third (36%) chose a location near the original land.

Graph 5.5-1 - New Location After Resettlement

Furiherfromthe Near to origiml A w h e r e Refuseto m v e Another Village Don't know Original l o M i o n ( E g location

ForesllBush) Locations rn Littoral Province mSoulhern Province

5.5.5 When looking at the different reasons mentioned regarding their choices illustrated above, the main reason for both the ESD and KSD was land availability (32% and

30% respectively) as land usually has an owner even if this is traditional chief (see section 4.1.18). This concern was followed by proximity of new land to the original

19 For more detail on the different categories and their respective definitions. please see Appendix 9.4



land (25%, 24% respectively). This is in line with the fact that the ESD is more

urbanised and basic services are located closer to their current location. As such,

people are less willing to move further from their current location and the services

they already enjoy.

Graph 5.5-2 - Reasons given for the location chosen above

- Reasons for choice of new ocation 1 OEdea Subdivision K r i b i Subdivision 1

5.5.6 When asked what was the main concern that the household had with the relocation,

several concerns and frustrations were mentioned. These were again put into

different categories and analysed. For further information and definition of the

categories see Appendix .

5.5.7 The main concern/frustration mentioned was disappointment at being forced to move

from the current location to the new location. A majority of respondents in both

Subdivisions stated that they did not have any great concerns. Availability of food - during the period of reallocation and until they can collect food from their new crops - as well as and the compensation package were also mentioned by a significant

number of respondents in both Subdivisions.

Graph 5.5-3 - Main concerns regarding the project


Page 83


.- - a a Z "-

C C .- to Main concerns 6

El Edea Subdivision W Kribi Subdivision -

5.5.8 Main Concerns and Attitudes from Land, House and Tomb Owners

5.5.9 The attitudes of respondents with respect to the type of compensation they can receive are split fairly equally between those who request solely cash compensation

(41 % of respondents) and those who prefer that AES SONEL take responsibility for

the construction of the new house (51 % of respondent^)^'. Each of these two groups

has raised distinct issues and concerns. Some of the issues raised, however, are

common to both groups.

5.5.10 All respondents raised as a main concern, the fact they want a house that will be

better, or at least as good as the one that they have at present. This includes not only

the size of the house and the building materials used, but also existing or additional

assets andlor services which can include, inter alia:

Annexes to the house, such as kitchen;

Proximity to sources of water;

Access to electricity;

Proximity to jobs and schools;

Size of land to be lost;

'O The remaining 8% of respondents wanted AES SONEL's help with building a church (2.5%) or wanted to choose their own technicians, but would like AES SONEL to supervise and coordinate the construction works (5%).

Scoii Wilson December 200 7

Page 84


Crops and/or flower beds;

Financial damages from crop/business loss or interruption

5.5.1 1 Furthermore, respondents wanted to ensure that the compensation they will receive

(whether it is in cash or assets) will reflect the real value of their property, as well as the time and money already spent in acquiring it and developing it. A proportion of the residents who requested cash compensation were concerned that due to current local land prices, they may not be able to afford land in the vicinity of their current homes,

which demonstrates that land is available but has an owner. They would therefore

have to relocate to distant areas with less access to services, which would cause

even greater disruption to their lives. The majority of respondents mentioned that they would like to minimise, as far as practicable, the distance between the existing and new housing.

5.5.12 In addition, all respondents were concerned with the timing and phasing of the

project: the majority wanted to know exactly i) when would the compensation be received, ii) what were the planned dates for the destruction of their existing homes,

and iii) would the new homes be ready before the destruction of the existing ones.

5.5.13 For those respondents requesting compensation in cash, knowledge of the above

was considered very important as they needed to time the construction of their new

homes according to both the destruction of the existing ones, and other factors such

as weather and distance to the new location (estimated time for the construction of the new home ranged approximately between 3-12 months).

5.5.14 For those requesting that AES SONEL build their new house, they needed the knowledge of the above to prepare their move to the new home (estimated time

needed to relocate to the new home ranged approximately between 3-5 weeks). The majority of respondents also mentioned that knowing the date as soon as possible was essential, so that they could minimise disruption to their personal lives by

planning e.g. changes to their professional activities or registering children in a new local school.

5.5.15 A number of respondents mentioned that they are, or have in their household, people

with impaired mobility. This includes disabled and/or elderly people as well as young children. These people would have difficulty in relocating to their new homes, and therefore would need AES SONEL to assist them in doing so.

5.5.16 Some respondents already possess an additional land where they would like their new house to be built. Of this group, the majority need AES SONEL to help them prepare the land for construction (independently of whether they will build it

themselves or get AES SONEL to do it). Additionally, the remaining respondents that

Scon Wikon December 2007

Page 85


do not possess land nor have land title for their current land would like AES SONEL

to support them, not only financially, in the acquiring of the land but also in its

preparation.

5.5.17 Most respondents have tombs that will be affected by the proposed relocation. Of these, a significant proportion does not want their tombs to be removed, and would like AES SONEL to help make them more "visible" (e.g. by providing cement covers and signs around them), in order to avoid damage during demolition and reconstruction activities. Those respondents that would like their tombs to be moved to a new location request that this is done appropriately. In these cases AES SONEL

would provide all the resources necessary to move the tombs with minimum

disturbance whilst following traditional pacification rites but it would not provide any financial compensation. Additional details regarding the focus groups and a list of

frequently asked questions is presented in Appendix 9.7.

5.5.18 Information Provision and Conflict resolution

5.5.19 The study showed that for the majority of respondents in both Subdivisions, the most

reliable source of information was the radio (average of 58.7% respondents in the project area), followed by friendslfamily (18.6%). In addition, when asked whom the respondents would turn to in order to solve a community conflict, the majority of respondents (93.6%) mentioned their traditional leader.

Scoti Wilson December ZOO7

Page 86


5.6 Perceived Project Benefits

5.6.1 When asked what were the main benefits the household thought the project would bring, the majority of respondents of both Subdivisions mentioned the connection of

electricity to their houses and villages. When asked if they would be prepared to pay for the electricity, they respondents all said yes.

5.6.2 The overall development of their own villagelcommunitylcountry was also frequently mentioned. When asked to be more specific about the type of development, the

respondents mentioned mixture of factors such as other employment opportunities

brought about by the electricity, better markets and commerce and more tourism, among others.

5.6.3 As significant number of respondents mentioned work and employment as a specific

benefit of the project and urged AES SONEL to give the affected people priority with regards to employment.

5.6.4 Finally a significant number stated the project would not brirrg any benefits to them per se. This was particularly evident in the ESD.

Graph 5.6-1 - Project Benefits

Scot7 Wilson December ZOO7

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Krib~ Power Project - l5OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

6 Budget and Costs

6.1 Compensation Framework

6.1.1 As defined in Section 2 (Legislative Framework) the main Cameroonian legislation relating to compensation for resettlement are:

Law No. 851009 of 4/07/1985 on expropriation for purposes of public utility,

Ministry of Town Planning and Housing (MINUH)

Decree No 20031418 of the 25th February 2003 defines the entitlement values

for crops and trees to be removed or destroyed by a public utility

Decree No 200613023 of the 29th December 2006, Fixing the modes of Administrative Evaluation of 'The buildings in Fiscal Matters. Although

not in force yet, this decree has been utilised to evaluate building

compensation where no agreement between PAP and CEC on building price

has been reached, as it takes into account land, construction, and rental

markets, of the infrastructures as well as the urban services level, which the

building benefits from due to its geographical location.

6.1.2 This legislation defines the framework and requirements for compensation for

expropriation of land andlor assets for a public utility (in this case the Kribi to Edea

Power line and Kribi Gas Power Station). Decree No 20031418 and Decree No

200613023 define the value of crops and buildings to be expropriated by the Public Utility respectively.

6.1.3 In line with Ministerial Order No 0136N. 14.4/MINDAF/D220 and

0137N. 14.4/MINDAF/D220 of 26'h ~ u g u s t 2005, The Compensation Evaluation

Commission established for project has undertaken the following works:

Completion of a survey report signed by all the members of the CEC.

Completion of a bordering report and concerned lands plan showing the

available land titles, the lands in the process of obtaining titles, plots of public

property and the lands of state private property;

Details of the various state of constructions, crops and other valuable goods

found in the different plots signed by the technical sub-commission members

and countersigned by the commission members (the value of which have been defined by Decree No 20031418 and Decree No200613023);


Page 88


Rectification plans and reports of lands bordering of partly affected lands

detaining a land title or that are in the process of obtaining titles;

Copies and lands titles to be partially or entirely expropriated and the files of those who are in the process of obtaining titles.

6.1.4 Bridging the Gaps

6.1.5 Gaps identified between the Cameroonian Legislation and OP 4.12 are defined in

Section 2 and include provisions such as compensation to full replacement cost of

lost assets, moving allowances, income restoration and assistance to displaced

persons with their efforts to improve their livelihoods and standards of living and the

implementation of sustainable development programs to enable PAPS to share the

benefits of the project and not be worse off as a result of the project, which are not

covered under Cameroonian legislation.

6.1.6 As AES Sonel intends to attain funding from the IFC, the mechanisms outlined in

Section 7.8 will be utilised in order to bridge the gaps between PS 5 and

Cameroonian legislation.

6.1.7 The following section provides a summary of the estimated budget and costs required

to fulfil the requirements of OP4.12.

6.2 Financial Responsibility and Authority

6.2.1 All costs for resettlement, and implementation of the RAP will be the responsibility of

AES SONEL.

6.3 Compensation Budget

6.3.1 For the purposes of this RAP the Displaced persons have been defined (in line with

IFC PS5) in Section 2 and include Physically Displaced Persons and Economically

Displaced persons.

6.3.2 From the survey carried out by the CEC 75 households have been identified with

building within the proposed ROW for the project and have been classified as

Physically displaced, and a total of 596 have been classified as requiring compensation for economic displacement.

Scoff Wilson December ZOO7 Page 89


6.3.3 Physically displaced people will be entitled to a choice of feasible options for resettlement including adequate replacement housing or cash compensation and are

provided with resettlement assistance in addition to any compensation arising from

any economic displacement.

6.3.4 Economically displaced people regardless of whether or not they are physically

displaced or not will be entitled to compensation to loss of assets at full replacement

cost.

6.4 Physical Displacement

6.4.1 As outlined in Section 2 any PAPs that (i) have legal rights to the land they occupy,

(ii) who do not have formal legal rights to land, but have a claim that is recognizable

under the national laws or (iii) who have no recognizable legal right to the land they

occupy (but have moved to the area prior to the cut off date). Will be entitled to

choice of adequate replacement housing with security of tenure or cash

compensation and provided with resettlement allowances.

6.4.2 For PAPs who have recognizable legal rights to the land they occupy (i) and (ii),

resettlement property or land will be equal to or higher value than the current property

or land from which the PAPs are required to move away from.

6.4.3 Private Land

6.4.4 In line with Law No. 851009 of 410711985 Compensation for non-serviced land

acquired under customary law that enabled the holder to obtain a title, will be no more

than the minimum official rate for non-serviced state-owned land situated in the area

the land title was issued and compensation for land (Private Land) acquired by

normal legal transaction, shall be equal to the purchase price including costs incurred

in the transaction.

6.4.5 For this RAP any displaced person that has either full formal rights to the land they

occupy or have a claim to the land that is recognizable under the national laws will be provided with replacement property of equal or greater value or cash compensation at

full replacement cost of the land.


Page 90


6.4.6 Fifty-four PAPS have been identified as holding titles to land required for the project or

as having applied for land titles to their land. The total titled area affected by the project is 354, 560m2 (as evaluated by the CEC)".

6.4.7 No official government rates for land exist and the CEC has not evaluated the existing

land. As such, it is recommended that AES SONEL obtain information relevant to the

development of a fair market value for land. The rate currently used as an indication

was obtained from the Limbe Compensation Action Plan where the purchase prices

per square meter of land in the area ranged from 750 CFCA to 2000 CFCA. As such,

an average of 1,375 CFCA was used as an indication of possible costs.

6.4.8 The total estimated cost of fully replacing the titled land is 487,520,000.00 CFCA or

1,000,613.69 US$.

6.4.9 In addition AES SONEL will also support the PAP, which do not have land titles in

negotiating any new lands as well as incur any costs such as traditional gifts, needed

to obtain the land.

6.4.10 Buildings

6.4.1 1 Based upon the methodology adopted for evaluating building values adopted for this

RAP which is based upon Decree No 200613023 of December 2006 which values

buildings for tax purposes (this is only applied when no negotiated value has been

derived by the CEC and the PAP). The methodology for evaluating Building

compensation is summarised in Appendix 9.5.

6.4.12 The total estimated cost for building compensation is 193,348,243.62 for ESD,

64,751,798.57 CFCA for KSD (Transmission Line) and 27,483,700.00 CFCA for the

Power Plant in KSD. This amounts to a total of 285,583,742.19 CFCA or

593,214.91 US$.

6.4.13 Relocation Assistance

6.4.14 Relocation Assistance will be provided to all displaced persons. Assistance will be in the form of:

Land Clearance - AES SONEL will pay for local labour to clear new land for

displaced people. This will enable local people to benefit from wages due to

land clearance.

72,329 m2 of land titled in Kribi Subdivision and 282,23 1m2 in EdCa Subdivision

Scott W o n December 2007


Negotiations in obtaining new land - AES SOIVEL must provide assistance to

all PAP'S in obtaining the new land as well as incur any costs that may arise

from this negotiation. It is important to note however that the negotiation will be between the PAP and the owner of the land.

Transportation of Property - AES SONEL will make transportation available for

Displaced Persons Free of Charge.

Transportation of businesses - AES SONEL will assist in rebuilding any

businesses that might need to be reallocated, e.g. fruit stalls

6.4.15 As choices are given to PAPS in terms of cash compensation or replacement, the costs of relocation assistance are difficult to quantify, as the total number of displaced people that will opt for cash compensation is not currently known. Assuming that

there will be the requirement of 6 months of support. An estimate of

17,681,000 CFCA or 36,289.49 US$ has been developed based on costs for

developing an assistance team with transportation as well as a budget for land

clearance based (see Table 6.4-1 below).

Table 6.4-1 : Relocation Assistance Costs

6,s Economic Displacement

Activity

Truck Use

Land Clearance

Relocation Assistance Team

6.5.1 Community Land

6.5.2 Five Churches have been identified along the ROW which will have their assets

affected (crops and buildings). AES SONEL will provide the Congregation of each

affected church with a choice of cash compensation. For the two churches, which will

have their building, affected, AES SONEL will provide the construction of a new

Church or provision of an alternative structure better than the affected building. The Compensation value is based upon the tenets of Decree No 200613023 of the 29'h

December 2006 relating to the condition of the building involved and the surface area

of the building. In this case the total estimated compensation for replacing the churches is 27,000,600 CFCA or 55,417.56 US$ (13,854.39 US$ per Church).

Number

2

6881 5


Page 92

TOTAL

Rate

5000lday each

1000

5000lday each

17,681,000

Quantity Duration

180

180

36,289.49)

Total CFCA

1,800,000

6,881,000 9,000,000

Total US$

3,694.42

14,122.95

18,472.1 1


6.5.3 Two-football pitches have been identified as belonging to a school in Fifinda 1, and to

the community in Bivouba along the proposed power line. AES SONEL will build replacement pitches in the vicinity of the old pitches to a better standard and provide

football equipment to the community. The cost of undertaking this is estimated at 5,000,000 CFCA or 10,262.28 US$ per pitch, with a total of 10,000,000 CFCA or

20,524.57 US$.

6.5.4 Businesses

6.5.5 In line with the principles of OP 4.12 (to ensure PAPS are made no better off as a

result of the project) any person owning a small business that w~l l result in loss of

income or sources of income as a result of the project will be provided with options of

full replacement cost for businesses and loss of income and provided with alternative

locations situated in areas with similar infrastructures and access to markets and

demand.

6.5.6 From the Socio-economic Survey carried out by Scott Wilson in May 2007 and the

CEC Survey the majority of occupations recorded in the project area are agricultural,

and provisions for income restoration have been made within the methodology for

crops compensation.

6.5.7 Crops

6.5.8 Decree No 20031418 of the 25'h February 2003 defines the entitlement values for

crops and trees to be removed or destroyed by a public utility (See Section 2 - Legal

Framework). During the survey of crops affected by the proposed project undertaken

by the Compensation Evaluation Committee (CEC). CEC utilised Decree No

2003141 8 to evaluate total compensation values for PAP'S.

6.5.9 Decree No 20031418 defines prices for crops based on values established by the Prime Minister in 2003. The Decree does not indicate the methodology utilised for

arriving at these values and as such it is assumed that these prices were obtained based upon market conditions during the 2002 farming season.

6.5.10 In order for compensation values for crops to be inline with OP4.12 by restoring

incomes and compensating for crops at full replacement value, the following factors were taken into consideration;

For leguminous plants and cereals - Current (2007) market prices for

crops, average yields per hectare, price of seeds required for planting per hectare and number of farming seasons per year

Scon Wlson December 2007

Page 93


For Trees - Years required for growth prior to production, average production

per tree per year, price of tree products and price of a nursery tree,

6.5.1 1 All prices were determined through consultation with the Department of Agriculture in Kribi and Market Traders at Kribi market during field visits undertaken in May 2007,

as well as reviews of Voice of the Farmer publications which outline market prices for

a number of crops every month.

6.5.12 By taking into account the above factors in the methodology to determine

compensation values for crops. Due consideration was given to ensuring PAPs are

compensated for lost potential revenue from any agricultural activities using fair and up to date market prices and are provided with the full replacement cost of a

particular crop using the assumption that it will take 1 year for PAPs to be fully resettled and producing crops to the same level prior to resettlement.

6.5.13 The methodology utilised for determining compensation values for this project is outlined in Appendix 9.5

6.5.14 In some cases the value determined for this RAP is below the values defined in Decree No20031418. This may be due to the negative changes in market values for

certain types of crops. In the cases where the methodology utilised obtains lower values compared to the Decree or data about a certain plant is unavailable, the

values outlined in the Decree will be utilised as PAPs are entitled to these values by

law.

6.5.1 5 The Compensation Evaluation Commission has estimated the total cost for

compensation for Crops at 667,190,402.50 CFCA (1,369,379.40 US$). Using the methodology established for this RAP the total full replacement cost for crops lost for the project is 1,396,442,591.50 CFCA (2,866,137.94 US$)

6.6 Inflation and Currency Variations

6.6.1 All values detailed in this section have been converted into the United Sates Dollar (US$) using the average official exchange rate from the Cameroon CFCA to US$

dated theloth August 2007 of 1 US$ to 487.221 CFCA.

6,7 External Monitoring and Evaluation

6.7.1 Estimated cost of undertaking External Monitoring and Evaluation in line with the provisions highlighted in Section 7.9 is 72,790,817.40 CFCA or 149,400.00 US$ (See appendix 9.5 for estimated budget).


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Kribi Power Projecf - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kY Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

6.8 Total Compensation Costs

6.8.1 The total estimated costs for compensation are detailed below

Table 6.8-1 - Total estimated costs for compensation and associated relocation activities

Affected Assets & Associated Relocation Rate Total (CFCA)

Activities

( 1 l~rivate Land I@1,375C~CA/m21 487,520,000.00 1 $1,000,613.69 1

Lump Sum 3 Relocation Assistance Estimate I I 1 17.681.000.00 1 $36.289.49 I 2

1 4 Community Buildings

--

Buildings b s per Census 1 285,583,742.19 1 $593,214.91 1

1 5 community Land / 1 0 0 0 ~ ~ ~ A / r n 2 1 10,000,000.00 1 $20,524.57 (

I I I I

External monitoring and Lump Sum Evaluation IEstirnate 1 72,790.817.40 1 $149.400.00 1

I

6

6.8.2 The total Budget for implementing this RAP is estimated at Five Million, Nine Hundred and One Thousand, Nine Hundred and Ninety Seven American Dollares and Seventy Pence ($5,901,997.70) including a 25% Contingency

($1,180,399.54).

I I I I

Crops

Contingency (plus 25%)

Total RAP Budget


Page 95

As per Census

574,254,687.77

2,871,273,438.86

$1,180,399.54

$5,901.997.70

1,396,442,591.50 $2,866,137.94


7 Institutions and Implementation Arrangements

7.1 Introduction

7.1.1 According to the World Bank, the failure of many resettlement operations is more due

to the inability to implement the RAP adequately in order to attain the project

objectives, than the quality of the RAP itself. This is particularly true when the

organisations responsible for the implementation do not understand the RAP, as they

were not involved in its preparation and may lack an understanding of its objectives.

7.1.2 This chapter thus provides guidance on the roles and responsibilities of institutions

implementing the RAP as well as the schedule of the implementation. It will follow the

World Bank's Operational Policy on involuntary resettlement, OP4.12, which

stipulates that the analysis of the institutional framework must cover the following

areas:

Identification of agencies responsible for resettlement activities and NGOs

An assessment of the institutional capacity of such agencies

Any steps proposed to enhance the institutional capacity of agencies and

NGOs responsible for implementation.

7.2 Orgariizational Units

7.2.1 The Kribi-Edea Power Line Project goes through two politically and financially

independent Subdivisions. As such, the RAP followed the same structure and

analysed the PAP'S socio-economic characteristics and compensation requirements

by Subdivision.

7.2.2 Consequently, as the implementation of the RAP will be done by subdivision, the organisational units working in each subdivision will have the same AES SONEL

actor's but different government officers.

7.2.3 As a result, central coordination is key in maintaining the quality and the management

of the resettlement, as these can differ in each Subdivision depending on the actor's

knowledge and understanding of the RAP'S objective.

7.2.4 Furthermore, monitoring and supervision during implementation is also key to the success of the RAP.


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Kribi Power Project - 150MUr Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Reoort

7.3 Overview of Implementing Orgar~isations

7.3.1 In Cameroon, there is no single agency that has the mandate for the planning and

delivery of resettlement and compensation in cases where people are involuntarily displaced. It is however, agreed in principle that the developer (AES SONEL)

assumes the responsibility for delivery of entitlements even though a number of other

organisations may be involved as described below.

7.3.2 The implementation of the RAP will involve the combination of the following

organisations:

ESlA and RAP Coordination Unit (ERCU)

AESS Finance Department

AESS Environmental Department

Local Government Offices of Edka and Kribi Subdivisions

Grievance Redress Unit and

Other service agencies (responsible for delivering entitlements and conducting

activities specified in the RAP such as relocation, income restoration and

monitoring)


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Kribi Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Reoort

Diagram 1 - Overall Implementation Structure

PropertylLand Legal Team Community Liaison Team (& Grievance redress

officer)


Page 98


7.3.3 AES SONEL's Edea - Kribi Power line Project Department

7.3.4 AES SONEL has a department for the management of the Edea - Kribi Power line

Project including the construction and operation of the power line as well as the implementation of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment. This department

will take on the responsibilities of supervising and managing the resettlement activities. It will further create a unit inside the department specialised in environmental and social impact mitigation and resettlement activities of the project.

This will be called the project ESIA and RAP Coordination Unit (ERCU). In addition to

the ERCU, two additional departments will support the implementation of the RAP.

These will consist of the AESS Finance Department and the AESS Environment

Departmen t.

7.3.5 AESS Finance Department

7.3.6 This unit will be responsible for the overall RAP budget management and payment

activity financing. It will work in close collaboration with the ERCU as well as with the

compensation team during the payment of compensation period.

7.3.7 AESS Environment Department

7.3.8 This unit will be responsible for the implementation of the ESlA and will therefore

provide any technical support the ESlA and RAP implementation team might need.

7.3.9 ESlA and RAP Coordination Unit (ERCU)

7.3.10 This unit will be based in the Kribi Power line Project Department and have the role of

implementing the resettlement through its own network of field teams described

below:

ESlA and RAP implementation Team Compensation Team

PropertylLand Legal Team

Community Liaison and Grievance Redress Team

7.3.1 1 In addition, it will be responsible for the:


Page 99


Effective coordination and timely delivery of outputs in the RAP

implementation Problem solving related to coordination of field teams.

Responding to implementation problems identified in internal and external monitoring reports

Ensuring adequate consultation of all stakeholders Ensure that grievances that could not be solved at the field level be solved at the ERCU level. If this is not possible, ensure that the grievance is re- directed to the appropriate government bodies for the appropriate legal action.

7.3.12 Furthermore, for the ERCU office to achieve a successful implementation of the RAP

it must have the necessary knowledge, skills and decision authority. In this regard, a few suggestions are given below:

The establishment of a good communication structure between the AESS Finance Department, the ERCU, the AESS Environment Department and the field teams

in order for allow for a good information flow, support and guidance to be given to

the field officers in a timely and efficient manner.

Adequate transportation and office facilities to facilitate the communication

between the PAPS and the local field offices

The ERCU should have their own smaller budget for purchases and operational

expenses in order to avoid time consuming and inefficient institutional procedures. However larger amounts dealing with the main compensation payments (e.g. buildings and lands) will go through the AESS Finance Department budget for

better monitoring.

7.3.13 Furthermore as the local field offices are not only the direct implementers of the RAP

but also the primary contact points for the PAP, these should be equipped with the following skills:

Knowledge of the RAP and its main objectives

Participatory methods and consultations Knowledge of financial accounting and budget management

Scott Wilson December ZOO 7

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Kribi Power Project - l50MW Gas Plan! and 225kV Transmrssion Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

7.3.14 The ERCU Teams

7.3.15 As mentioned above, the ERCU will be composed of four teams with very specific

roles in the implementation of the RAP.

A) ESlA and RAP implementation Team

7.3.16 The ESlA and RAP implementation Team will work in close collaboration with the

remaining teams and will be responsible for the overall implementation, management

and coordination of the RAP activities in the field. It will also act as the management

arm of all teams and will be responsible for all reporting to the ERCU.

7.3.17 In addition, it will be responsible for the overall RAP budget management and

payment activity financing.

6) The Compensation Payment Team

7.3.18 The World Bank 12004: involuntary Resettlement Sourcebook: Planning and Implementation in Development Projects, ~2591 suggests the following measures for

payment of compensation. The implementation schedule and process has used these

measures as a basis for the practical application of the RAP.

Pay compensation into bank accounts and not directly to PAPs;

Involve local nongovernmental organisations in the compensation process;

and

Inform all household members about compensation payments

7.3.19 The main objective of the compensation payment team is to make compensation

payments to the PAPs. This team will have three main functions: (i) to keep records of

money paid (AESS Finance Department); to issue compensation payments and bank them (AESS Finance Department) and to resolve any disputes (AESS legal

Department and the Grievance Redress Officer). The Grievance Redress Mechanism

will be discussed in more detail in section 7.3.29.

7.3.20 The Compensation Team will make payments on location where there are no accessible banking facilities. All payments should be made by cheque. If possible full-

banking services should be made available on location. The accounting group will

ensure that all payments are made and that all legal documents are signed and witnessed. The Compensation Team will brief PAPs on the payment process and following the briefing go through the documentation. In the presence of the village

Scoit Wilson December 2007

Page 101


leader the accounting group must confirm that the PAP is satisfied with the payment

to be made. If the owner is dissatisfied with the payment the Compensation Team will need to refer them to the grievance redress group. The Compensation Team needs to ensure that 'photographs are taken of the PAPS receiving the cheque to guard

against fraud or future fraudulent claims.

7.3.21 The compensation team will also be in charge of collecting and recording all

compensation related reports and activities, which will then be passed on to the

ERCU for record keeping.

7.3.22 The compensation team will consist of an officer from the AESS legal department, a

community liaison officer, a local government authority and the traditional chief of the

village being compensated. The compensation team will be coordinated and managed by the ESlA and RAP implementation team.

7.3.23 The officer from AESS legal department will be present to ensure that the process is

done according to best practices and the Cameroonian law.

7.3.24 The Local government authority and the traditional leader will act as observers in

order to ensure that the process is conducted well and within the law.

7.3.25 The community liaison officer will act as an observer and will receive any

grievancestdisputes that may arise during the process.

C) 'The Property1 Land and Legal Team

7.3.26 The propertytland and legal team will be responsible for verifying the identity of the

PAPS listed in the resettlement action plan as well as dealing with any legal issues

that may arise from disputes mentioned by the grievance redress team. This team will

work closely with the AESS Legal Department as well as the other field teams.


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Kribi Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kY Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final R e ~ o r t

D) The Community Liaison Team (including the Grievance Redress Officer)

7.3.27 The key objective of this team is to ensure good project relations with both the PAPs

and local residents of the affected areas. The community liaison team will be

responsible for organizing meetings with PAPs in the locations to be resettled. This team will inform the PAPs and local residents about the resettlement and

compensation process.

7.3.28 The detailed tasks of the community liaison team will be to:

Prepare and distribute notices of meetings at least one week prior to the

meetings to local leaders and media such as radio, TV and newspapers.

Notices should be distributed in the local languages as well as in French;

Organize meetings with local government leaders at the village level and

distribute notices for general meetings to local government leaders, NGOs

and villagers;

Distribute notices, press releases at various points (such as at local

government offices, markets, schools, churches and mosques) with

summaries in local languages;

Meeting with village leaders to explain the land acquisition process and to

answer questions about the process;

Select appropriate locations for use as payment centres for compensation

payments;

Explain the compensation payment process including the benefits of using a

bank and the role of the bank.

Explain methodology used to calculate compensation values;

Present a summary of the Resettlement Action Plan to PAPs, local residents and other project stakeholders, its role and process. This must be done in

both the official and local languages.

Explain the process for resolving disputes that may arise during the compensation payment process. This will include the explanation of residents'


Page 1 03


legal rights and how to file a dispute in the legal system should they wish to

lodge a legal complaint; and

Discuss any socio-economic issues regarding the RAP that are raised by the

community.

Collecting and recording all community consultation and community related

activities (including any grievances they may encounter), which will then be

passed on to the ERCU for record keeping.

Be involved as an AES SONEL observer in the compensation payment

process.

7.3.29 Grievance Redress Officer

7.3.30 In addition, the Community Liaison Team will also be responsible for capturing and

solving any grievances and disputes that may arise from the RAP.

7.3.31 Even with an adequate implementation of the RAP and a fair compensation, some PAP will still believe they were treated inadequately or unfairly. As a result, it is

necessary to provide an accessible and credible means for PAPs to pursue any

grievances, which will then decrease the likelihood of overt resistance to the project.

This should be done through a grievance redressing mechanism.

7.3.32 This mechanism will be present at the time of payment at the payment centres and

address any disputes that may arise. 'The proposed RAP includes a mechanism to

ensure that entitlements are effectively transferred to the PAPs and there is proper

disclosure of information and consultations with the affected community. However

there is an additional need for an effective and efficient grievance redressal

mechanism, which will respond to people's queries and problems and address key

issues, concerns and complaints.

The Leqal Procedure

7.3.33 On Section Ill, Article 12 of Law number 851009

In case of dispute over the amount of compensation, the expropriated party shall lodge its complaint with the Ministry in charge of land

Scotl Wilson December 200 7

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Kribi Power Project - ISOMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmissron Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Where its request is not satisfied, the expropriated party shall refer the matter

to the appropriate court of the area of the property concerned within a month, as from the date of notification of the disputed decision

Pursuant to the procedure and subject to the normal course of appeal, the

court shall either, confirm, reduce or increase the amount of the compensation

in accordance with the evaluation terms laid down in this law and its implementation instruments.

7.3.34 In section IV under miscellaneous provisions, Article 14 states: Any cases pending

ruling or subject to dispute, and any other real actions shall neither halt the

expropriation process nor prevent its effects. The complaint shall be transferred onto

the compensation and law concerned relaxed.

7.3.35 The usefulness of the grievance mechanism is dependent on how swiftly the issues

can be resolved. Therefore at the first tier the PAPs must be informed of the

existence of the grievance mechanisms and even more important, understand how the mechanism works. As such, it is suggested that the PAPs be notified and

explained about their grievance redress options before the commencement of the

resettlement during the public consultations and that the name of the officer in charge

be presented.

7.3.36 It is expected that various types of grievances will be brought to the attention of the

grievance team from various types of PAP. As such, the mechanisms in place must

be able to reach all PAPs.

7.3.37 Under the proposed grievance procedure if a PAP is dissatisfied with any

resettlement issue, resettlement or compensation measure, the delivery of entitlements or even dissatisfied with the project he or she could voice a complaint in

the first instance to the Grievance Officer of AES SONEL (or the Community Liaison

Officer) which would also inform the traditional leader, and the local government

officer. The grievance officer together with the local government officer and the

traditional leader will try and solve the grievance within a period of seven working

days (All complains and respective actions must be recorded).


Page 105


7.3.38 If the problem is not solved within the stated period it can then be referred to the

Senior Officer at the ERCU where amicable resolution will be sought between the

ERCU and the PAP within another established period - say fourteen days - (see

diagram below). Whenever the PAP has a land title and its dispute involves his land, if the complaint cannot be resolved within the time established, then the grieving party

is free to take the matter to court as a final resort. Compensation will be paid upon

resolution of the grievance or dispute

7.3.39 The grievance team must keep a database of all grievance claims as well as the

period if took to resolve the disputes which will then be passed on to the ERCU for

record keeping.


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Kribr Power Project - 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Diagram 2 - Grievance Redress Mechanism


Page 10 7


7.4 Management Information System

7.4.1 AES SONEL will keep specified project related records pertaining to the

compensation.

7.4.2 Record Keeping

7.4.3 Records of all public consultations, surveys, grievances, disputes and resolutions will be kept on file at the ERCU offices. An electronic database will be created capturing information specific to each PAP as well as the lost assets, rates of compensation and total compensation figures, as well as data captured in the household survey and

any grievances.

7.4.4 In addition, the ERCU will also maintain records of project documents and technical

studies as well as all monitoring and evaluation reports

7.4.5 Identity Cards

7.4.6 During the Resettlement implementation, Cameroonian identity cards will be used to verify PAP. In cases were the person does not have an ID card, the project will verify the signature obtained during the Commission census with the current signature in

order to avoid any fraud. Digital photographs will be taken of all PAPs with their

compensation package for future reference and to avoid fraud claims of no

compensation.

7.5 Community Participation

7.5.1 During the RAP implementation the ERCU will adopt a more systematic public consultation process. It will seek participation of not only of PAPs, but also representatives of local authorities, community leaders, NGOs and other community/religious organizations.

7.5.2 As a first step, the consultation process will seek contribution of the affected communities in formulation and finalisation of the resettlement plan. Overall the main purposes of the participation and consultation process are to:

Provide complete and timely information to PAPs about resettlement stages, land clearance and related activities;


Page 108


Obtain the cooperation and participation of PAPs and other stakeholders in

resettlement planning and implementation;

Understandirlg the needs and priorities of PAPs regarding compensation, relocation and other activities to be undertaken

Obtaining reactions of PAPs and other stakeholders on regular basis specially on the effectiveness of policies and implementation process

Reduce the potential for conflicts, as well as the risk of project delays through the grievance mechanism

Enable the project to design the resettlement and rehabilitation program in a

manner to fit the needs and priorities of PAPs.

7.5.3 During the Commission census and the SEB survey a few consultations were held

with the PAPs and other stakeholders. Further consultations will be undertaken to ensure that information on the overall resettlement plan, implementation schedule, eligibility, entitlements and grievance mechanisms are properly understood and accepted by the affected communities.

7.6 Capacity Building

7.6.1 Considering the lack of experience of AES SONEL in resettlement implementation programmes it is recommended that its officers undergo a set of training programmes to help them implement the resettlement programme. AES SONEL can access

resource people from WB or other national agencies/universities for organising such training programmes for its officers and implementation team. Some of the key training inputs required for successful implementation of the RAP should be on the

following themes.

Resettlement policies and principles - WB policies and provisions of AES SONEL's RAP

Social survey skills, rapport building with communities and methods of assessing project impacts

Documentation and record keeping of resettlement process and disbursement of compensation and other benefits


Page 109


Training should include shadowing resettlement experts working on the RAP implementation.

Conflict resolution & participatory methods of public consultation

7.6.2 The training programmes should be timed well before the implementation process and at critical stages during the RAP implementation to equip the implementation

team for the programme.

7.7 Vulnerable People

7.7.1 Special assistance must be given to the vulnerable project affected people during the resettlement plan implementation. This group includes households headed by

women, households with disabilities, child headed households, households made up of aged members or households whose members are socially stigmatised and/or

economically marginalized households.

It is recommended that the wives accompany their husbands in all sensitisation meetings and receive compensation jointly. In case of femalelchild headed households, these should be given priority in receiving their compensation package and assistance in reallocation. With regards to the child headed households, these will be required to identify a guardian which will have to open a bank account in the name of the children. With regards to households with disabilities or aged members,

all efforts must be made so that they are able to attend all meetings and private consultations will be given when and where necessary. In addition, special care will

be given during the reallocation/moving process.

Scoff WiLFon December 200 7

Page 11 0


7.8 Implementation Schedule

Scoll Wilson December 2007

Page 111

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

9

10

11

12

Completion of Draft RAP

Approval of Draft RAP

Training of AES SONEL staff in

RAP

implementation (ongoing) --- PAPIcommunity consultation

(ongoing)

Notification of

entitlements

Payment of compensation (including

construction of buildings)

Notification to

PAPsIcommunity of

demolition of

structures and land

Demolition of old

structures and land

Replace any community facilities

(i.e. water taps) destroyed as part of requisition

Set up and

implement community

schemes (ongoing)

Grievance mechanisms and

procedures (ongoing) Performance monitoring (Ongoing)

External evaluation (bi-annual for three years)

X

X

Scott WlsonIAES SONEL

AES SONEL & World Bank

BankIResettlement

x

X X

X

X

X X X X X X

X

X X X X X X X X X X

X

X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X

X X X X X

X X X X X

Community Liaison TeamIRAP

Coordinating Unit

Community Liaison TeamIRAP Coordinating Team

Compensation &

Payment Team

Community

Liaison TeamIRAP Coordinating

Team

AES SONEU Contractors

AES SONEL

Community LiaisonTeamI Project Coordinating Team

Community Liaison Team

X E R C U

Independent Evaluator


7.9 Monitoring and Evaluation

7.9.1 Introduction

7.9.2 Monitoring is a crucial element for the success of any resettlement project as it is

important to accurately verify the information related to implementation of the

Resettlement Plan, and should be planned and costed as early as possible in the

project. The monitoring will provide feedback to project management which will help

keep the programs on schedule and successful. A monitoring schedule is presented

below in section 7.9.14.

7.9.3 Monitoring Process

7.9.4 In order to comply with World Bank requirements the overall internal monitoring

procedures will be as follows:

7.9.5 Internal performance monitoring

7.9.6 This monitoring will be based on the resettlement implementation plan and will check

that physical progress has been made in execution of required actions. Narrative

reports on progress should be produced on a monthly basis. The main performance milestones to be checked will be:

Public consultation meetings held;

Census, assets inventories, assessments and socio-economic studies

completed; Grievance and redress procedures in place and functioning;

Compensation payments disbursed;

Relocation of people completed;

Income restoration activities initiated; and

Monitoring and evaluation reports submitted.

7.9.7 Impact monitoring

7.9.8 The impact monitoring will be used to assess the effectiveness of the RAP and its

implementation in meeting the needs of the affected population. It will use socio-

economic data and census information gathered at the beginning of the project as

baseline information. Reporting should be conducted on an annual basis. The methodology for impact monitoring should involve:

Field checks of:


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Kribi Power Project - 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kY Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Payment of compensation and timing of payments;

Preparation and adequacy of resettlement sites;

Housing construction;

Provision of employment and income levels;

Adequacy of training and other support provided;

Infrastructure relocation or replacement;

Enterprise relocation, compensation and its adequacy;

Interviews with a random sample of affected people from different sites to

assess their knowledge and concerns regarding the resettlement process, their entitlements and rehabilitation:

Observer at public consultations with affected people and observe function of resettlement operation to assess compliance with RAP. Check the type

of grievance issues and the effective functioning of the grievance redress

mechanisms by interviewed aggrieved affected people and reviewing grievance and appeals processing;

Survey the standard of living of the affected people after the

implementation of Resettlement to assess whether the standards of living of affected people have improved or been maintained, using key indicators

from baseline information for comparison; and

Advise project management of changes necessary to improve

implementation of the RAP.

7.9.9 Final External Evaluation

7.9.10 According to the World Bank OP4.1 AES SONEL must supplement its internal

monitoring with an "independent monitors as considered appropriate by the Bank.

7.9.1 1 This external evaluation will assess whether compensation and other measures to restore the living standards of project-affected persons have been properly designed

and carried out. It will verify in the field some of the quantitative information submitted by the internal monitoring agency as well as using some of the impact indicators. Due

Scott Wlson December ZOO7

Page 113

Krrbr Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Trammrssron L~ne - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

to the vested interest in reporting smooth implementation by the internal monitors, an

external independent third party should be responsible for this evaluation.

7.9.12 There are various entities such as NGOs, research institutions, consultancy firms and others that qualify as an appropriate external monitoring agency, however these must

have the following essential requirements: (i) Experience in World Bank and/or IFC

projects dealing with resettlement issues (ii) Monitoring and evaluation of socio-

economic projects (ii) experience in socio-economic studies using quantitative and

qualitative methods (iii) experience in livelihood restoration with particular focus on

vulnerable groups. Experience in working in Cameroon is preferable but not essential.

7.9.13 The RAP Team and the monitoring agency will discuss and agree upon a

methodology for the external monitoring for the RAP.


Page 114


7.9.14 Internal Monitoring Schedule

Activities

Monitoring

Monitoring

Audit

Objective

Assess the progress of the RAP implementation in terms of the executions of the recommended actions. Measurement of input

indicators against proposed timetable and

budget.

effectiveness of the RAP and its implementation in

meeting the needs of the affected population including PAP satisfaction with inputs.

Measurement of output indicators such as

restoration of living standards and the development impact

against the baseline. Verification in the field of some of the quantitative information submitted by the internal monitoring.

Source of information

Consultation with affected people. Narrative reports on progress of RAP implementation. Financial reports

regarding RAP implementation.

Qualitative and

quantitative surveys of PAPS

Review of grievance mechanism reports. Regular public

consultation Main performance reports

Main performance

reports lmpact monitoring

reports, independent

surveys and consultation with affected people

Responsibility for Data

collection, analysis and

reporting

ESlA and RAP Coordination Unit (ERCU)

ESlA and RAP Coordination

Unit (ERCU)

Contracted external agency

1 Frequency of Reports

and Audience of Reporting

1

Monthly narrative reports Monthly financial reports Two main performance

reports per year. Audience: Top Management of Kribi

Project

ERCU Lenders

Annual Reports Audience: Top Management of Kribi

Project

ERCU Lenders

I

Twice a year for the next 1 three years after the RAP

has been completed,

starting upon completion of the RAP.

Audience: Top Management of Kribi Project ERCU

1 Lenders

Scoff Wilson December ZOO7

Page 115


8 References

AES SONEL. 2003. Cameron Limbe Power Project - Compensation action plan. wbln0018.worldbank.orql,..l779b7621 dd00f96085256dc70079b5aal$FILEICAP%20Mainoh2ORe~ort%2O-

%20Final.pdf

Baka Pygmies htt~:Ilwww.p~qmies.infol

Centre for International Forest Research (CIFOR) "Forest Dwellers on the Brink"

http://www.cifor.c~iar.orq/Publications/Corporate/NewsOnlinelNewsOnline34ldwellers. htm

Chad Export project. Cameroon Report of the External Compliance Monitoring Group.

htt~://www.if~.orq/ifcext/enviro.n~f/AttachmentsByTitle/ecmq3 enq/$FILE/3enqlish.pdf

Country Analysis Brief, 2007, "Chad and Cameroon" www.eia.doe.qov

DSCN. 1997. ECAM 1 1996,Yaounde, MINEFI.

DSCN.1998. Annuaire statistique du Cameroun 1997,Yaounde, MlNEFl

DSCN. 2001. Annuaire statistique du Cameroun 2000,Yaound6,MINEFI.

DSCN. 2002.ECAM II Rapport principal 2001 ,YaoundB,MINEFI

Dugast I, 1949."lnventaire ethnique du Sud Carneroun". Yaounde, Centre IFAN du Cameroun,l49 p. mem.

IFAN,N01

Hand on/lVE/ITDG.2004. "Money Grows on Trees". htt~://www.tve.orq/ho/doc.cfm?aid=l524&lanq=Enqlish

Hathaway, Terri, 2005, "Lom Pangar Dam, Cameroon"

htt~://www.irn.orqlproqramsllompanqar/pdf/O50105lpfact.pdf'

INS. 2004. Annuaire statistique du Cameroun. 2003. Yaounde, MINEPAT

lnstitut National de la Statistique. 2005. Enquete Demographique et de Sante, Cameroun 2004. Ministere de la Planification, du Developpement et I'Am6nagement du Territoire

lnstitut National de la Statistique.2006. lndicateur socio - demographique de base au Cameroun, Projet donnees

actualisees CMR/04/02/04.

FAO, "Cameroon and the Organic Sector"

http://www fao.org/DOCREP/004/Y 1669E/yl669eOi. htm

FAO. 2004. "Land Reform- Land Settlement and Cooperative: A survey of indigenous land tenure in Sub-Sahara Africa". Volume 1. ft~://ftp.fao.orq/docrep/fao/007/v5407t/y5407tOO.~df


Page 11 6


MINPAT. 2000. Etudes socio-bconomiques rbgionales au Cameroun. Province du Littoral, Yaoundb. Projet

PNUD-OPS CMR/98~005/01199.92 P.

MINPAT (2000) Etudes socio-bconomiques rbgionales au Cameroun,Province du Sud,Yaoundb, Projet PNUD-

OPS CMR/98//005/01/99,89P.

Ministry of Environment and Forestry of Cameroon. "lndigenous People ("Pygmies") Development Programme for

the Forestry and Environment Sectoral Program." (IPP86)

Ministry of Finance of Cameroon. 2002. ""Conditions de vie des populations et profil de pauvretb au Cameroun en

2001 - Rapport Principal de I'ECAM 2".

PlanningIResettlement Solutions. 2002, "Resettlement Action Plan for the BTC Pipeline in Azerbaijan" http:11ww.bp.com/qenericarticle.do?cateqold=9006631 Bcontentld=7013911

Perenco Cameroun S.A. 2006. EIE Projet de dbveloppement du gaz du champs Sanaga Sud.

Rupp, S. 2003. "Interethnic relations in Southeastern Cameroon: challenging the "hunter-gatherer" - "farmer"

dichotomy" African Study Monographs, Supp1.28: 37-56.

Scott Wilson, 2007, "Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report for the Kribi Power Project. Cameroon"

Scott W~lson, 2007, "Resettlement Action Plan for the Tanzania Railways Cooperation"

Schreckenberg. K; Awono, A; Degrande, A; Mbosso, C; Ndoye, 0 ; Tchoundjeu, Z. 2006, "Domesticating

lndigenous Fruit Trees as a Contribution to Poverty Reduction". Forests, Trees and Livelihoods Journal. Vol. 16, pp. 35-51.

SMEC, 2006. "Resettlement Action Plan for the "Ethiopia-Sudan Power System Interconnection ESIA"

Njifondou, D., Folack J., Njock J. C ., Bondjia M., Njamen D., 1985.Enquete-cadre et btude socio-economique de la peche artisanale maritime au Cameroun.Rapp.Contrat de service DIPAIFAOICRHOUDIRPECH T I resultats 4

pp+ annexes T2, rbpertoire des campements et villages de peche,l93 pp.

Stone, J. 2006, "The Baka Pygmies of Cameroon" http://www.articlecity.com/articles/travel and leisurelarticle 2651 .shtml

Soltau. K.S. 2003. "Plan de developpement des peuples pygmbes pour le programme national de dbveloppement participatif ( PNDP)" ww.wds.worldbank.orq/ ... /WDSP/IB/2003/07/12/000094946 03070712233780/Rendered/lNDEX/multi0paqe.txt

Tamache J.2000. "Population et dbveloppement dans la province du Littoraln.Rapport d'analyse.

World Bank "Life Expectancy" http://www.worldbank.orq/depweblenqlishlmodules/social/life/index.html

World Bank. 2004. "Community Development Program Support Project - AC127. h t t p : / /W- wds.worldbank.orqlse~let/WDSContentSe~er~DSP/lB/2004102/19/000104615 2004021 909201 3IRenderedlPD FllSDSOP073629.pdf

Scort Wilson December ZOO7

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Krrb~ Power Project - 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

9 Appendix

9."tpiperldix A: Photos and Maps


Page 118


9.2 Appendix B: The Selection Process

C.l The Selection Process

9.2.1 The Compensation census provided information regarding the project affected people

and their respective affected assets. This information was split into the different villages and the different categories of affected assets as seen in the Tables below

(See Table 9.2-I& Table 9.2-2 below).

9.2.2 Note that these tables are currently outdated as more information was obtained

during the SEE survey, which have decreased the number of affected people.

Table 9.2-1 ESD - Number of Affected Households per Village

Table 9.2-2 KSD - Number of Affected Households per Village


Page 11 9

Kribi Power Projecf - 150MW Gas Planf and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

9.2.3 The selection of the 250 affected households required for the SEB survey was done

following the same proportion of the categories of affected asset per village. In other words, the same numbers above were used and applied with a 0.36 ratio, which was

obtained from dividing 250 households with the existing 703 affected households (see

Table 9.2-3 & Table 9.2- below).

Table 9.2-3 ESD - Number of Affected Households per Village selected for the Socio-Economic Survey

1. Has land title . Has land title and crops I 1 I 1 I 0 I 1 1 1 1 0 1 I 1 3 1 1 1 10 1 2.74 1 3.92

13. HasLandtitleand house I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 1 0.10 1 0.15

lhas crops and house L I U u

otal HH per Village

hota~ HH per province I 130 I I 1 I

Table 9.2-KSD - Number of Affected Households per Village selected for the Socio-Economic Survey

9.2.4 Once the exact number of households was obtained per village, a random selection of households per category was done. The names of the head of the households were sorted alphabetically and every third name was chosen starting from the first

name. Additional names were also chosen in case the first chosen households were not available or did not want to do the SEB survey. This additional list was obtained

following again the three-name procedure but started from the second name on the list.


Page 120


9.3 Appendix C: Additional Socio-Economic characteristics of Project

Area

C.l Relationships between ethnic groups and linguistics features of some provinces in Cameroon

I Province of origin I Ethnic grol

1 WEST

1 Mbatcharn I 1 1 1 Mbabadjou

Bafang Balefok Bafou Bulu

SOUTH

LITTORAL

I 1 1 Fang

Beten Binoho

Evouzok

BATANGA

BAKA

MAB l

BASSA

Mabi Mabi Mabi kwaschior

Baka Baguiele Badjele

Bassa

Bakoko

MPO'O BASSOBALIKOL BAVEC ND JABAN E NYABl OKAK MALIMBA


Page 121

Bassa babirnbi Bassa bilteg Bakoko adie Bakoko yakalack Bakokoyassoukou

Sonkouri Elongasse Mpo'o Bassobalikol Bavec Ndjabane Nyabi Okak Malirnba

NORTH

CENTRE

1

SAWA

FOULBE

BANENG

BAFlA

Yabassi Yernba Foulbe Baneng Bapougou Bafia


C. 2 Additional Information regarding the main ethnic groups found in the Project

Area

Bassa ethnic aroup:

Bassa babimbi means Bassa people from babimbi village and they speak the Bassa

language.

Bassa bilteg means Bassa people from Bilteg village and they speaking the Bassa

Language.

Bakoko adie, Bakoko yakalak, and Bakoko yassoukou are languages of the Bassa

ethnic group and they can be grouped into Bakoko as their main language. In

addition, the second name after Bakoko is a Bassa village so for example Bakoko

adie or Bassa Babimbi means Bassa people from Adi6 village or Bassa People from Babimbi village.

Bamileke ethnic group:

Mbouda and Mbandja are Bamileke villages speaking respectively Mbouda and

Mbandja languages. They are part of the Bamileke ethnic group.

Mbeti ethnic group:

Bulu, Eton, Ewondo, Evouzok, Fang, belong to Mbeti ethnic group.

Mabi, and Mabi kwaschior can be grouped into Mabi as a main language.

Mbeti is not a language, but an ethnic group of South province.


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Kribi Power Project - 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transrnrssion Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

C.3 Income Levels

Income levels by Province and Village

Scoti Wlson December 200 7

Page 123


C. 4 Education

Schools Attended by ESD and KSD Respondents


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Kribi Power Project - I5OMW Gas Plant and 225kY Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Ecole Pilote de Edea Ecole Pilote d'Ekite 21 Ecole Pilote d'Ekite Edea Ecole Primaire de Beon

3, 11

7 Ecole Prive Mme Moukoko d 1 1

Ecole Primaire Mekoko

IEcole Saint Martin de Pongo

ol 1

Ecole Superieure de Technologie

EP de Bonguen 2 EP de Centre 1

Ecole Principale de Koukoue

IEP de Dehane d

1

EP de Dombe 1 EP de la aare 1

EP de Malimba urbain EP de Mbanda EP de Nriou

IEP d'Ekite Pilote 4

EP de Pilote

0 0 0

-

2

EP Ekite EP Elogbatindi

2 4 2

EP d'Ekite 4 13

EP dlElogbatindi 321

- -- -

/EP Koukoue , 1 111

EP Fifinda 1

EP Londji 91

EP Edea

121

I ~ ~ ~ b a n d a Bisseke 4

I I

[S;O d'Edea Fo e Presbiterienne d'Edea Fo er Kantel Fo er Tanier d'Edea Institute Pasteur d'Edea 0 I ST 0 1

EP Fifinda 2

l~ycee Bilingue de Ekite 01

d

Scon WiLson December ZOO7

Page I25

cee Bilingue de Kribi d cee Bilingue d'Mea I d 1

Krib~ Power Project - l5OMW Gas Plant and225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Unfortunately no information was obtained regarding the school's education level or their location.


Page 126


9.4 Appendix D: Definition of categories in open-ended questions

D.l Question: If you have to be resettled by the project where would you go?

The main locations categories mentioned were:

Further from the oriqinal location: The respondent will look for land in the forest to move into, which implied a certain distance from hislher original location

Near to oriqinal location: The respondent will look for land to move into, near the original location of hislher houseldestroyed fieldslcurrent fields

Anywhere: For the respondent it is not important where he will move into

He refuses to movelhe will not move anywhere else

Another Villaae

D.2 Question: Why did you choose the above location?

The main reasons given for the above choices were divided into the following 12

categories as summarised below:

Good conditions: The new location has fertile land, sufficient rainlsun to obtain the same quality and quantity level cultures he lost

Lack of Monev: The respondent has no money to get a better locationlto prepare the fields in time for the farming seasonlto feed his children

Safetv: The respondent is worried about the safety of his family due to the high power tension cables that will be constructed, or he is worried that he will be moved again.

Proximity of previous location: The respondent prefers to stay close to his original fieldlhouselpropertyll is staying in his own fields/house/property/forest/ land

Compensation ~ackaae: Once the respondent has received the compensation for his loss, he will be able to move in and start the farming operation;

Land availability: The respondent cannot find a suitablelfertilelfree land in the location he prefers. Only land available is where he chose

Own Villaae: The respondent will return to his own village to find a suitable IandIHe will stay in his own village


Page 127


Healthlold aae: The respondent suffers from lack of strength1 health conditionslold ageldisability which affects his agriculture productivity

Owns the LandIHouselPropertv: The respondent owns the landlhouselproperty he is going to move into

Employment: The respondent is going to look for employment

Will not cultivate: The respondent chooses not to cultivate again and do another activity

Availability of land space: The respondent is looking for land with enough space to cultivate

D.3 Question: What concerns do you have about being resettled?

Main concerns mentioned:

Fertile land: The respondent's main concern is that the new land needs to be

fertilelgood land

Availabilitv of food: The respondent's main concern is the availability of the food

between the period of reallocation and until he starts collecting the produce.

Cultures produced cannot be conserved for that long.

Safetv: The respondent's main concern is regarding hislhis family's safety due to

the high-tension power line being constructed

Disappointment: The respondent has feelings of disappointment, discontent and

frustration mainly due to the fact that his fieldslpropertylhouse are going to be

destroyedlloss of income that will affect his daily activities1 has to leave his family

land1 tombs. He can also be disappointed due to the time it takes to start a new

plantationlbuilding a new house

No Concerns: The respondent does not have any concerns regarding the

reallocation

Similar Conditions: The respondent's main concern is that he will not have the

same conditions regarding his fieldslcultures produced and respective quantities1 treeslhouselproperty as he has now

Land title: The respondent's main concern is that he will not be compensated for his cultures due to the fact that he doesn't have a land title or that his land title will not be recognised nor considered.


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Kribi Power Project - ISOMW Gas Plant and 22SkV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Religious places: The respondent's main concern is that he is unclear about the

situation regarding the fieldslcultureslproperty of the religious places

Evaluation of crops: The respondent's main concern is that the evaluation of the cropsllandlbuildings was not done properly

Construction of houses: The respondent's main concern is that AES SONEL will not build his house

Sacred ulacesltreesltombs: The respondent's main concern is regarding what will

happen to his (access to) sacred placeltreesltombs

Distance of new land: The respondent's main concern is the distance of the new

land as they prefer to be closer to their current fields/house/villagelschoolslheaIth centreslroads

Compensation: The respondent's main concern is when they will receive their compensation package. Some add that they need it to start the preparations for

the reallocation. The compensation process must be done well with no corruption.

HealthIOld Aqe: The respondent's main concern is how he will reallocate and prepare his new land/house/property due to lack of strength1 health conditionslold

ageldisability

Medicinal plantslherbs: The respondents main concern is the lack of certain

medicinal plants and herbs he uses in his new location

Constructionlend of project: The respondents main concern is that he must wait for the construction of the line to finish in order to choose a nearby land to start preparing. But so far the construction has not started.

Field split: The respondents main concern is that his field will be split into several

parts as the line goes through it. This is connected with safety of the respondent, as he must cross the line to go from one field to another.

Pavments overdue: The respondent's main concern is that his payments will be overdue between the time he has to stop cultivating until he receives money to start cultivating again and get the returns from it

Unknown location of the new landlhouse: The respondent's main concern is that he doesn't know where he will move to.

Scott Mlson December 2007

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Kribi Power Project - 150MW G a s Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

9.5 Appendix E: Methodology used for Compensation Calculations

Buildings

Crops

External Monitoring and Evaluation


Page 130

Kribi Power Projecl - 15OMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

9.6 Appendix F: Database of affected people

Database of Affected people without Costs

Database of Affected people with Costs


Page 131

Kribr Power Project - 150MW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

9.2 Appendix G: Focus group transcripts


Page 132


9.8 Appendix H: Questionnaire


Page 133

Kribi Power Project - lSOMW Gas Plant and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final R e ~ o r t

9.9 Appendix 1: Terms of Reference for the RAP


Page 134

Krrbi Power Projecl- 15OMWGas Plan1 and 225kV Transmission Line - Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan Final Report

Scott Mlson December ZOO7

Page 135

Note from World Bank to be inserted after page I35 o f Kribi Resettlement Plan

Chapter 9 - The Appendix of the Kribi Resettlement Action Plan, which is being disclosed in the World Bank's Infoshop, shows blank pages for Appendices A, E, F, G, H and I. These appendices were prepared and submitted to the World Bank in separate ,files.

The World Bank has added the following Appendices back into the document, after page 135 o f the Kribi Resettlement Plan:

Appendix A: Photos and Maps

Appendix E: Methodology used for Compensation Calculations

Appendix G: Focus group transcripts

Appendix H: Questionnaire

Appendix I: Terms of Reference for the RAP

The World Bank did not add appendix F, the database of affected people, to the Kribi Resettlement Action Plan because it contains personal data. This data is available for public viewing at the World Bank Public Information Center in Yaounde, Cameroon, and AES Sonel offices in Kribi and Douala, Cameroon.

Scott Wilson www.scottwilson.com

AES SONEL

KRlBl POWER PROJECT ESlA

PROJECT LOCATION PLAN D110687-101-1

LllTORAL PROVINCE

Ropwed Powerline

Rovincial Boundary

AES SONEL KRlW POWER PROJECT

UTML'JGS 1964 MllE 32R RESSETLEMENT ACTION PLAN

AES Sonel Kribi Power Project

Cameroon Resettlement Action Plan

PHOTOGRAPHS



Figure 2 Surveyor conducting questionnaire

Figure 3 Anglican Church

Scott Wilson Ltd

AES Sonel Camer Kribi Power Project Resettlement Action 1

Figure 4a 7th Day Adventist Church - EBE LO 010 80 009

Figure 46 7th Day Adventist Church - EBE LO 010 BO 009

Scott Wilson Ltd



Figure 5 Kola Women

Figure 6 Kola House

Scott Wilson Ltd



Crop Price Evaluation at Kribi Market

Bananas for Sale at Kribi Market

Scott Wilson Ltd

AES Krib

Sonel i Power Project

Camc Resettlement Action

?roan

Plan -

Existing Power Line at Mpolongwe

Road Between Kribi and Edea

Scott Wilson Ltd



Bridge over the Nyong River

Scott Wilson Ltd

1 Methodology used to calculate the value of Temporary Crops

In order to evaluate the amount of compensation to be provided to PAPS as a result of land

take due to the project. The following methodology was utilised for Temporary crops.

4.1 Temporary Crops

Temporary crops include Leguminous cereal and garden crops such as Maize, Soya, Cassava, potato, and sweet potato which are typically sown and harvested during the same agricultural year, sometimes more than once. These constituted the main primary crops'

produced in the project area.

Assumptions:

As leguminous, cereal and garden crops are typically both sown and harvested during the same agricultural year, sometimes more than once and due to the density of planting

regimes. These crops are extremely difficult to count on a plant-by-plant basis, making

compensation by plant extremely difficult.

Due to these two factors the following assumptions have been made:

Given that the reallocation time, upon the publication of an expropriation decree

(Arficle 3 Law No. 85/009 of 4/07/1985) is 6 months, and the different number of farming seasons for the different crops that occur in the year. It is practically impossible to time the reallocation with the commencement of one season for all the

different crops. As such, the value of the compensation will be calculated assuming a one-year impact on the household crop production.

Due to the density of planting regimes, average crop densities per hectare and their

production potential have been established by the Department of Agriculture in Cameroon and by Voice of the Farmer Publications on yields for crops. This information has been utilised to establish the compensation value for these types of crops per hectare taken for the project.

Methodolonv:

The value of temporary crop production per household was calculated using the following methodology:

I Primary crops are those, which come directly from the land and without having undergone any real processing, apart from cleaning. They ma~ntain all the biological qualities they had when they were still on the plants. (FAO: http:llwww.fao.or~es~ess/rmcrops.asp)

1. The area of land utilised for each crop produced (AC) per household was surveyed and recorded - this was undertaken by the compensation commission during the first

census

2. The average yield per hectare (Y) for each crop was established through liaison with

the Department of Agriculture and publications from the voice of the ~ a r m e P

3. The potential production of a particular crop for a particular household was established by multiplying the area utilised for that crop (AC) by the average yeild of

the same crop per hectare (Y).

Crop Production per household (CP) (z)= AC(z) x Y(z)

4. The price of the crop per Kg/g/ton/cup/bag/unit was established through liaison with

the Department of Agriculture, review of publications from the Voice of the Farmer

Magazine and through consultation with marketeers in Kribi. The price of the crop

per Kg/g/ton/cup/bag/unit was then multiplied by the total production expected from

that particular crop by that household (CP) to get the value of the crop for that

household (VP).

Value of Crop (VP)(Z) = CP(Z) x P(z)

5. Depending on the number of seasons (S) that might occur for each type of crop in

one year. The number of seasons per year were multiplied by the value of the

production to give Total Value of Production for theCrop(TVP):

6. Through liason with the Department of Agriculture and the Voice of the Farmer, the

quantity (QS) and cost of seeds (CS) required per hectare for each crop was defined. Therefore per hectare lost to the project the follwoing calculation was used and the result added onto the Total Value of Production based on the assumption that PAPS will require new seed to plant in ressettled areas.

Planting Cost (PC) (Z, = CIS(^, x CS(z,) x No of hectares(Ha,~) x Seaons in one year (S)(Z)

7. Therefore the Grand Total Value of Compensation per hectare (GTVC) is equivalent

to the Total value of lost Production for 1 year per hectare plus the Planting Cost for

one year per hectare.

GTVC = TVP+ PC)

La Voix du Paysan - Recueil de Fisches Techniques Pour L 'Entrepreneuer Rural Tome 2 Edition 2001

8. Given that one household might have different crops (in the same or different plots),

the grand total value of the crop production per household is a simple addition of all

the GTVC's for each crop.:

1.2 Methodology used to calculate the value of Permanent Crops

Permanent Crops

Permanent crops are sown or planted once and will not be replanted after each annual

harvest. The main permanent crops in the project area were fruit trees and medicinal plants. Main fruit trees include citrus trees (orangellemon), mango, and guava trees. The majority of medicinal trees were not identified in terms of their common name.

Assumptions:

Due to the lack of information regarding the actual age of the existing trees, and given the fact

that mature trees are considered slightly more valuable by Decree No 20031418 of the 25th February 2003, the same logic was applied in the calculations. As such, young trees were

considered as being in their first year of production (as these produce considerably less in the

first year of production then when they are in full production3), whilst adult trees were

considered to be in their second year of production.

Methodoloqv:

With regards to the calculations used to obtain the current value of permanent crops, information was obtained from the compensation commission census, department of agriculture in South Province and local markets.

The compensation commission census provided the following information per household: Type of tree (Local name)

Maturity of tree (Adult or young) Condition of tree (Wild, local, improved) Quantity of tree (number of individual trees)

The department of agriculture in the South Province provided the following general information for both the South and Littoral Province and for each type of tree:

Number of growth years until it reaches production Number of production years

3 According to the department of Agriculture in the South Province

Cost of a small plant (including the cost of labour, fertilisers, water, to reach the size of a small plant) Annual Yield per tree Average market price per Kg/g/ton/cup/bag/unit

In order to determine the value of the permanent crops, the following methodology was used:

1. Given that permanent crops take longer to achieve the production stage, these "waiting years" must be taken into account as lost production, assuming that if the tree was not destroyed, it would be producing for those years. The waiting years for tree A = W(A)

2. Given the difference in tree maturity (young or adult), one or two years must be added to the waiting years as such:

Young Tree A: Young years (w)= W(A)+ 1 Adult Tree A: Adult years (ay) = W(A)+ 2

3. Once the overall number of years have been obtained, the total yield (TY) for tree A

must be calculated:

Total Yield (TY(,)) = Average Yield,~)x W(A) or ay(A)

Note that even though the first year of production has a lower yield, it was assumed for the calculation that it had the same yield as the remaining years. As such, the only difference between a young and an adult tree is an additional production year.

4. The production cost (PC(A)) of tree A is obtained by multiplying the TY,,) with the

average market price (P(A))

5. In addition, to the PC, the household should also receive a similar quantity of plant trees (QP) in saplings to get the Grand Total Production Cost (GTPC)

GTPC (A) = PC (A) + QP (A,

6. Given that one household might have different trees (in the same or different plots), the grand total production cost (GTPC) per household is:

GTPC (A) + GTPC (B) + GTPC (c) +... = GTPC (A+B+c+...)

"1.3 Further Assumptions for both Temporary and Permanent

Crops:

Due to the fact that some temporary and permanent crops are indigenous trees and crops, there is very limited information regarding average production yields, market

prices, years of production, etc. As such, for the crops that information is lacking, the

consultants :

1. put the crop into their respective category, e.g. cereals, legumes, tubercules, medicinal plants, fruit trees, etc..

2. Obtained the average percent increase or decrease per category, when compared to the 2003 decree prices per crop

3. Applied the same average increaseldecrease to the average 2003 decree prices for the crop

2 Compensation Methodology for Buildings

Building compensation values were determined in line with Decree No2006130231PM of

December 29,2006 (Fixing the modes of Administrative Evaluation of The buildings in

Fiscal Matters) or through negotiated agreements between the CEC and PAPS.

Principles of Decree No 200613023

The main principle of Decree No 200613023 is that the determination of value of

buildings is undertaken by taking into account the land, construction, and rental

markets, of the infrastructures as well as the urban services level, which the

building benefits from due to its geographical zone.

'The Decree defines ten geographical Zones listed below:

- Zone 1 : Douala and Yaounde very smart districts;

- Zone 2: Douala and Yaounde smart districts; - Zone 3: Douala and Yaounde other city centre districts;

- Zone 4: Other districts on the close periphery of Douala and Yaounde; - Zone 5: Other districts on the distant periphery of Douala and Yaounde; - Zone 6: City centre districts of the provincial big cities;

- Zone 7: Districts on the periphery of the provincial big cities; - Zone 8: City centre districts of the small and medium provincial cities; -Zone 9: Districts on the periphery of the provincial medium and small cities;

- Zone 10: Inhabitant rural zones.

The buildings found in the ROW are located in Zones 9 and 10 and are subject to the provisions of Section 4 of Decree 200613023.

Under Article 8 (Decree 200613023) For the determination of the administrative monetary values of imposition of the constructed buildings, the criteria and parameters evaluation are as follows:

- Type of construction;

- Construction values per type; - Balancing coefficients of the constructions value per construction type;

A - Types of construction

The buildings are classified in five (5) types as follows, according to their architecture, of the quality of the material used and of the level of the completion observed:

Type 1: High Standing - Constructed building on level, villa or apartment built of high standards with definitive completion materials.

Type 2: Standing - Constructed building on level, villa or apartment in built of comfortable

definitive completion materials.

Type 3: Standard - Villa or apartment built of definitive standard completion materials.

Type 4: Semi Hard - Constructions built of semi-hard middle completion materials.

Type 5: Temporary - Construction built of temporary completion materials.

B. Values for each type of Construction

The average price of the square meter built for each constructional type has been determined through the observation of market values as follows:

- type 1 more than 145 000 Flm2

- type 2 from 90 001 to 145 000 Flm2

- type 3 from 45 001 to 90 000 Flm2 - type 4 from 20 001 to 45 000 FIm2 - type 5 from 7000 to 20 000 FIm2

The gross administrative monetary value of the constructions is calculated by applying to the built surface, the price of the square meter according to the constructional type.

The majority of Buildings within the ROW are defined as type 3, 4 or 5 and where no

agreed value has been determined between the CEC and PAPS, these values have been

utilised.

C -The pondering coefficients of the construction value

Under Section C of the Decree the gross administrative monetary value calculated as mentioned above, can be reduced by the following coefficients, to obtain the administrative monetary value of imposition for the constructed buildings:

A) The depreciation coefficient for absence of connection to the water adduction networks = 0,10

B) The depreciation coefficient for absence of connection to the electric network = 0,05

c The depreciation coefficient for absence of the telephone network = 0, 02

D) The depreciation coefficient for accessibility = Good: 0, Average: 0, 1 and Bad: 0,2

E) The depreciation coefficient for state of appearance = Good: 0,Average: 0, 3 and Bad: 0, 5

In summary the calculation for Buildings Compensation is as follows

Area of Building (width x length) m2 X Type of Construction (Type 1 -5) X (1- (Coefficient A+B+C+D+E)) = Total Compensation Value

3 Budget Estimate for the External Monitoring and Evaluation

Activity

Evaluator's Fees

Travel

Per diems

Miscellaneous (Communicationslprintinglp hotocopying)

Total(CFCA)

58,466,520.00

5,554,319.40

5,846,652.00

2,923,326.00

Unit

Day

Trip

Day

Trip

Quantity

I 2 O

6o

72,790,817.40

Unit Price (USD)

1,000.00

1,900.00

200.00

1,000.00

(USD)

120,000.00

11,400.00

12,000.00

6,000.00

Grand Total 149,400.00

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D.2 Transcripts

Village: Malimba Urbain 1

Date: 05.06.07 Time: 13:45 - 16:OO

Number of participants: 12

Question I

Five out of 12 participants requested the option of receiving money from AES SONEL instead of being reallocated and their house constructed for them by AES SONEL. The remaining participants all

expressed that they would like AES SONEL to build them a new house with better material. However one person requested the house to have the same dimensions as the current house. The remaining

expressed their desire to have a bigger family house. Some participants even mentioned the number of rooms that they would like and these ranged from 6 to 12. All the participants that chose the construction instead of the money, stated that their new house should have all the comforts that their current house has, this meant that if the house to be destroyed had electricity, water, TV reception.

phone network, proximity to roads, proximity to their children's schools orland their work then the new house should also have the same thing. In addition, some expressed their desire to remain close to the

previous house.

Question I I

When asked the location of the new house, the people that asked for money instead of the construction

of their new house by AES SONEL stated that they would find their own land somewhere else and that

AES SONEL did not have to do anything in this regard. The remaining participants stated that if there was no compensation for the land, and then they would require AES SONEL's support in finding the land, negotiating and preparing if for construction. Some participants had the idea that this new land

would be purchased by AES SONEL as they had also purchased the previous land, even though they had no land title. Finally, these participants also expressed their wish that AES SONEL find them a land

not very far from their current activities such as children's school, work, road, and others.

One participant said that his house that was going to be destructed was not the house he was living in

and therefore he would remain in that house and use the money for something else. AES SONEL did

not have to find him another land.

Question Ill

All participants expressed their willingness to know exactly when AES SONEL would give the compensation, as that would determine the period for their reallocation. However, when they received the information that according to the Cameroonian law, they had a maximum period of 6 months to reallocate from the moment they received the compensation, all said that they would respect the time stipulated by the law. Nevertheless, there was some concern regarding the weather season, as that would affect the construction time. In other words, if they received the compensation during the raining

season, the construction time would not be possible during the six months predicted due to the constant

rain.

Question IV

When asked about any possible disabilities that they would like AES SONEL to pay particular attention

to, many of the participants mentioned their own old age as a physical problem. More specifically there were four people with physical handicaps out of 12 respondents. And four people mention that they had family members that were very old and had difficulty moving and therefore would require special assistance. It is important to note that some of the old family members mentioned were not permanent

members of the household.

Question V

When asked about any concerns they might have due to the reallocation, the main concern were about the location of the new land. Their main worry was that this would affect their daily activities and even

increase their daily expenditures. As such participants mentioned the proximity to their children's

schools, their place of work, their access to the road, electricity and water as some of the factors that should be taken into consideration when choosing the new land.

One person was concerned about when they would receive the compensation or know the new land

they would be reallocated too, as he needed to matriculate his children in the school and could not wait for too long otherwise their children would loose their place in the current school. In addition, if he did

matriculate them and then was reallocated to a much further location, their children would need to change schools and he would need to pay again.

Some people were also concern if the compensation for their houses would reflects the prices of today's material.

One particular person was concern about the affected people's mental stability during the reallocation process and believe that the reallocation should be accompanied by a certain moral assistance that could be given in the form of additional material goods necessary for their well being.

Question VI

The majority of the participants stated they would prefer to leave their graves untouched where they were. In addition, they would like AES SONEL to demarcate them in order for them to be visible during

the construction period and therefore minimise the risk of being tempered with.

Only one participant expressed his wish to have his grave reallocated to the new site and was happy to receive AES SONEL's assistance in this reallocation

All participants understood that they would not receive any compensation for their graves if they were to be reallocated, as AES SONEL would provide this service.

Question VII

= The participants were given time to answer any questions that they might have regarding the reallocation. To some of these questions the team was able to provide an adequate answer however to others, these were only noted down. All of the questions posed are expressed below.

When will they receive their compensation package?

Would AES SONEL compensate them for additional costs that came about due to the reallocation

such as the matriculation of their children in a different school due to the position of the current location after being matriculated in one school?

Will there be any more studies after this one? Will there be a new commission coming?

Will AES SONEL provide them with transport for them to move their material assets from the

original house to the new house?

One respondent mentioned that he had two houses that were going to be destroyed and was

wondering if AES SONEL could build his two houses instead of one.

Could they use the material from their houses to help them build their new house as AES SONEL

was going to destroy the house and had no need for this material?

= Will their new house have the same quality as the previous house with regards to water, electricity,

TV network, phone network, etc.

Observations from the moderator

People seem to be impatient to receive their compensation and are tired of being surveyed. They have expressed the need to have a detailed plan of all activities that will occur with set times and dates and

also asked to be considered a priority during the recruitment process for the construction of the line. The meeting was conducted without any particular incident. Their relatives represented participants who

could not attend the meeting. The concerns show that the participants want AES SONEL to respect their

wishes and take into account their concerns. No one seemed to object the project.

List of ~ a r t i c i ~ a n t s

1 NO ( Last Name, First Name 1 contact I 1

2

3

4

5

6

Achuache John

Hambem J. Jacques

Fansi Toko Desire

7

8

9

10

11

12

96650773

75701398 1

Otto Marie Noel

Ngono Hypolite

Mapout Bienvenu

99465391

7797821 5

99603066

lmandi Nicolas

Ebobane lseac

Nang Babes David Aime

lsson Daniel Martin

Lissom Joseph Blaise

Billong N. Paulette

99997936

77854928

9631 3204

Village: LONDJI 2

Date: 04/06/07 Heure: 8.30 10.10

Nombre de participants: 4

Question I

Dans ce village I'option proposee par AES SONEL a arrange la moitie des participants. Ils

souhaiteraient que AES SONEL leur construise une maison meilleure que celle actuelle. Les cles doivent leur dtre remises. Les autres ont opte pour une solution differente qui est celle de chercher leurs

propres techniciens, mais que AES SONEL finance et cordonne les travaux de construction. La raison

est la lutte contre la pauvrete et le chbmage des jeunes dans le village. Ils estiment que les jeunes du village sont qualifies et aptes a faire ce travail.

Question II

Deux participants affirment avoir du terrain pour la reconstruction de leurs maisons. Un autre dit avoir du

terrain mais sur lequel se trouve sa palmeraie or il voudrait que sa maison soit construite sur cette parcelle. Sa preoccupation est que AES SONEL revienne sur le terrain voir sa palmeraie,car il estime

qu'il merite une indemnisation pour cette palrneraie qui constitue son activite principale. Le dernier ne possede pas de terrain et ne veut mdrne pas chercher. II laisse cette responsabilite a AES SONEL.

Question Ill

Sur cette question les avis sont differents. Pour ceux qui attendent les maisons de AES SONEL, le demenagernent prendra une semaine parce qu'ils estirnent qu'ils ont une nouvelle maison et n'ont plus

rien a faire dans I'ancienne qui sera d'ailleurs detruite. Pour les autres, un mois suffirait A construire une maison et a y amenager. Ils ne voudraient pas trainer de peur de depenser I'argent a d'autres fins.

Question IV

Une personne declare un cas d'irresponsabilite dans son menage. Madame BILONGO en I'occurrence

souhaite que AES SONEL lui construise une maison parce qu'elle estime que remettre de I'argent a son fils causerait des problemes. pour les autres il n'y a pas de probleme

Question V

Les gens sont inquiets parce qu'ils laissent tout derriere eux et ils doivent recommencer a zero. Arriveront I-ils a s'integrer facilernent dans le nouveau milieu ? AES SONEL les mettra t-ils dans les

meilleures conditions de vie ? Auront-ils des points d'eau ? Pour ceux qui ont leur puits dans la

cour AES SONEL pourra t-elle les aider a creuser un autre ?

Question VI

La majorite des participants n'a pas de tornbe. Pour ceux qui en ont une partie souhaite que AES SONEL les aide a les recaser mais dans les m8rnes conditions qu'actuellement. L'autre partie restante souhaiterait que les tornbes restent sur place.

Question VII

Les participants se demandent a quel moment AES SONEL construira les maisons pour le recasement. Ils aimeraient savoir s'ils peuvent rkcuperer les materiaux provenant de la destruction de leur maison et

si AES SONEL peut les aider A ouvrir un compte bancaire pendant la periode des indemnisations.

List of Participants

Contacts

96 01 65 49

99 62 21 83

99 65 93 35

99 1 1 98 59

No.

01

02

03

04

Noms et prbnoms

BOKALY SAMUEL

NZOUANGA JEAN PIERRE

BlLONGO represente par sa veuve NDOMO

MISAGU represente par NYARl JEAN CLAUDE

Village: ELOGBATINDI

Date: 04 juin 2007 Heure: 12.20 14.05

Nombre de participant: 2

Question I

Les participants souhaitent tous que AES SONEL leur construise une rnaison rneilleure que I'actuelle.

Leur inquietude est de savoir s'il y aura des habitations provisoires parce qu'ils estirnent que AES SONEL doit prendre un certain temps pour construire de bonnes maisons. ils ne voudraient pas des rnaisons faites a la hate.

Question II

Ces personnes ont du terrain rnais c'est dans le rnarecage. ils souhaiteraient que AES SONEL les aide

a degager ce rnarecage

Question Ill

Les participants pensent que trois sernaines suffiront pour arnenager dans la nouvelle rnaison des que

celle-ci est prete. Cet intervalle leur perrnettra de planter quelques fleurs et de quitter celle qui sera detruite pour que AES SONEL fasse aisernent son travail.

Question IV

Un des deux participants dit qu'il est vieux et il estirne qu'il lui faut une voiture pour son dernenagernent. AES SONEL devrait leur envoyer des specialistes en arnenagernent et la rnanutention. L'autre

participant n'a pas de problerne.

Question V

Quelques soucis ont ete releves. Etant donne que ces deux participants habitent une rn&rne concession ils voudraient savoir si AES SONEL va rernplacer tout ce qui sera detruit. Par exernple le puit, la barriere naturelle( fleurs). Ils souhaitent avoir la lurniere avec une facturation speciale, et les forages

pour avoir de I'eau potable.

Question VI

Un des deux participants n'a pas de tornbe. Pour celui qui en a, il souhaite que AES SONEL I'aide a recaser ses tornbes parce qu'il estirne que ses rnort doivent etre a cote. Pour celles qui sont dans la

rnaison, il voudrait qu'il y ait un caveau familial a cote de la nouvelle rnaison. Pour celles qui sont dehors, il voudrait qu'elles soient recasees si possible avec les rngrne monuments.

Question VII

Trois questions ressortent ici. Est-ce que AES SONEL nous aidera a financer les rites qui accornpagnent le recasernent des tornbes ( reorganiser toutes les &r6rnonies liees au deuil et a

I'inhurnation) ? Toutes les rnaisons seront-elles faites en rnatkriaux dbfinitifs ? Quand est-ce que nous serons indernnises ?

List of Participants I No I Norns et prbnoms Contacts

01

02

MEDJO MARCEL MYNYINGA TONYE

77 42 46 821 99 99 07 82

99 12 36 94

Village: BIBABWE

Date: 04/06/07 Heure: 15.10 - 16.45


Question I

Trois participants sur quatre souhaitent que AES SONEL leur remette de I'argent pour construire eux meme leurs maisons. Etant donne qu'ils sont sur une cote, ils estiment qu'ils sont mieux places pour choisir les materiaux de construction capable de resister aux intemperies (coup de vent, pluies. Le quatrieme voudrait que AES SONEL lui construise une maison meilleure avec de bons materiaux.

Question II

Sur cette question, tous ont un terrain ou ils pourront etre recase.

Question Ill

Pour ceux qui doivent construire, les reponses varient de trois a six mois. Ils estiment que s,ils ont de I'argent, I'achat des materiaux sera facile et les travaux prendront trbs peu de temps parce que I'un

deux est du metier. pour celui qui souhaite qu AES SONEL lui construise une maison, trois mois lui seront suffisant pour demenager parce qu'il doit se preparer a quitter sa maison qui regorge beaucoup de souvenir pour lui et il faut le temps de planter les fleurs dans la nouvelle maison.

Question IV

Tous afirment qu'ils n'ont pas de handicaps a signaler.

Question V

Leur principal soucis concerne la proximite avec la ligne haute tension. Ils estiment qu'ils seront en

danger en restant t k s proche de la ligne or c'est a ce niveau que se situent leurs terrains.

Question VI

Pour ceux des participants qui ont des tombes, ils souhaiteraient qu'elles ne soient pas deplacees parce

que du vivent des defunts ils avaient eux-m8mes choisis le lieu ou ils seront enterre.

Question VII

Ces participants demandent pourquoi AES SONEL n'a pas repris I'ancienne ligne ?

Observation :

Les participants dans ce village n'ont pas ete cooperatifs des la reponse a la premibre question qui est d'avoir de I'argent, ils ont estime que le reste des questions n'etait plus important d'ou leur reponse evasive.

List of Participants Contacts No.

01

02

03 04

Noms et prbnoms

NABVOUO JULIENNE

BlKlEPTOU EMMANUEL

NANDANG THERESE

NGONOROSE

Village: APOUH Date: 05-06-07

Heure: 08.20 - 10.30


Question I

Tous les participants ont souhaite que AES SONEL leur donne I'argent pour qu'ils construisent eux meme leurs maisons.ils estiment qu'ils ne peuvent &re mieux servis que par eux-m8mes que compte

tenu des delais AES SONEL risque de construire des maisons a la hate et cela ne refletera pas I'image

qu'ils attendent de leur maisons. Ils ont deja construit celle qui est la et ils ne veulent aucune intervention externe ils pensent enfin que AES SONEL peut ne pas respecter les dosages de ciment et

surtout elle ne tiendra pas compte de leurs plans.

Question II

Pour ce qui est d'avoir une parcelle de terrain ou se recaser, la majorite des participants affirme que

I'achat d'un terrain est tres difficile parce que la ferme Suisse a occupe tout I'espace et plus personne ne vend le terrain. Mais a la fin plusieurs ont affirme avoir une parcelle ou reconstruire leurs maisons,

mais seulement ce terrain est accidente. II y a des rochers et cela va necessiter un terrassement, ils

sollicitent I'aide de AES SONEL pour cela. Une seule personne a dit n'avoir pas de terrain mais est sur

d'en trouver a EDEA.

Question Ill

Pour ce qui est du temps necessaire pour le recasement, les reponses varient de trois a six mois. Certains pensent qu'ils ne faut pas se precipiter pour faire une maison solide. II faut calculer la periode

de sable, trouver les techniciens capables de reproduire ce qui leur est demander. D'autre affirment se connaitre en construction ils savent exactement ce qu'il y a a faire. Le tout est d'avoir de I'argent en

main.

Question IV

Aucun participant n'a signale un cas d'incapacite ou de handicaps quelconques

Question V

Tous les participants sont inquiets des troubles que ce recasement va causer dans leur famille.

Notamment pour ce qui est de la scolarisation des enfants qui seront eloigne des etablissements qu'ils

frequentent maintenant. Pour celui qui va chercher son terrain a Edea, il se demande si AES SONEL recreusera ou alors lui donnera une indemnisation pour son puit qui sera detruit. Y a t-il une indemnisation pour le prejudice moral cause par la destruction de son commerce qu'il tenait a la ferme

suisse? Les participants voudraient savoir si les sacrifices qu'ils ont accompli jusqu'ici, a savoir acheter le terrain sur lequel ils ont construit et tous les travaux effectues sur ce terrain, seront pris en compte

lors des indemnisations. Une autre personne est inquiete de savoir comment gerer ses differentes maisons etant donne que sa concession a Bte divisee en deux, et la nouvelle maison sera construite deux kilometres plus loin. La dernikre inquietude est de savoir a quand I'indemnisation?

Question VI

Aucun des participants n'a de tombe affectee

Question VII

Plusieurs questions ressortent. Qu'arrivera t-il si nous trouvons du terrain dans une zone non klectriske alors que nous avions la lumibre dans I'ancienne maison? AES SONEL va t-elle nous rembourser I'argent que nous avons dkpense pour acqubrir le terrain sur lequel nous avons construit? Aurons-nous le temps suffisant pour reconstruire avant que nos maisons soient dbtruites? La question de I'indemnisation est encore revenue A ce niveau. Les participants trouvent que le processus prend plus

de temps qu'il n'en faut, et certains sont entrain de mourir. Ils ont peur de ne pas toucher leur argent.


Contacts

99 78 60 82

9964 14 10

96 37 61 18

99 79 08 77

99 55 92 64

No

01

02

03

04

05

Noms et prknoms

ETAMANE ETAMANE JEANVIER

LOME JOSEPH

EPOULA PIERRE

NDONG SERGE

BOUYAME LOUIS

Village: MALIMBA URBAIN Date: 05/06/07

Heure: 13h30 15.05

Nornbre de participants: 10

Question I

Sur les dix participants, huit ont demande que AES SONEL leur donne leur argent pour pouvoir

construire eux meme leurs maisons. 11s estiment qu'ils sont mieux place pour savoir ce qu'ils veulent, construire selon leur plan, choisir tout seul le materiel de construction. Une personne dit qu'il est du

domaine et qu'il peut tout seul se charger de construire sa maison. Les deux autres personnes ont sollicite que AES SONEL leur construise des maisons meilleures. L'une dit qu'elle est veuve et ne sait pas ou aller et I'autre dit que AES SONEL doit restituer sa maison.

Question II

La plus part des participants sont des allogenes donc n'ont pas toujours la possibilite d'avoir plus d'un terrain parce que nous sommes dans une zone urbaine et les terrains cootent excessivement chers

c'est pourquoi la majorite ne possedent pas de parcelle de terrains ou reconstruire leurs maisons.

Certains pensent qu'avec de I'argent en main ils serait facile de trouver et de negocier une parcelle de terrain. D'autre souhaiteraient que AES SONEL les aident a trouver et a negocier le terrain. Quelques-

uns ont le terrain mais qui va necessiter un terrassement, et il sollicite I'aide de AES SONEL pour cela.

Ils souhaiteraient que ces terrains ne soient pas eloignes de leur lieu d'activite.

Question Ill

Pour les participants qui veulent construire eux mgme leurs maisons, le temps du recasement varie entre six et douze mois. Plusieurs raisons ont ete avancees, pour construire une maison ils ne vont pas

utiliser des machines mais des personnes qui peuvent se fatiguer et prendre du repos. II faudra attendre que les enfants soient en vacances pour demenager, il faut calculer avec les intemperies, notamment les pluies, la rupture des stocks sur le marche, et enfin ils estiment que pour faire quelque chose de

solide ce n'est pas a la hate. Pour ceux qui attendent des maisons de AES SONEL, ils estiment que deux ou trois mois seront suffisant pour demenager, parce qu'ils auront deja une nouvelle maison et

qu'il n'y aura plus de raison de rester dans I'ancienne

Question IV

Aucun cas de handicap n'est signale ici.

Question V

Les participants sont preoccupes par le fait qu'ils vont laisser toute leur vie derriere eux et recommencer a zero, or I'insertion dans un nouveau groupe n'est toujours pas facile. Certain sont inquiet de savoir s'ils auront la lumiere, I'eau, si la main d'c~uvre qui sera utilisee pour construire leurs nouvelles maisons

sera pris en compte lors du calcul des indemnisations, ils veulent savoir comment et sur quelle base se fera le calcul des indemnisations, sera t-il objectif? Enfin ils souhaiteraient que le gouvernement ne soit pas mble dans les transactions financiers. Que cella soit fait entre AES SONEL et les affectes !

Question VI

Parmis les participants, la majoritk n'a pas de tornbe. Une seule personne en a et souhaite que AES

SONEL I'aide a recaser cette tombe si possible.

Question VII

Deux questions ont kt6 posees, celle de savoir a quand le financement? Comment auront-ils des

rkponses a leurs prkoccupations ?

List of Part ici~ants

No.

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

Noms et prbnoms

BlKAT BAHOYA REYMOND

KOUMOUKAN EPSE MAHOP ANASTASIE

SUUM EWONGO PASCAL

HlNAGSlKE SEVERAIN

NGUENA BATOUM MAURICE

BlERAl DIEUDONNE JOSEPH

BIEGWA EPSE BELL ESTHER

NSONGO EDlMO ETIENNE

NGOULEKANG MARCELINE

LISSOM JOSEPH BLAISE

Contacts

7792 11 78

96 40 39 12

96 69 88 46

99 38 50 77

99 28 51 42

96 23 54 70

75 90 28 51

74 65 44 08

75 44 46 82

77 87 49 28

Village: Malirnba Urbain Date: 06-06-07

Heure: 09.10 - 1 1.30 Nombre de participants: 10

Question 1

Les participants ont eu de la peine a repondre a cette question car ils ont estimes que le terme meilleur

etait un pigge. Apres mainte explication Six participants ont finalement souhaite que AES SONEL leur construise une maison meilleure et le reste voudraient que AES SONEL leur remette de I'argent afin

qu'ils construisent eux meme leur maisons parce qu'ils estiment qu'ils sont mieux places pour savoir ce

qu'ils veulent comme maison( le plan de la maison, rnateriaux de construction, meilleurs techniciens)

Question II

En ce qui concerne la parcelle de terrain ou construire la maison, un seul des participants avoue avoir une parcelle. Cette question reste la principale prBoccupation des autres participants, qui pensent qu'il

est difficile de trouver du terrain dans le village parce que c'est une zone urbaine et lorsqu'il est possible d'en trouver, celui-ci coirte excessivernent cher. Voila pourquoi leur souhait est que AES SONEL les aide a trouver et a nBgocier le terrain. Un des participants propose que AES SONEL utilise une partie

de I'argent qui doit leur Btre remis pour leur acheter du terrain et utiliser le reste pour la construction. En ce qui concerne cette question, plusieurs personnes ont pense que AES SONEL devait acheter du terrain a tous les recases parce qu'ils estiment que mBrne si leur terrain n'ont pas de titre, ils ont

debourse beaucoup d'argent pour I'obtenir.

Question Ill

Concernant le temps que mettrons les affectes pour se recaser, les rBponses varient de six a douze mois pour ceux qui prBferent construire eux rneme leur rnaisons. Plusieurs raisons ont ete Bvoquees. La plus importante concerne les intemperies (pluies, rupture de stock de materiaux sur le marche)

certains ont evoque le probleme d'ecole, il souhaiteraient que le dernenagement se fasse pendant les vacances pour leur permettre de rnieux choisir les Btablissements scolaires en fonction des distances et

de la qualite d'enseignement dans ces etablissernents. D'autres enfin ont parle de la periode des recoltes parce que les nouvelles maisons risquent d'etre loin de leurs champs. Pour ceux qui attendent des rnaisons de AES SONEL ils pensent que un a deux rnois seront suffisant pour dernenager parce

qu'ils auront a ranger leurs affaires sans prbcipitation, a bien arnBnager la nouvelle maison( planter les fleurs, planter les arbres fruitiers).

Question IV

Aucun cas de handicap ou d'incapacite n'a ete souleve par les participants, parce qu'ils pensent qu'a

partir du moment ou ils ont de I'argent tout est possible

Question V

Plusieurs inquietudes ont BtB soulevBes. Les participants voudraient bien savoir s'ils auront de I'eau. des hapitaux, de I'dlectricitB, si les enfants auront des Bcoles tout proche, si les droit des populations seront respectes a la lettre. Y aura t-il un financement pour le dBrnBnagernent ? Recevront-ils une compensation pour la perturbation de la vie sociale des enfants, qui vont laisser derriere eux leurs amis et leurs habitudes ? AES SONEL va t-elle engager leurs enfants pour les travaux? Ils souhaiteraient

enfin que le gouvernement n'intervienne pas dans les transactions financieres. Que cela se fasse

directement entre la SONEL et eux, parce qu'ils risquent ne pas avoir la totalitb de leur indemnisation.

Question VI

Parmis les participants, une seule penonne a une tombe affectbe, et elle souhaite que celle-ci reste sur

place.

Question VII

Plusieurs questions ont btb posbes a savoir s'ils pourront recupbrer les matbriaux des maisons a

dbtruire ? AES SONEL prendra telle en compte leurs terrains non titres parce qu'ils estiment qu'lls les

ont achetbs et ils doivent &tre rembourses.


Contacts

99 46 53 91

96 42 31 15

74 02 62 92

99 39 32 55

752469 12

99 43 69 83

77 04 73 84

7768 1823

96 21 18 69

No.

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

Norns et prbnorns

OTTO MARIE NOELLE

NGO NOLBA MARIE LUlSE

DENIS TAMACK

TCHASSONG TAGUETIGOUNG ANDRE MARIE

DZIZZANG APPOLLINAIRE

SEGNOU PASCAL

BATAYA HEUBTHE JEANVIER

ESSOGO CECILE EPSE ELOUNDOU

KEMCHE FEZE NESTOR

HONLA NOM MOUTLEN

Village: Malimba Urbain 1 Date: 06.06.07

Time: 08:OO - 11:OO Number of participants: 8

Question I

Only one person requested the money, giving the reason that he would like to find a land closer to his affected house and construct it himself even if he could only afford to construct a smaller house.

The remaining participants chose the construction instead of the money. These stated that their new house or foundation should be similar to the one destroyed but better quality and bigger. In addition, the people with houses to be constructed requested these to have all the comforts that their current house has, this meant that if the house to be destroyed had electricity, water, TV reception, phone network, proximity to roads, proximity to their children's schools orland their work then the new house should also have the same thing. Furthermore, all participants requested AES SONEL to construct their house in a location close to the previous location in order to minimise the impact on their daily lives.

Question II

All participants asked support from AES SONEL in clearing their new land and preparing it for construction. This included the person that requested the compensation in money. Only one person mentioned the existence of another land where AES SONEL could build her house. The remaining people stated they would require support in finding another land in a location close to the previous location as well as in buying the land, as they did not have enough money to purchase the new land. None of these people have land title for the current land.

Question Ill

All participants expressed their willingness to know exactly when AES SONEL would give the compensation, as that would determine the period for their reallocation. However, when they received the information that according to the Cameroonian law they had a maximum period of 6 months to reallocate from the moment they received the compensation, the person that chose the option of receiving money said that he would respect the time stipulated by the law. Nevertheless, he expressed the concern regarding the weather season, as that would affect the construction time. In other words, if he received the compensation during the raining season, the construction time would not be possible during the six months predicted due to the constant rain. The remaining participants mentioned that the time of reallocation would depend on AES SONEL as they chose their house to be constructed by them.

Question IV

When asked about any possible disabilities that they would like AES SONEL to pay particular attention to, the majority of the participants mentioned that they did not have major disabilities or older people in their households that would require special assistance. Only one person mentioned that her husband was blind and would need special attention and another that mentioned that she was a recent widowed with small children.

Question V

When asked about any concerns they might have due to the reallocation, the main concern were about the location of the new land. Their main worry was that this would affect their daily activities and even increase their daily expenditures. As such participants mentioned the proximity to their children's schools, their place of work, their cultures, their access to the road, electricity and water as some of the factors that should be taken into consideration when choosing the new land.

A couple of people stated they were very unhappy and irritated about having to reallocate because they had been living in the land for many, many years and now because the government wants the land, they must leave.

One concern was expressed was the finding a new land that was as big as the land they currently possess.

Another concern mentioned was the transport of their house assets to the new reallocation, as they were afraid these could be damaged during the trip and there would not be any compensation for that.

One person was concerned about the current material (blocs) in the house that was in the process of construction and asked if AES SONEL could help her to transport those blocks to the other land. In addition, she mentioned that she had bought sand for the construction and when AES SONEL asked her to stop the construction due to the reallocation, the rain that occurred during the time she was waiting for the reallocation washed the sand away.

One person was concerned about when they would receive the compensation or know the new land they would be reallocated too, as he needed to matriculate his children in the school and could not wait for too long otherwise their children would loose their place in the current school. In addition, if he did matriculate them and then was reallocated to a much further location, their children would need to change schools and he would need to pay again.

One person stated that she had already started looking for a land in the vicinity but could not find any.

The final concern was regarding the land title. One respondent mentioned that he purchased a portion of land from a neighbour that had a big land with land title, but that for his portion of land the neighbour did not give him the land title. As such, the neighbour will receive the compensation for the land and he is concerned that he will not get any compensation.

Question VI

With the exception of one participant, no other participant had tombs that could be affected.

With regards to the participant that had the tomb, he understood that he would not receive any compensation for their graves if they were to be reallocated, as AES SONEL would provide this service. Nevertheless, he still expressed his wish to have his grave reallocated to the new site and was happy to receive AES SONEL's assistance in this reallocation (EYOCK Philipe).

Question VII

The participants were given time to answer any questions that they might have regarding the reallocation. To some of these questions the team was able to provide an adequate answer however to others, these were only noted down. All of the questions posed are expressed below.

When will they receive their compensation package? If they had cultures that were going to be compensated, would that compensation occur at the same time as the reallocation date, if they chose their house to be reconstructed?

Would AES SONEL compensate them for additional costs that came about due to the reallocation such as construction material that was destroyed due to the long waiting time for the reallocation?

The people that have tombs constructed with more permanent material, will these be compensated during the reallocation as they will be destroyed or will AES SONEL also build the same quality tomb?

Will there be any more studies after this one? Will there be a new commission coming?

Will AES SONEL provide them with transport for them to move their material assets from the original house to the new house?

= One respondent mentioned that he had two houses that were going to be destroyed and was wondering if AES SONEL could build his two houses instead of one.

Could they use the material from their houses to help them build their new house as AES SONEL was going to destroy the house and had no need for this material?

Will their new house have the same quality as the previous house with regards to water, electricity, TV network, phone network, etc.

Observations from the moderator

People seem to be impatient to receive their compensation and are tired of being surveyed. In addition, people were not happy about not receiving any monetary help to purchase their new land. The meeting was conducted without any particular incident and the participants who could not attend the meeting were represented by their relatives. Some people were not happy about being reallocated and expressed this sentiment clearly.


Household Questionnaire used in Socio-Economic Baseline Survey

Social Assessment for the Construction of the Edea-Kribi Power Line

I ~ u m e r o d'ordre de chaque menbre du I Imenage/~umber of household members 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1

8.3. Comment aimeriez vous etre indemmnise?choisir par ordre de preference dans les 3 cas suivantsl How would you want to be compensated? Choose three in order of preference

01 Payer ma compensation en especelPayment of the compensation in cash

02 AES doit m'acquerir un terrain nouveaulme construire une maisonl AES to buy your landlhouse on your behalf

03 Associer les deuxl Mixture of the two above Lu 98 Autre moyen a specifierlother specify 99 Ne sait pas1Don't know

B.4 Est ce que vous avez un compte banmire?( a poser au chef de menage uniquement)/ Do you have a bank account (ask the head of household only)

01 OuiNes 02 NonlNo

01 OuiNes 02 NonlNo

01 OuiNes 02 NonlNo

Si non,passer a la question B7Af No, go to question 87

8.5 Preciser le nom de votre banque SVPI. Please specify the name of your bank

B.6.Etes vous en mesure d'effectuer une transaction bancaire en espece ou par cheque? Are you able to deposit and withdraw cash or cheques?

B.7.Aimeriez vous que AES SONEL vous aide a ouvrir un compte bancaire pour recevoir votre compensation? Would you like AES SONEL to assist you in opening a bank account to receive

Section 1 - 4 Scott Wilson


Numero d'ordre de chaque menbre du menagelNumber of household members 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

D.3 Est ce I'enquete frequente actuellement?/Are any of the household members currently studying

01 < 5 min. 02 De 5 a30 mn 03 De 30 mn a 1 h 0 4 > l h

01 A piedlBy foot 02 A velo1By bicyde 03 Par minibuslby mini bus 04 Par taxilBy Taxi 05 Par vehicule personnelllprivate car

D.4 -Quelle ecole frequente les enfants en age scolaire(preciser pour chaque enfant) Which schools do the children in the house go to (Write down per child)?

D.5 -Quelle duree met les enfants pour aller de la maison a I'ecole? How long do the children take from the house to get to the school?

J.3 -Quel moyen de deplacement utilisent les enfants pour se rendre a I'ecole? How do the children of the household travel to school? (Repondre en respectant I'ordre des questions precedentes)(Register using the same order as the previous question)

1. u 5 w

98 Autre moyen a specifierlother specify

Section 1 - 7 Scott W~lson



E- Activites generatrice de revenus par chaque membre du menagellNCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES PER HOUSEHOLD MEMBER

E.l - Est ce que chaque du menage contribue au revenu du menage?lDoes the household member contribute to the household income?

E.2 -Quelle est I'activite principale de chaque membre de menage?/ What is the main occupation of the household member?

01 CultivateurlFarm~ng 02 Agent de I'EtatlGovemment Em~loyment

W I I U W W U I U W 03 Employe du secteur privel~mplbyment in the Private Sector 04 Auto employe1 Self employed: a- Vendeur ambulant (fruits,culture vivnere,lroad side selling of products (e.g. fruits, crops and food) b - Barlrestaurant c - Pechelfishing d - Commerce e - MawnlConstruction f - MechanlcienlMechanic h - Taximanhaxi drivers I - Vendeur de sablelselling of sand

I 1 98- Autre a specifierlother specify I I 06 EtudiantlStudent 07 Homme de maison /Femme de rnenageNousekeeperlcleaner 08 RetraitelRetired 09 Sans emploilUnemployed 10 EnfantlChild 11 HandicapelDisabled

Section 1 - 8 Swtt W~lson


---- Numero d'ordre de chaque menbre du menagelNumber of household members 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

E.3 - Quelle autre activite exerce chaque membre du menage?/\l\lhat other acitvities does the household member practise? (maximum of 3)

01 CommercanUFormal Commerce I l - u I u-l Lu L - u U l-u u - l u - l

E.4 - Specifier SVPIPlease specify (maximum of 3)

98 Autre moyen a specifierlother specify

E.5. Est ce que vous avez un parent qui vous envoie de I'argent d'ailleurs?lDo you receive monetary assistance from familiy members living in other places?

E.6 - Quel est le revenu total mensuel des activites pratique par chaque membre du menage (y compris I'argent venu d'ailleurs)?l\l\lhat is the total monthly income of all activities practised by the household member (including money from outside)?

E.7 - Quel est le moyen de deplacement utilise par chaque membre de menage pour de rendre au travail?lHow does the household member travel to hislher main working location?

II I UI u ULU LU uu 01 A piedlBy foot 02 A velolBy bicycle 03 Par minibuslby m~ni bus 04 Par taxilBy Taxi 05 Par vehicule personnelllprivate car

98 Autre moyen a specifier1Other specify

Section 1 - 9



E.8 -Est ce qu'on pratique I'elevage dans le menage?/ Does the household raise or sell animals ?

u If non go to F

E.9 - Que fait le menage des animaux eleves?specifier par type d1animaux.What does the household do with the animals it raises? Specify per animal

01 Eleve pour autoconsomationlraise for own consumption VollailelChickens OZEleve pour vendrel Raise and sell 03 N'eleve padDoesn't raise CanardIDucks 04Vend uniquementl Just Sells

u ChevrelGoats l-u

Section l - 10

Chicks

Ducks

Goats

COWS

Scott W~lson


l ~ u m e r o d'ordre de chaque menbre du 1 lmenagelNumber of household members 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 O A

F.l - Quel est le loisir favori de chaque membre du menage?lNVhere does the household member go during hislher free time?

01 A la rnaison1At home 02 Chez les amidat friends houses 03 Le sporVPractising sport 04 Au culte1At the church 05 Dans les debits de boisson du village1At barslstalls in the village 06 Dans les debits de boisson le long des routedAt bars next to the road 07 Dans les boites de nuit hors du villagelln night clubs outside the village 98 Autre rnoyen a specifierlother specify)

01 < 5 rnin. 02 De 5 a30 rnn 03 De 30 rnn a 1 h 0 4 > l h

01 A piedlBy foot 02 A velolBy bicyde 03 Par rninibuslby rnin~ bus 04 Par taxilBy Taxi 05 Par vehicule personnelllprivate car 98 Autre rnoyen a specifierlother specify

F.2 - Quelle est la duree que met chaque membre du menage pour se rendre a son lieu de loisir favori?lHow long does it take the household member to get to the place of leisure helshe frequents the most?

F.3 - Quel est le rnoyen de deplacement utilise pour se rendre a son lieu de loisir favoriMow does helshe go to the place of leisure helshe frequents the most?

Section I - 1 1 Scott Wilson



G - ETAT DE SANTE DE CHAQUE MEMBRE DU MENAGEIHEALTH PER HOUSEHOLD MEMBER

G.l - Y'a t-il dans le menage quelqun qui soufre d'un handicape mental ou physique?lls there anyone in the household with a mental or physical disability?

G.2 - Specifier I'handicapelSpecify the disability

04 PsychologiquementallPsychological/Mental 05 MultiplelMultiple 98 Autre moyen a specifierlother spec~fy

G.3 - Y'a t'il dans le menage quelqun qui a soufert de I'une des maladies suivantes les trois dernieres annees?l Has the household member suffered from any of the following diseases in the last three years?

02 PaludismeIMalaria 03 PiarrheelDiarrehea

I I Iuuuuuuu 04 Tuberculose~uberculosis 05 HepatitelHepatitis II I I u UILL u uu

06 Fievre jauneNellow Fever 07 Toutes les maladies sus-citeeslall of the

I I I U U I U ~ U L - U above

Section 1 - 12

98 Autre moyen a spec~fierlother specify

Scott W~lson

1



01 S'est rendu dans le centre de sante du villageMlent to the local hospital

G.4 - Dans quel centre de sante a t-il recu des soins?NVhere does helshe go to get treatment?

a - Aspecifier SVPlplease specify

02 S'est rendu dans un hopital Departemental- ProvincialMlent to the bigger hospital in the city I I

a - Aspecifier SVPlplease specify I 03 S'est rendu chez le tradi praticienMlent to the traditional doctor 05 S'est traite a la maison sans medicamentltreated at home without medication 06 S'est traite a la maison avec des medicaments achetes au marcheltreated at home with medication got from the market 07 S'est traite a la maison avec des medicaments traditionnelsltreated at home with traditional medication 98 Autre moyen a specifierlother specify

G.5 - Ya t-il eu dans le menage le deces d'un enfant de moins de cinq ans durant les trois dernieres anneeslHas any child in the household under the age of five died over the last three years? Si non aller a la section suivantehf no go to next section

G.6 - Quelles ont ete les raisons de son deces?NVhat were the main reasons

98 - Aspecifier SVPlplease specify

Section 1 - 13 Scott Wilson

AES SONEL

KRIBI POWER PROJECT

TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR A DETAILED SOCIO ECONOMIC SURVEY, RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN

AND INDEPENDANT VALUATION

. I8 KPP ToRjbr RAP.Decernher 06

PROTECT BACKGROUND

1 INTRODUCTION

AES SONEL, the national power utility in Cameroon, is currently developing a 150 MW gas-fired power plant in order to meet the expanding electricity requirements of the country over and as part of the medium-term strategic development programme.

In the course of development of the project, the company hired in December 2005 after an international competitive bidding process, an environmental consulting firm to conduct an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) necessary to obtain both national authorisations and multi-lateral approval for the construction and operation of the proposed power plant and associated facilities for the project. This study is complete and the ESIA report shall be issued and submitted to approval in the next few weeks.

One of the major impacts identified during the ESIA is the necessity the resettle a number of Project Affected People (PAPs) with regards to their properties identified on the plant site and within the transmission line corridor, particularly:

the land (titled or not) the crops the other properties (houses, ...)

In parallel to the ESIA, AES SONEL jointly with government commissions appointed by Divisional Officers decrees in the project area carried out a survey, based on the Public Utility Decrees (PUD) obtained, whose task was to identify namely all the PAPs and record in details the nature of their affected belongings (lands, properties, crops, . . .). These commissions completed their task in July 2006, and detailed reports will be available in the next few weeks. AES SONEL also hired a company to work with the commission and issue maps of all affected properties, with inclusion of all identification details on their owners.

AES SONEL is now seeking a reputable consulting firm to carry out a detailed Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) that will include the Independent Valuation of properties affected by the Project for the sake of compensation as well as a socioeconomic impact assessment of the losses on the affected parties.

The detailed scope of this assignment follows.

2 PROJECT BRIEF

The Kribi Power Project, scheduled to be commissioned during the second half of 2008 comprises:

JR-KPP-%l< for RAPlDecernher 06

The construction of a 150 MW power plant fuelled with natural gas;

The construction of energy transmission facilities comprising: a step-up substation at the plant site;

- a 100 km, 225 kV transmission line between the step up substation and the Mangombe 225190 kV substation at Edka;

- the connection of the transmission line at the Mangombe substation with addition of new 225 kV bays.

The power plant will be located at MPOLONGWE, a village situated 9 km north of the coastal city of Kribi, in the southern province of Cameroon. Its area is almost 16 hectares.

This power plant will be equipped either with simple cycle gas turbines or reciprocating gas engines. The plant will be owned by AES SONEL through a subsidiary.

The energy produced will feed the Southern Interconnected Grid (SIG) via a double circuit 225 kV transmission line constructed on steel towers in a 30 m way leave. The connecting point shall be the Mangombe 225190 kV substation at Edka.

Both the power plant site and the transmission line corridor were declared of public utility through Public Utility Decrees (PUD) signed by the Minister in charge of land affairs in August 2005.

3 PROJECT DOCUMENTATION

Inventorv of Project Affected People

During the census of Project Affected People (PAPS) led by the divisional commissions, following numbers were recorded:

On the power plant site: Property owners: 8 Crops owners: 17 Titled lands: 0

On the transmission line corridor: Property owners: 86 Crops owners: 665 Titled lands: 34

The following documents were issued and shall be at disposal of the consultant: o the detailed list of land owners, their location and details of affected area; o the detailed list of crops owners and types of crops affected; o the detailed layouts of all affected lands (farmed, titled or not);

3 .JB KPP-ToR,for RAP/Decrrnber 06

Additional documentation

In addition, following documentation shall be provided:

layouts of the plant site and transmission line route; the ESIA report; the Decree No 2003/418/PM dated on the 25th February 2003 relating to the valuation of crops for compensation purposes.

4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of the study contemplated in these Terms of Reference shall include but not limited to:

a Detailed household survey to cross check the information gathered by the divisional census commissions, and identify, interview and validate all Project Affected People (PAPs) and their relevant affected properties; Detailed socio-economic survey of all validated PAPs; Detailed Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for all affected properties; Independent valuation of the PAPs belongings and properties for the sake of compensation;

a. Detailed Household and Socio-economic Survev of validated PAPs

The detailed household and socio-economic survey objective is, for all Project Affected People (PAPs) to:

i. Cross check the available information gathered during the census of the divisional commissions in order to confirm the data collected (list of Project Affected People (PAPs) and their properties) ;

ii. Establish a Baseline Information (quantitativelqualitative) on affected families including spouses, children/dependants/relatives, health, land, religions, and economic and social data (sources of income and livelihood);

iii. Determine impact (quantitativeJqualitative) of the project on the family unit, health, land, and economic situation;

iv. Assess impacts of losses incurred on the affected households and individuals, and identify accompanying or bonification measures for affected communities orland socially vulnerable households

v. Question the PAPs individually and record their preferred means of compensation (money or in-kind).

b. Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)

Based on the validated census information on the affected crops, land and properties:

Prepare and Formulate a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) consistent with national and international standards, particularly IFC standards; Formulate a resettlement framework and implementation plan for the management of resettlement actions; Propose a Monitoring and Evaluation plan including indicators to monitors and baseline information to assess the successful implementation of the RAP. Include the budget for the RAP.

c. Independent Valuation

The objective of the independent valuation is to provide a database in an agreed software package that will enable AES SONEL, Government authorities and potential Lenders to, by using 'Fair Market Value' process (as defined in the Standards and Procedure of Assessment Valuation), determine for each of the PAPS the amount of compensation to be paid either in cash or in kind.

The Independent Evaluator will analyse the rates published in the decree mentioned here up and, in accordance with registered Standards and Procedures of Assessment Valuation propose a fair market value for each crop (depending on its maturity) and each property (land, house ...) for compensation purposes. The details of the valuation methodology and calculation shall be provided;

In case the property is of a sensitive or cultural nature, it shall be assessed and valued and appropriate in-kind, compensation or migration/offset be proposed based on the will of the owner;

The Independent Evaluator shall, where necessary, identify potential project related litigation issues and immediately inform AES SONEL, with proposal of possible solutions.

A Claims Dispute Resolution Committee (CDRC) shall be set up (with participation of government representatives, Independent evaluator and AES Sonel).

5 EXPECTED OUTPUT

The expected output shall be a report written in English, with executive summary in English and French. Five (5) hard copies and an electronic copy will be provided.

6 PROPOSAL REQUIREMENTSIIMPLEMENTATION DELAY

The technical and financial offers are expected within Two weeks from issue of these TORS. The expected implementation delay is 3 months from contract signature.

.IB-KPP ToRfor RAP December 06

aes sonel kribi resettlement action plan...aes sonel kribi resettlement action plan report december...

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