aera 2015 social presence and video
TRANSCRIPT
Did video kill the
asynchronous post?Exploring students’ perceptions of asynchronous online video and social presence
slides @ www.patricklowenthal.com
Patrick Lowenthal
educator
researcher
designer
developer
patricklowenthal.com
Twitter @plowenthal
Overview
Background Method Results Discussion
BACKGROUND
Social Presence
Social presence is the degree of
salience (i.e., quality or state of being
there) between two communicators
using a communication medium.
METHOD
Regular Video Use
Video Announcements
Instructional Videos (screencasts)
Video Feedback
1
2
3
Survey
General Questions
Questions about Video Announcements
Questions about Instructional Videos
Questions about Video Feedback
Data Collection
Spring 2013
Summer 2013
Fall 2013
Spring 2014
Sample
Internet for Educators
Graphic Design for Learning
Online Course Design
101students
RESULTS
General Background
Females 57%
Males 43%
Experienced Online Learners (Average 10 courses)
Perceived learning (4.58)
Satisfied (4.52)
Importance of Presence
[1 Strongly Disagree --- Strongly Agree 5]
Important to
perceive
instructor as
“real” & “there”
Strongly Agree 4.36
Importance to
perceive
classmates as
“real” & “there”
Agree 3.82
Communication Media
Video: 4.23
Audio: 3.55
Text: 3.45
[1 Poor --- Excellent 5]
Rate video, audio, & text in
their ability to establish a
communicator as a “real”
person and being “there”
(i.e., social presence)
Lonely
Sometimes feel alone or isolated when taking online courses
[1 Strongly Disagree --- Strongly Agree 5]
Neither Agree or Disagree 2.97
Preference
I like it when instructors use videos in online courses.
Agree 4.37
VIDEO ANNOUNCEMENTS
Video Announcements
I read every announcement instructor posts
I watched all
announcements
Agree 4.16 Agree 4.08
Video Announcements
When / given a video
announcement and a text
transcription, which are
you more likely to do:
Only read; don’t watch
Read and watch video
Watch but don’t read
31%
46%
23%
Video Announcements
What reasons influence you to watch a video announcement?
“If I have time”
“If there is instruction I watch. If it is simply an announcement
I will not watch”
“Internet connection speed”
“I always watch the video announcements because they are
critical to success in the class”
“Much can be determined from the post's title or subject”
INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEOS
Instructional Videos
Like it when my
instructor uses
instructional
videos
Instructional
videos are a good
way to learn
Strongly Agree 4.51 Strongly Agree 4.46
Instructional Videos
I watched most of the
instructional videos
created by my instructor
this semester?
Strongly / Agree 4.51
Instructional Videos
Prefer
instructors use
videos they
created
Instructional
videos created
by others add
value
Agree 3.57 Agree 3.97
VIDEO FEEDBACK
Preference
I like video feedback
Agree 3.99
Instructional Videos
I watched the
video feedback
Watch video
feedback more
than once?
Agree 4.39Yes 67%
Public Feedback
Helpful to view
feedback others
receive
Agree 3.12
I think I would
watch video
feedback
instructors gave
othersAgree 2.97
OTHER RESULTS
Sync. vs. Async.
Prefer
Asynchronous
Video87%
Most Valued
Video Feedback
Video Announcements
Instructional Videos9%
19%
72%
Situational Factors
Media Compared
One-on-one two-way synchronous video 4.18 Group two-way synchronous video 3.88
Personal asynchronous video 4.13 General asynchronous video 3.77
One-on-one synchronous audio 3.62 Group synchronous audio 3.15
One-on-one asynchronous audio 3.24 Group asynchronous audio 3.06
One-on-one synchronous text-based 3.61 Group synchronous text-based 3.11
One-on-one asynchronous text-based 3.46 Group asynchronous text-based 3.12
Video & Social Presence
Videos can establish instructor presence 4.34
Video announcements can establish instructor
presence 4.22
Video feedback can establish instructor presence
4.17
Instructional videos can establish instructor
presence 4.22
I know my instructor better as a result of his use of
video 4.05
Enjoyed the use of video in this course 4.45
Agree
Video, audio, and text are all tools for
distance communications. Other factors
also contribute to the feeling of a real
person. Most critical for me is timeliness of
the communications. I'd rather have a more
immediate text reply that suffer digital
silence - even if the communication after the
delay is in a high quality video format.
When videos are kept short and focused they
can be a very effective tool for learning. Not
all information needs to be presented in a
video.
The courses where there was some element
of video communication, helped me to feel
more connected to the instructor (or in the
case of 502 not my instructor, but the video
instructor). This semester, I do not feel
connected to my instructors who have not
used any form of video communication.
DISCUSSION
Final Thoughts
One size doesn’t fit all
Video announcements ROI
Subject Matter Difference?
Accessibility
