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Aegean Art Art History Survey I T,R, 12-1:20PM Professor Paige Prater

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Page 1: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Aegean ArtArt History Survey I

T,R, 12-1:20PMProfessor Paige Prater

Page 2: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Cyclades Crete Mainland (Mycenaen/Helladic)

Aegean Cultures 3000BCE-1100BCE

Page 3: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

‘Cycladica’ craze, post WWII (forgeries, lost context)

DATES: ◦ Relative

Pottery◦ Thera explosion (Cycladic island) 1650-1625BCE,

based on: Greenland’s ice cores CA tree rings Irish tree rings

Challenges to Aegean Archaeology!

Page 4: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Sea-faring, agriculture, herding, crafts, and trade (Egypt and Near East)

Lots of white marble available! (Naxos & Paros)

Low quality clay (since 6000 BCE) Gravetop sculptures (lying on top)

◦ Obsidian scrapers and chisels◦ Emery polishing stones

Cyclades 3000-2000 BCE

Page 5: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Cycladic Figures of Women• Inches-5’ tall• Funerary offerings - theory• Painted face, jewelry, dots• Likely reclining

Page 6: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Seated Harp Player, 2700-2500 BCE, marble, 11.5”

Cyclades 3000-2000 BCE

Page 7: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Largest of the Aegean islands: 155x36 mi Economically self-sufficient BUT NO ORES Trade with Egypt, Near East, Greece, & Anatolia Sir Arthur Evans named it after legend of

King Minos who ruled from Knossos, the capital (discovered in 1900CE).

http://youtu.be/x3dak2YQdPM

◦ OLD PALACE PERIOD: 1900-1700 BCE◦ NEW PALACE PERIOD: 1700-1450 BCE

Crete (Minoan) 1900-1450 BCE

http://youtu.be/x3dak2YQdPM
http://youtu.be/x3dak2YQdPM
Page 8: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Not sure if there was a king Rubble/mud bricks finished with dressed

stone Timber bracing Plaster walls and flooring Multi-storied, flat-roofed, MANY COLUMNS Workshops and centralized food

storage/management◦ Single storeroom: ceramic containers to hold

20,000 gallons of olive oil!

Knossos -2000-1375BCE

Page 9: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Knossos -2000-1375BCE

Page 10: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Central courtyard Theatre/performance area Complicated layout = labyrinth = maze Courtyards, apartments, administrative

suites, baths Efficient system of terracotta pipes 3 stories around central court

Knossos -2000-1375BCE

Page 11: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Knossos - RECONSTRUCTED

Columns tapered toward bottom (upside down tree trunks)

Page 12: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Bull Leaping – 1550-1450 BCE (Palace complex, Knossos, Crete)

Page 13: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Thin walls Use of color Stylized, painted

decoration

Kamares Ware (Minoan Ceramics)

Phaistos, Crete, 2000-1900 BCE.

Octopus Flask, Palaikastro, Crete. New Palace Period, 1500-1450BCE.

Page 14: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Imported gold Lost-wax casting Inlay Filigree Repousse Niello – powdered nigellum (alloy of lead,

silver, copper, and sulfur) rubbed into engraved lines, fused via heat http://youtu.be/8hUBqZduE0c

Gilding – affixing gold-leaf

Minoan goldwork

Pendant of Gold Bees. Chryssolakos, near Mallia, Crete, Old Palace Period, 1700-1550 BCE.

http://youtu.be/8hUBqZduE0c
Page 15: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Minoan goldwork

Vapheio Cup. Found near Sparta, Greece, 1650-1450 BCE.

Page 16: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Woman or Goddess with Snakes

From Knossos, New Palace Period, 1700-1550 BCE

Minoan fashion: wide belt, flounced skirt, apron

Minoan Sculpture

Page 17: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Young Girl Gathering Saffron Crocus Flowers

• Wall-painting detail from Room 3 of House Xeste 3, Akrotiri, Thera.

• Cyclades BEFORE 1630BCE

• Similar fashion to goddess sculpture…!

Page 18: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Landscape, Akrotiri, Minoan New Palace Period • Thera,

Cyclades island, Minoan

• 1st (Abstract) landscape

• Undulating landscape

• Colors appear fanciful (arbitrary)

• Stylized lines define form

• Lilies, swallows, expression of movement

Page 19: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Harvester VaseNew Palace Period, 1500BCE

RHYTON: pours liquidSTEATITE: soapstone

Page 20: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

3000 BCE Early Bronze Age in the Cyclades 2200 BCE First Palaces at Knossos, Crete 2000 BCE First pictographic script, Crete 1900 BCE Old Palace Period 1650-25BCE Destruction of Thera;

earthquake/volcanic eruption! 1600 BCE Mycnaeans rise to power 1450 BCE Destruction of minoan palaces; Knossos

occupied by Mycenaeans 1400 BCE Knossos burned/not rebuilt 1300 BCE Mycenaean walls on acropolis in Athens 1100 BCE End of Mycenaean dominance

Sequence of Time/Events

Page 21: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

CITADELS: megalith strongholds to protect ruler’s palace

MEGARON: axial plan Tholos/Beehive/Vaulted

tombs (round, stone)

Mainland: Mycenaean (Helladic) 1600-1100 BCE

“Mask of Agamemnon”Funerary mask from royal tombs, Grave Circle A, Mycenae, Greece, 1600-1550 BCE.

Dagger Blade with Lion Hunt, 1550-1500 BCE – Mycenae, Greece.

Page 22: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

German Troy (Turkey) & Mycenae, Greece 19th Century Businessman Lawsuit with Ottoman Govt Tomb of Agamemnon Controversy of Mask 4 excavations

Heinrich Schliemann

Page 23: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Citadel at Mycenae 1600-1200BCE

Page 24: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Treasury of Atreus (tomb) 1300-1200 BCE

Page 25: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Lion Gate, Mycenae – 1250 BCE

Page 26: Aegaean art arthistorysurveyi_stokstad

Aegean dates/authenticity – how do we know?

Reconstruction – when is it authorized? Significance of animals, such as lions –

where else/what context? Role of women – gender in ancient cultures? Architectural differences/similarities

between societies – structural/utilitarian?

Questions for thought/discussion:


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