ADVANTAGES OF ADVANTAGES OF PLANT TISSUE CULTUREPLANT TISSUE CULTURE

bd ll h M h d h h l PhDAbdullah Mohammad Shohael PhDJSPS Fellow at Gene Research Center,

Tsukuba University JAPANTsukuba University, JAPAN

SCIENCE DIALOGUE PROGRAM AT UTSUNOMIYA GIRLS HIGH SCHOOL. OCTOBER 4, 2008

Summery of the presentationy p

I d i b lf d B l d hIntroduction about my self and Bangladesh

Introduction of some unique plant species

Propagation of plants through tissue culture

Application of tissue culture in plant genetic engineeringengineering.

WHO AM I?WHO AM I?

Full Name: Abdullah Mohammad ShohaelNational of: BangladeshPresent Status: JSPS Post Doctoral Fellow at University of Tsukuba, JAPAN.

Academic qualifications:PhD: 2006, South Korea (Agriculture)MSc: 2001 Bangladesh (Biotechnology)MSc: 2001, Bangladesh (Biotechnology)Bachelor: 1999, Bangladesh (Plant Science)

Introduction of Bangladesh

Bangladesh at a glance*g gName: People`s Republic of BANGLADESHCapital: DhakaMother tongue: Bengali (Bangla)Area: 144,000 km２ （water 7%)Population: 147 MillionPopulation: 147 MillionCurrency: Taka

There are 6 different seasons in Bangladesh:

SUMMER

APRIL-MAYDRY

OCT-NOV

WINTER

DEC-JAN

SPRING

FEB-MAR

RAINY

JUNE-JULY

AUTUMN

AUG-SEPT

National symbols of BangladeshA h A h b lAnthem: Amaar shonar banglaAnimal: The Royal Bengal TigerBird: Oriental magpie RobingpFish: HilshaFlower: White water lilyFruit: JackfruitFruit: JackfruitSports: Kabadi

F hiFashion

$6.50

$2.50

$3.50/Tablet

Each tablet contains the equivalent of threemiracle fruit berries. Japanese researchers

ti th t bl t fare promoting the tablets as a way fordiabetics to enjoy sweets without eatingsugar.

Miracle fruits and Miraculin

Species name: Richadella dulcifica (Schum and Thonn) FamiEnglish name: Miracle fruit.gOrigin: West African ever green tree.Flower and fruits: Multiple whitish small flowers perpetual

flowering And long oval shape berry (Oct/Nov)flowering. And long oval shape berry.(Oct/Nov).

Characteristics:A i i iA ripen red berries can convert a sour taste into a sweet taste. Forexample, lemons taste sweet, like oranges, after chewing the pulp ofthe red berries. Due to this unusual property, the berry has beenp p y, ycalled the “miracle fruit”. The active ingredient in the berry,miraculin, causes citric acid, ascorbic acid, and acetic acid, whichare normally sour to be perceived as sweet after being held in theare normally sour, to be perceived as sweet after being held in themouth. The African native has ate this berry before drinking palmwine and eating corn bread to give a sweetness to these foods.

TiTissue Culture!Culture!

What is Tissue culture????

Tissue culture is a process of growing cells artificially in the laboratory.y y

Tissue culture involves both plant andTissue culture involves both plant and animal cells

Tissue culture products are called clones,h ll ll h hwhere all cells have the same genotype

Advantages of plant tissue cultureIt can create a large number of clones from asingle seed or explants.g pIt takes shortened time, no need to wait for thewhole life cycle of seed development.For species that have long generation time, lowlevels of seed production, or seeds that do notreadily germinate, rapid propagation is possible.

I l i i f dIt overcomes seasonal restrictions for seedgermination.It h lp t li in t pl nt di th hIt helps to eliminate plant diseases throughcareful stock selection and sterile techniques.

Condition of Tissue cultureAppropriate tissue

A suitable growth medium containingenergy sources and inorganic salts tosupply cell growth needs. This can bepp y gliquid or semisolid

Aseptic (sterile) conditions, wheremicroorganism cannot growmicroorganism cannot grow.

Basic requirements for plant tissue culture

Inorganic salts Macronutrients (N P K)Macronutrients (N, P, K)Micronutrients

Vitamins OrganicOrganic

Carbon source Growth regulatorsGrowth regulators

Plant Tissue culture Techniques

What Is Genetic Engineering?

Genetic engineering is a laboratorytechnique to change the DNA of livingorganisms.Alt ti f th t t f tiAlteration of the structure of geneticmaterial in a living organism.

Isolation of the genes of interestSteps of genetic engineering

Isolation of the genes of interest.

Insertion of the genes into a transferInsertion of the genes into a transfervector.

Transfer of the vector to the organism tobe modified.be modified.

Transformation of the cells of the organism.g

Separation of the genetically modifiedorganism (GMO) from those that have notbeen successfully modified.

Plant genetic Engineering

MIR

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pBI121 Agrobacterium

mRNA Reverse Transcription

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AAAAAATTTTTTT

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Synthesisning

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IR

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MIR

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PCR

Clo

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Infection with plant cell

PCR

Tran

Miraculin Gene (MIR)

A B C D

E E F G

JIH

Fig: Summery of transformation

Genetic engineered Tomato and Lettuce PlantLettuce Plant

21.5

Thank you everybody for your kind participation.

I am very glad to answer your questions/ queries